The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous ghrelin on the behaviors, weight gain, and feed intakes of weanling piglets. A total of 25 pairs of Duroc$\times$Landrace$\times$Large White piglets weaned at 21 days of age were used in this experiment which finished on day 36. Each pair of healthy piglets from the same litter with similar body weight and of the same gender were selected and randomly arranged to ghrelin or control groups. Thus, there were 50 piglets (ghrelin 25; control 25) kept in 10 pens (ghrelin 5; control 5) and 5 piglets per pen. Initial body weight of the pigs did not differ between the control and ghrelin treatment ($7.43{\pm}0.17kg$; p = 0.81). Experimental pigs were infused with ghrelin ($1{\mu}g/d$ pig) via the marginal ear vein between 0750 and 0800 h at 22, 23, 24 days of age. Control pigs were infused with 0.9% saline. Feed consumption was measured on days 23, 24, 25, 29 and 36. Body weight was measured on days 22, 23, 24, 25, 29 and 36. Behavior data of individual piglets were collected by real-time observation from 0800-1500 h through remote supervisory equipment at 22, 23 and 24 days of age. The results indicated that ghrelin infusion could increase drinking (p<0.05) and lying behaviors (p<0.01) and decrease mounting behaviors (p<0.05). No significant influence of ghrelin was found on average daily weight gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in this experiment (p>0.05). In conclusion, exogenous ghrelin by the method above and at the dosage of $1{\mu}g/d$ pig could cause a variety of behavioral effects, but not improve performance of weanling piglets.
Purpose - This study aims to examine the correlations between relationship benefits, quality, and continuity intention of community services. It further investigates the mediation effect of relationship quality operating on the association between relationship benefits and relationship continuity intention. Thus, this study will aim to elucidate the correlations between relationship benefits, quality and community services intention. Research design, data, and methodology - To achieve these objectives, this study executed a questionnaire from the users of the child․adolescent psychological support service which represents part of community services. The research framework that was utilized in this study was of three main factors. They were relationship quality, relationship benefits, and intention of relationship continuity. In relationship quality, factors such as trust and commitment was included in this section. For relationship benefits, factors such as society benefits and commitment benefits were the essence. The control variable in this study was gender, age, income, hours of service used, and the number of times service was used in community services. Results - The key research findings are as follows. First, this study found out that the more the social benefits was enhanced in the community services, the higher the relationship continuity intention was. Second, this study has found out that the higher the trust of community services, the higher the relationship continuity intention. Third, this study has shown that the more the relationship benefits was enhanced in the community services, the higher the recognition by the users' relationship quality was. Fourth, the trust in the community services played a mediating role between the relationship benefits and relationship continuity intention. Conclusions - Many associations could be discovered on the correlations between relationship benefits, quality, and community service continuality intention. These results will have important implications for the future of child and adolescent psychological support services. In terms of relationship marketing, the three factors; benefits, quality, and continuity intention in community services were proved to be pivotal. In order for the continuity intention in community services, the two factors of benefits and quality were the influential factors. From a policy maker's standpoint, the relationship continuity was the most important factor.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.21
no.10
/
pp.406-414
/
2020
The Farm-Closure Assistance (FCA) program is operated to compensate for lost farm income, to stabilize the management of low-competitive farms, and to enhance competitiveness of target items. The FCA, however, has several problems, such as the balloon effect and fraudulent receipts. Therefore, it is important to examine the operational problems of the FCA, establish improvement plans, and settle the measures. The objectives of this study are to analyze problems and suggest solutions for FCA, reflecting the viewpoints of local government officials who are in charge of actual tasks on the FCA front lines. The study analyzes whether characteristics of government officials lead to differences in setting the maximum amounts and extensions to FCA. Factors influencing the necessity of setting ceilings on FCA were work experience, recognition of agriculture's importance, and the FTA's impact on domestic agriculture, gender, and regions. Factors affecting the extension of FCA were the agency unit, work experience on the FTA, recognition of the effects of FTA direct payments and FCA, and recognition of the subsidy's direction. The results can be employed as a fundamental background that can set the direction for institutional improvement when the government tries to improve FCA.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.14
no.6
/
pp.2889-2897
/
2013
The purpose of this study was to analyze dental technician's individual competency and organizational commitment level and to examine its correlation. 200 dental technicians in Seoul, Incheon, and Chunchungnamdo area were selected. Survey was carried out from April 28, 2012 to May 25, 2012 by using self-administered questionnaire. As for the tools for this study, the structured questionnaire was used with its proven reliability and feasibility, and the contents of questionnaire consisted of 46 questions on the basis of related references. The subjects completed questionnaire regarding general characteristics, individual competency and organizational commitment. The data analysis was processed by computerized system with SPSS 18.0. Statistical analysis techniques included frequency, percentage, T-test, F-test analysis and regression analysis. As a result of analyzing the research subjects' individual competency level, there was significant difference in the item of age, marital status, residence area, carrier, job position, education(P<0.05). The average in the individual competency was indicated to be high with 3.68. As a result of analyzing the research subjects' organizational commitment level, there was difference in the item of gender, age, marital status, residence area, carrier, job position, education(P<0.05). The average of organizational commitment was indicated to be high with 3.46. Correlation between individual competency and organizational commitment, most of variables were indicated to have correlation, thereby having been shown that the more individual competency leads to the more organizational commitment.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.18
no.12
/
pp.276-285
/
2017
The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of emotional labor on casino dealers' burnout and depression. Burnout is a big problem which thwarts their professionalism and effectualness and the effectiveness of the service they provide. Depression is a core factor which affects one's mental health. To analyze the effects of emotional labor on casino workers' burnout and depression, we conducted a survey of 606 casino dealers of H resort and analyzed the results. Burnout was measured in terms of the client-related burnout and work-related burnout by the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), and depression was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The research findings are as follows. First, the level of emotional labor (3.50) was higher than the mid-point on the 4 point Likert scale, and the work-related burnout (3.86) and client-related burnout (3.91) were higher than the mid-point on the 5 point Likert scale. Second, emotional labor was correlated to their depression and burnout. Third, emotional labor showed a significant difference according to gender, while burnout showed significant differences according to age, position and term of service. Fourth, emotional labor had an effect on the casino dealers' burnout and depression. We discussed the implications of these findings and possible strategies to alleviate this situation, for example, the passing of a law and development of an employee assistance program (EAP) to prevent their burnout and reduce their depression.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.19
no.9
/
pp.156-165
/
2018
The purpose of this study was to provide a basic data required to improve the satisfaction of life in college students. A sample of 607 students attending the university in Incheon, Korea completed a survey, which consisted of a quality of life questionnaire and sociodemographic inventory. The data were collected between November 14 and November 30, 2016. Data analysis was performed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. The subjective quality of life was significantly correlated with self-leadership (r=.279, p<0.01) and rejection sensitivity (r=-.224, p<0.01). The significant predictors that influence the quality of life of subjects were satisfaction in major, natural reward strategies, gender, anticipated anxiety and grade, in which 27.6% (F=47.27, p<0.01) was the explained variance. (Ed note: confirm) This study showed that rejection sensitivity and self-leadership were significant factors that influenced college students' subjective quality of life. Therefore, college administrators may consider developing educational programs about rejection sensitivity and self-leadership for college students to improve subjective quality of life.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.21
no.3
/
pp.529-536
/
2020
This study aims to provide the basic data for coffee intake and health promotion by examining the conditions in which Korean adults consume the most coffee. The study used raw data from the second year of the 7th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017), and 3,325 subjects who were 19 years of age or older and who were not missing the required values. This number used as the average amount of coffee drank per day in the past year is at least one cup. In order to identify factors that affect coffee intake, the model included general characteristics such as gender, age, household income, education level, occupation, health behaviors such as smoking, drinking, high intensity and moderate intensity exercises, walking, physical activity during work and leisure, sleep time, stress and depression. The results showed that coffee intake was lower among women than men, coffee intake was higher for people 40-64 years than people 20-39 years old, physical occupations rather than non-physical occupations, smokers rather than non-smokers, and for high stress rather than low stress in life. Subjects with these factors are considered to be at risk of excessive caffeine intake from coffee. The risk group of this study should be studied for the effect of excessive consumption of coffee on personal health.
The purpose of this study is to improve social protection and benefits for pregnant women with the usage of LED care emblem. The study was conducted in the Seoul Metro by two research assistants on January 20th to 30th, 2015. One of subjects wore the LED care emblem and the other was present to record the data. An experiment was carried out total 60 times by wearing LED care emblem in 2 positions ((a) necklace and (b) bag), and 3 usages of Light ((1) Constant light, (2) No light which is like existing care emblem, and (3) blinking light at one-second intervals). Experimental results show there was a significant difference depending on the type of light. Mostly seat offering was the type of light (1) Constant light and it has 8 times (13.4%). The type of light (3) blinking light at one-second intervals has only 2 times (3.4%) seat offering. However, there were no seat offerings at the type of light (2) No light. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in wearing position, time, the number of people in the train and gender. This study suggests that it is necessary to make LED care emblem with constant light in order to induce spontaneous seat offering.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.15
no.8
/
pp.4961-4971
/
2014
With regard to gaining employment for specialized high school graduates, what are the significant factors? Along with specialized high school's employment support, facility and subject support, vocational ability support, career guidance, and employment support are implemented at school. At the same time, individuals are learning career preparation behavior and job search behavior. Those factors influence the career maturity. Therefore, a question is, "Do they finally affect employment?" The independent variables were composed of satisfaction on school support, such as facility and subject support, career preparation behavior at home, pre-job search behavior, and career maturity. A structural equation was created and an analysis was conducted. As a result of the analysis, the satisfaction on school support has significant impacts on career maturity and career preparation behavior at home and influences on employment directly or indirectly. The career preparation behavior at home not only has a direct impact on employment, but also increases the pre- job search behavior and career maturity. In particular, it was confirmed that the career preparation behavior at home is the main factor to increase employment via the pre-job search behavior. Considering the effects among the factors in gender, the satisfaction on school support directly increases employment, particularly for women. Therefore, high-quality school support programs should be enhanced, focusing on employment support programs for women. In addition, as satisfaction on school support increases, women are more likely to undergo career preparation behavior at home. This suggests that the career preparation behavior for females, such as conversation about career, is a critical factor to increasing employment unlike males. Therefore, support programs for women that is aimed at parents should be developed.
The purpose of this study was to develop a program for the history of science and technology in order for the technical high school students to understand the nature of science (NOS). The program was composed of the six topics based on the textbooks such as convergence science and physics I, and was taught to 290 10th graders at a technical high school located in the metropolitan area. The questionnaire about NOS was asked the students before and after the instruction, so as to investigate the effect of the program on improving their understandings of NOS. The analysis followed t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 23.0 for Windows program. The questionnaire based on the conceptual framework of the four themes of the NOS (Lee, 2014). The research findings were as follows. First, the program was effective in improving their understanding of NOS since the t-test result was significant statistically for the overall domains of NOS (p<.01). Second, there was no significant gender differences in the understanding of NOS among technical high school students (p<.05), neither did their majors (p<.05). Third, all domains in NOS were statistically correlated (p<.01), and in a particular, each domain was consistently correlated with the aspect of the nature of the interactions among science, technology, and society. Hence, the further studies should be conducted to examine how the history of science and technology effects the understanding of the NOS and how the domains in NOS affected each other.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.