• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.15-30
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• 1997

The purposes of this article were three folds; to find general trends of the conception of love, sexual attitudes and mate conditions of unmarried men and women, to investigate relationships among them and to analyze the effect of significant variables influencing mate conditions. The samples were the 164 unmarried men and 235 unmarried women living in Kwang-ju. Major findings were as follows; 1) Unmarried men revealed higher concern in commitment of love and they were more liberal in sexual attitudes than women. Women desired higher level of mate conditions than men compared with themselves. 2) Women's conception of love was more related to their sexual attitudes and homogeneous mate conditions than men. Men's sexual attitudes were related to their homogeneous mate conditions, while those of women were related to interactional mate conditions. 3) Men's external mate conditions were affected by job, and internal mate conditions were affected by passion of love and sex role attitude. Men's homogeneous mate conditions were affected by attitude of premarital sexual experience, intimacy of love and conception of sexuality, and those of women's were affected by passion of love and age. Men's interactional mate conditions were affected by sex role attitude, job and education. Therefore unmarried men and women's conception of love and sexual attitudes were associated with homogeneous and interactional mate conditions.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.717-725
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• 2003

Purpose: In an attempt to measure the changes in gender-egalitarianism after sexuality education based on the gender-egalitarianism in middle school students, this study was carried out. Methods: The subjects were 137 students (67 boys and 70 girls) in 4 classes that were randomized from among 8 classes of first graders in a coeducational middle school, in Seoul. By the school nurse with the assistance of an advisory committee on sex education by the MOE, sexuality education was implemented based on gender-egalitarianism. The content was presented over 18 hours during 16 weeks, from September, 2001 to December, 2001. For the pre and post check on gender-egalitarianism, a Gender Egalitarianism Scale modified by the researcher was used. Results: After the sexuality education based on the gender-egalitarianism, there was a significant elevation in gender-egalitarianism(t=4.378, p=0.000). There were no significant differences in the mean changes in gender-egalitarianism according to religion, economy level, educational level of parents, and openness of parents. And little experiences in adult video, no experience in masturbation, and being without the opposite sex were related to significant elevations in gender-egalitarianism. The case of the having the positive sexual attitudes showed a significant elevation in gender-egalitarianism as compared with the case of having negative sexual attitudes. Conclusions: Based on these results, sexuality education based on gender-egalitarianism for youth was effective in elevating gender-egalitarianism scores. Because the case of the wide experiences with sexual behaviors showed a tendency to make low gender-egalitarianism, the education program would be effective to implement early in the school as childhood is a period in which children have a non-established sex-role.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.75-91
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• 2018

As more and more males are participating in the female dominated nursing profession in Korea, they are facing a number of discriminations such as department assignment on the job because of male gender stereotype. The purpose of this study is to examine hospital workers's gender role identity, gender stereotype, and the relationship between those attitudes and gender prejudice against male nurses. The results showed that the androgynous group had lower gender stereotypes and lower prejudice against male nurses than those of the other groups. Hospital workers had a strong tendency to believe that male nurses should work mainly in special departments such as emergency rooms, intensive care units, operating rooms and they think that the male nurses are not fit for caring patients because of the patients' unfamiliarity with male nurses. Gender stereotypes were positively correlated to prejudice against male nurses. Therefore, hospitals should consider developing a detailed plan to encourage a culture of gender equality by tackling the existing prejudice against male nurses so that male nurses can get the same opportunities as female counterparts in terms of department assignment and job promotion.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to analyze male oriented military culture and gender discrimination. It examined whether the experience of military service would affect the attitude of Korean college students, gender role identity, and sexism by classifying 317 college students into three groups; males who have completed military service, males who haven't completed military service, and a female group. Research results are as follows: First, in general military experience did not enhance awareness of gender identity nor affect attitudes toward gender discrimination, but significantly enhanced masculinity in some males who completed military service was a major factor in strengthening masculinity and benevolent sexism. Second, males who completed military service and women had a more positive view of the military than males who had yet to serve in the military. Third, regardless of military experience and gender, military experience was perceived to enhance benevolent sexism towards women. Fourth, all three groups showed a strikingly positive correlation in hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. However, they did not show a significant difference in the correlation of groups. Tough these results indicate that deep-rooted gender discrimination in Korean society is enhanced by military experience, it also confirms the significance and impact of the reality of the military ideology.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

This study is a descriptive research study to understand the degree of perception of gender role attitudes and domestic violence targeting marriage migrant women. The subjects of this study were 371 married migrant women residing in area J from October 4 to December 20, 2019. Data analysis was statistically processed using SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. As a result of this study, the subject's gender role attitude was found to be an average of 2.05 points out of 4 points. The subject's perception of domestic violence was an average of 2.02 out of 4 points. There were statistically significant differences in gender role attitude according to the general characteristics of the subjects in terms of domestic residence period, education level, nationality, average monthly income, and the use of international marriage brokers. There were statistically significant differences in perception of domestic violence according to the general characteristics of the subjects in terms of age, education level, nationality, and whether they were married. Based on these findings, it is hoped that the foundation for preventing and solving domestic violence in multicultural families can be laid through awareness education and publicity on domestic violence.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.646-662
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• 2016

This study of elderly couples examined the main environmental factors affecting the married life satisfaction and life satisfaction of the spouses. The survey was conducted on 60-year-old elderly couples who live in the metropolitan area of Seoul and Gyeonggi. A total of 400 questionnaires were used to analyze the exception of a number of 12 388 additional missing data. The results were as follows. First, environmental factors affecting the marital satisfaction of spouses' personality suitability and gender role attitudes appeared in the economic conditions. Second, the spouses environmental factors affecting the life satisfaction turned out to be the gender role attitude, reliability and economic conditions. Third, the major environmental factors affecting both spouses married life satisfaction and life satisfaction was found to be the gender role attitude and economic conditions. Fourth, the environmental factors representing a moderating effect on the supporting spouse between environmental factors and life satisfaction appeared to be the personality suitability and economic conditions. These results suggest that the recent increases in the twilight divorce rate may be due to the marriage satisfaction and common factors of gender role attitudes. Therefore, to improve the lives and economic conditions as well as the satisfaction of the spouse, the support of important factors are needed to adjust the crisis of old age couples. Therefore, a relevant policy that targets elderly couples through counseling and education will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-42
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• 2003

Based on the gender role perspective, this study explored the differential effects of work-family conflict(WFC) on the life satisfaction and job attitudes(job satisfaction and involvement) between men and women by analysing the data collected from about 240 married government officers including both sex. The results showed that both men and women had the higher level of WIF(work interfering family) than that of FIW(family interfering work), and that FIW of women was higher than that of men. The results also showed that WFC(WIF and FIW) had differential effects on the life satisfaction and job attitudes between men and women. Specifically, WFC of women had significant negative effect on the life satisfaction and the job involvement, However WFC of men had no significant effects on them.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.5009-5018
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• 2014

Introduction: Numerous countries have launched campaigns regarding sun protection in the last decades. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess an intervention program aimed at higher knowledge and healthier attitudes regarding sun protection. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 4,133 students aged 8-12 years from a single Greek province. Results: In most items, knowledge levels after the intervention were found to be higher than those before ($2.8{\pm}0.9$ vs $3.3{\pm}0.9$), while knowledge about sun protection factors seems to have had the highest improvement (27.1% vs 56.6%). However, student attitudes did not appear to improve, with the exception of applying sunscreen with a higher SPF (29.7% vs 54.8%). Girls seemed to have healthier attitudes compared to boys, but gender played no role with regard to knowledge levels. Also, place of residence did not play any role regarding knowledge levels, although those living in semi-urban areas seemed to have more unhealthy attitudes. Logistic regression by correlating knowledge and attitudes established that higher knowledge levels are usually accompanied by healthier attitudes, albeit marginally. Conclusions: The intervention had a positive contribution to the student knowledge level regarding sun protection and also led to small improvements regarding some attitudes. Continuous similar interventions could lead to better results and the adoption of healthier attitudes.

• The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.759-777
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• 2010

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of patriarchal attitudes on the relationship between family violence witness and dating sexual violence among Korean college students. The participants were 383 college student (193 males and 190 females) who had the experience of dating relationship. The psychological tests used in this research included the following: Witness of Family Violence, Patriarchal Attitudes, Dating Sexual Violence Experiences. In order to verify the models, goodness of fit and significant paths were verified through structural equation model(SEM). According to the results, family violence witness, itself, had influence on male students' dating sexual assault, and patriarchal attitudes caused by family violence witness had influence on dating sexual assault. Also, family violence witness had influence on female students' dating sexual violence, and patriarchal attitudes caused by family violence witness had influence on dating sexual violence.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.109-132
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• 2012

This study explores how unmarried workers use their leisure time according to the 2009 Korean Time Use Survey. The purposes of this study are: 1) to investigate leisure time as it relates to leisure participation rates and leisure participation time and 2) to analyze the effect of socio-demographic variables on leisure time and leisure participation by unmarried workers. The following is a summary of the major findings. First, leisure participation differed with variations in leisure activities. Unmarried workers participated in media contact, human relations activities, and hobby activities more than other activities. Participation in learning activities was higher on weekdays than on Sunday. Men participated in sports and outdoor activities more than women on Sundays. The participation rate of media contact was the highest, while the participation rate of volunteer activities was the lowest. Second, influencing factors on leisure time included gender, age, monthly income, and gender role attitudes when work time was controlled. For example, unmarried workers with egalitarian attitudes spent less leisure time. Third, gender was the strongest determinant of leisure participation. The probability of women's leisure participation was higher than men except in regards to sports and outdoor activities, and hobby activities.