• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.378-387
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the volatile flavor composition of essential oils from Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura and Aster yomena Makino. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation extraction method from the aerial parts of the plants were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). One hundred (95.04%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from the C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura. The major compounds were valencene (10.82%), ${\delta}$-cadinol (9.77%), hexadecanoic acid (8.70%), 2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl) but-2-en-1-ol (3.67%), and 2-(2,4-hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,4]non-3-ene (3.57%). Ninety-eight (93.83%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from the Aster yomena Makino. The major compounds were and 3-eicosyne (13.61%), 9,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid (7.8%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene alcohol (6.83%), 9-octadecynoic acid (6.03%), and ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene (5.74%). Although the two plants are apparently very similar, the chemical composition of the essential oils was significantly different in quality and quantity. In the case of C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura, the sesquiterpene, valencene was found to be 10.82%, but it was not identified in A. yomena Makino. ${\delta}$-Cadinol appeared higher in C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura than in A. yomena Makino. A clear characteristic of A. yomena Makino essential oil is that it has a high content of caryophyllene derivatives. The ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene alcohol contained in A. yomena Makino was relatively high at 6.83%, although the compound was not identified in C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura. Also ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene was shown to be higher in A. yomena Makino than in C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.964-971
• /
• 1995

키조개 부산물로 부터 향미제로 응용하기 위하여 제조한 가수분해물의 유리아미노산 및 휘발성 향기성분을 분석한 결과, 유리아미노산의 경우 가수분해물이 생시료에 비해 3배 이상 증가하였으며 taurine의 함량이 가장 많았다. 그리고 생시료와 가수분해물의 휘발성 향기성분을 분석한 결과 총 109종의 화합물이 동정되었는데 이중에서 생시료는 88종, 가수분해물은 65종이 검출되었다. 그리고 이들은 주로 알데히드류(16종), 케톤류(17종), 알콜류(31종), 함질소화합물류(16종), 방향족화합물류(8종), 에스테르류(3종) 및 기타 화합물류(17종)으로 구성되어 있었다. 특히 생시료에서의 산화취 성분인 알데히드류 및 방향족화합물은 가수분해물에서 상당량 감소되었으며 반면에 고소한 향기성분인 heterocyclic 화합물이 상당량 검출되었다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.150-156
• /
• 2013

A total of 48 different volatile oils were identified form P. brevitarsis larvae by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Acids (48.67%) were detected as the major group in P. brevitarsis larvae comprising the largest proportion of the volatile compounds, followed by esters (19.84%), hydrocarbons (18.90%), alcohols (8.37%), miscellaneous (1.71%), aldehydes (1.35%) and terpenes (1.16%). The major volatile constituents were 9-hexadecenoic acid (16.75%), 6-octadecenoic acid (14.88%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (11.06%). The composition of fatty acid was also determined by GC analysis and 16 fatty acids were identified. The predominant fatty acids were oleic acid ($C_{18:1}$, 64.24%) followed by palmitic acid ($C_{16:0}$, 15.89%), palmitoleic acid ($C_{16:1}$, 10.43%) and linoleic acid ($C_{18:2}$, 4.69%) constituting more than 95% of total fatty acids. The distinguished characteristic of the fatty acid profile of P. brevitarsis larvae was the high proportion of unsaturated fatty acid (80.54% of total fatty acids) versus saturated fatty acids (19.46% of total fatty acids). Furthermore, small but significant amounts of linoleic, linolenic and ${\gamma}$-linolenic acids bestow P. brevitarsis larvae with considerable nutritional value. The novel findings of the present study provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of the insect as a nutritionally promising food source and a possibility for more effective utilization.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.178-183
• /
• 2017

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder which affects millions of population worldwide. Global estimates published in 2010 reported the world diabetic prevalence as 6.4%, affecting 285 million adults. Foot ulceration and wound infection are major forms of disabilities arising from diabetic diseases. This study was aimed to develop a natural antimicrobial finishing on medical grade textile that meets American Association of Textiles Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) standard. The textile samples were finished with the ethanolic extract of Penicillium amestolkiae elv609, an endophytic fungus isolated from Orthosiphon stamineus Benth (common name: cat's whiskers). Endophyte is defined as microorganism that reside in the living plant tissue, without causing apparent disease symptom to the host. The antimicrobial efficacy of the ethanolic extract of P. minioluteum was tested on clinical pathogens isolated from diabetic wound. The extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity against 4 bacteria and 1 yeast with the minimal inhibitory concentration ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The results indicate different susceptibility levels of the test microorganism to the ethanolic extract. However, the killing activity of the extract was concentration-dependent. The finished medical textile showed excellent antimicrobial efficacy on AATCC test assays. All the microbial cultures treated with the textile sample displayed a growth reduction of 99.9% on Hoheinstein Challenge Test. The wash durability of the finished textile was found good even after 50 washes with commercial detergent. Besides, the gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that 6-octadecenoic acid and diethyl phthalate were the main bioactive constituents of the extract. In conclusion, the developed medical textile showed good antimicrobial efficacy on laboratory tests. This work can be extended to in vivo trials for developing healthcare textile products for antimicrobial applications.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.564-569
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 해양 미세조류에서 추출한 물질에 대한 광 발광(Photoluminescence) 측정 및 GC-MS 분석을 통해 유기발광다이오드 소자로 이용 가능한 물질을 탐색하고자 하였다. 국내에서 주로 서식하는 해양 미세조류 14종의 추출물을 분획으로 얻었으며 광 발광 측정 결과, Nitzschia denticula, Navicula cacellata, Nannochloropsis salina 총 3종의 추출물에서 광 발광 반응이 나타났다. 광 발광 반응을 보인 물질의 특성을 알아내기 위해 GC-MS로 분석하였으며, 그 결과 3종의 추출물이 imidazole, purine 및 quinoline기를 가진다는 것을 확인하였고, 이 계열의 물질들이 광 발광에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.371-381
• /
• 2010

The pine needles can be used for four seasons in normal living and it can be taken friendly everywhere as it is distributed over 50% in Korea. The pine needles consist of vitamins, protein, minerals, essential oil and enzyme related to antimicrobial activity. It has effect like high blood pressure, neuralgia and hanged over by terpene, glucokinin, rutin, apigenic acid and tannin. Also the extract of them can be used for dyeing of fabrics. However, the extract components and effects of them are not well known yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the volatile components of the pine needles extract and functionality. The pine needles extract was dyed into various fabrics(nylon, silk, wool and soybean) and mordanted with Al, Cu, Cr, Fe and Sn. The extracted aroma compounds were compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major volatile compounds of pine needles verified by using SPME were alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, beta-phellandrene, caryophyllene, ethanon, benzen. A total of 15 compounds were identified by using the SPME fibers. In the UV-visible spectra, the maximum absorption of wavelength of the pine needles ethanol extract appeared at 460, 630nm for chlorophyll component and at 237, 281nm for tannin component with the pine needles distilled water extract. Most of sample showed high antibacterial effect in none mordant but wool fabric showed high antibacterial effect in mordants. The result of UV block test showed a superior ability of blocking ultraviolet ray infiltration in all sample.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.321-329
• /
• 2015

The present study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of essential oils. For this purpose, 18 essential oil samples extracted from Korean plants and 64 commercial essential oils were screened for their phytotoxic potential against the seedling growth of Brassica napus L. (rapeseed). Among the 82 samples, 11 commercial oils (cinnamon, citronella, clove, cumin seed, geranium, jasmine, lemongrass, palmarosa, pimento, rose otto and spearmint) strongly inhibited the seedling growth with $GR_{50}$ value < $150{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. Major components from these effective essential oils were identified by solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS). GC-MS analyses revealed that the effective samples mainly consist of benzyl benzoate, carvone, citral, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, D-limonene and terpinene. Subsequently, bioactivity of these individual components was evaluated against the seedling growth of B. napus, Echinochloa crus-galli and Aeschynomene indica. The components from different chemical groups exhibited different potency in inhibiting the seedling growth with varied $GR_{50}$ values ranged from $29{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ to > $1000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. In the greenhouse experiment, citral and geraniol completely suppressed the growth of all the tested 10 plants at $100kg\;ha^{-1}$. In conclusion, the individual essential oil components geraniol and citral could be used as natural herbicides for weed management.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.210-215
• /
• 2012

무기첨가제의 조성이 다른 EPDM 복합체를 준비하여 $90^{\circ}C$ 공기와 수돗물에서 각각 7일간 노화시켜 백화현상을 관찰하였다. 공기 중에서 노화시킨 시험편들은 모두 백화가 발생하지 않았으나, 수돗물에서 노화시킨 시험편들 중 스테아린산이 함유된 시험편들은 백화가 심하게 발생하였다. 무기첨가제의 조성에 따른 백화 현상의 차이는 없었다. 백화 물질을 가스 크로마토그래피/질량분석법(GC/MS), 영상 분석(image analysis), 에너지 분산 X-선 분광법(EDX), 감쇠 전반사-후리에 변환 적외선 분광법(ATR-FTIR)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 백화 물질은 스테아린산의 금속염이라는 것을 확인하였다. 스테아린산의 금속염은 수돗물에 존재하는 금속 이온과 시험편 내에 존재하는 스테아린산과의 반응에 의해 형성된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.421-427
• /
• 1996

한국의 발초식품 중 가장 많이 섭취하고 있는 김치 중에서 배추김치를 각 지방에서 15개, 시중에서 판매 되고 있는 5개를 수집하여 김치의 특성을 고려하여 ethyl carbamate의 부분 정제를 시도하였다. 단계별 효율을 검색하면서 에틸아세테이트로 추출하여 불용성 고분자 물질과 수용성 물질을 제거하고, $C_{18}$ 수지로 소수성 색소를 제거한 후 알루미나, Florisil을 순차적으로 통과시켜서 수분과 비극성 물질을 제거하는 부분 정제법을 정립하였다. 가스 크로마토그래프 상에 분리된 표준 ethyl carbamate 피크와 같은 시간에 검출된 김치 추출액의 피크의 질량 분석 스펙트럼을 비교한 결과, 분자 이온 m/z 89와 m/z 74.62 토막 이온이 공통적으로 나타났다. 선택 이온 모드로 감도와 선택성이 가장 좋은 Mxlafferty 토막 이온 m/z 62에서 정량한 결과 ethyl carbamate의 범위는 검출 한계 농도 이하부터 4.6 ppb까지 분포하였으며, 김치의 숙성이 진행될수록 ethyl carbamate 농도는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이 양은 다른 식이는 고려하지 dskg고 김치에서만 하루에 섭취하는 ethyl carbamate 양으로 추정하였을 때, 사람에게 실질적으로 안전하다고 보고된 양 정도의 수준에 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.512-519
• /
• 1994

박하를 대상으로 재배조건 및 수확시기에 빠른 방향 성분의 함량변화를 조사한 결과 박하의 생육은 비닐보온시험구에서 초기에 왕성한 생육을 보였지만, 수확기가 가까와 짐에 따라 다른 시험구와 유사하게 성장하였으며, 강유량과 일조시간에 따라 줄기와 잎의 성장속도에서 매우 많은 차이를 보였다. 수확시기에 따른 조성분의 변화는 l-menthone의 l-menthol로의 환원과정이 일조시간의 차이에 따라 그 진행속도가 빨라졌으며, 수확말기에 가서는 특히 menthofuran의 함량이 급속히 증가하는 현상을 보였다. 따라서 전체적으로 정유 조성분의 비율이 가장 양호한 시험구는 7월 5일과 7월 7일 수확분으로서, 이 시기가 수확 적기임을 알 수 있었고 정유의 우율도 이 시기에 가장 높게 확인되었다.