• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.89-92
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• 2022

In this study, the effects of soil conditions on antioxidant activities of the aerial and underground parts of rosemary were assessed to determine the most effective soil conditions for cultivation. The antioxidant activity was the highest (51.58±2.93 ㎍/mL) when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil and vermiculite using DPPH assay. The antioxidant activity of underground parts the highest (127.48±12.38 ㎍/mL) when cultivated in the mixture of soil, vermiculite, and perlite. ABTS assay showed that the antioxidant activity of aerial parts was 230.34±57.93 ㎍·mL^-1 when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil and vermiculite and that of underground parts was 320.98±16.04 ㎍·mL^-1 when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil, vermiculite, and perlite. The total phenolic content of aerial parts was the highest (155.25±2.96 mg GAE/g) when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil. The total flavonoid content of aerial parts was the highest (67.32±5.27 mg QE/g) when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil. Therefore, the mixture of gardening soil, vermiculite, and perlite is superior to gardening soil alone for cultivation of rosemary to increase its antioxidant activity as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2015

Recently the roof gardening has become very popular and even on the apartment-veranda and on the roofs in high buildings many kinds of vegetables and berries are cultivated. And the demand of the nutritional supplement for the effective plant growth is also increasing. The general urban conditions are to be adapted for plant growth. A different hygroscopic and temperature-conditions after regions, sunshine and wind have strong influences on the plant growth and usually it is not optimal enough. It is because why a nutritional condition in soil for plant growth so important and essential. The usual compound-soil or -fertilizer cannot offer enough quantities of nutrients for plant growth and additional soil conditioner becomes more necessary. There are many kinds of soil conditioners like hydrogel in the market and we studied on Geohumus, Montigel and Geko, which are widely used in Europe and other countries. Water absorption and microbial immobilization with effective microorganisms were tested and compared. The EM solution was identified as bacteria, fungi and azotobacter etc. and they were immobilized at the soil conditioners at first. And the cultivated and immobilized at the soil conditioners EM-solution was added to the plant soil. 1 g of the soil conditioners absorbed ca. 20 g of water. The plant grew 10 cm more, got 3 times more branches and 2 times more fruits in the soil with soil conditioners immobilized with microorganisms. With water addition the plant with both conditions in the soil could stay fresh in comparison to without soil conditioners.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2019

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous organisms that are generally found not only in the natural environment but also in the human engineered environment, including water, soil, and dust. These organisms can form biofilms and can be readily aerosolized because they are hydrophobic owing to the presence of the lipid-rich outer membrane. Aerosolization and subsequent inhalation were the major route of NTM lung disease. Water distribution systems and household plumbing are ideal habit for NTM and the main transmission route from natural water to household. NTM have been isolated from drinking water, faucets, pipelines, and water tanks. Studies that used genotyping have shown that NTM isolates from patients are identical to those in the environment, that is, from shower water, showerheads, tap water, and gardening soil. Humans are likely to be exposed to NTM in their homes through simple and daily activities, such as drinking, showering, or gardening. In addition to environmental factors, host factors play an important role in the development of NTM lung disease. The incidence and prevalence of NTM lung disease are increasing worldwide, and this disease is rapidly becoming a major public health problem. NTM lung disease is associated with substantially impaired quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality, and high medical costs. A more comprehensive understanding of the infection source and epidemiology of NTM is essential for the development of new strategies that can prevent and control NTM infection.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to understand the current status of education and programs and to identify the items that urban residents need most for garden management. First of all, there were 45 sites (40.5%) with gardens operated by city and county local governments nationwide, and 41(91.1%) of them had dedicated staff (1.8 persons on average). The average area of gardens was 18,623 m², garden area per person was 20.27m², the average number of participants was 683, and the average period of use was 8.69 months. In addition to gardening activities, 14 (31.1%) out of 45 sites were operating small group meetings, with an average of 2.29 meetings and 67 participants. In the satisfaction survey after gardening activities, 88.9% of 18 sites were satisfied. According to the questionnaire about education and programs related to garden users, an average of four sessions were conducted per education. In terms of education, the contents were in the following order: basic education on garden cultivation (33.9%) > prior education on garden operation (28.9%) > pest control (14.0%) > eco-friendly management (11.6%) > pesticides and Positive List System (9.9%) > others (1.7%). Over 95% of the respondents were generally satisfied. Regarding the perception survey on which items are needed to develop garden management guidelines, the most necessary items were in the order of crop management (38.7%) > public garden etiquettes among users (27.9%) > pest control (14.4%) > weed management (13.5%) > activities using harvest (5.4%). The contents that are to be included in the guidelines were in the order of garden planning and crop selection (17.2%) > cultivation techniques and schedule (16.5%) > pest and soil management (15.7%) > introduction of garden crops and gardening models (12.7%) > garden etiquettes (10.7%). In establishing urban garden management plans by region, the results will have high utility value as the basic data for continuous garden operation by setting a direction that meets the regional characteristics as well as the needs of urban residents.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2009

본 연구는 저토심형 옥상녹화 시스템 개발을 위하여 제안된 공법의 특징, 경제성, 자생 및 도입 지피식물류의 생육상태를 분석하여 생육 적정성을 파악하고자 하였다. 저토심 인공지반 녹화공법은 세립토양필터가 붙은 1cm 롤형 배수판 위에 7.5cm 두께의 암면매트를 설치, 그 위에 4.5cm의 상토층을 조성하여 배수판을 포함한 전체 토심은 13cm이었다. 설계가 기준으로 공법별 토양층 공사비를 살펴보면 세덤블럭공법이 89,433원/$m^2$이었고, 저배수공법이 92,550원/$m^2$이 소요되는 것과 비교한 결과에서 저토심 인공지반 녹화공법의 토양층 조성 공사비는 45,000원/$m^2$으로 기존 저토심 옥상 녹화공법보다 경제적으로 50% 정도 원가절감 효과가 있었다. 저토심 인공지반 녹화공법의 유효성 검토를 위해 대한주택공사 2층 옥상부에 실험구를 설치하고, 초본식물 생육조사를 위해 국내에 도입되고 있는 옥상녹화 초본류 중 활용빈도가 높은 종들을 대상으로 자생종 및 도입종별 피복률, 생체중량, 건체중량을 측정하였다. 자생종인 기린초, 애기기린초, 두메부추, 돌나물, 매발톱꽃, 층꽃나무 등은 저토심 인공지반 녹화공법에서 피복률 증가와 함께 생체중량, 건체중량이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 도입종에 있어 스프리움, 리플렉섬도 비슷한 경향을 보였으나, 일부 종에서는 잡초관리가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 결과적으로 저토심 인공지반 녹화공법은 저비용으로 옥상녹화가 가능한 것으로 분석되었고, 식물생육도 양호한 것으로 나타나 도심 내 옥상녹화의 보급화에 기여할 것으로 기대되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2018

The historical exchanges between the Republic of Korea and Japan have broadly occurred, in terms of both political and cultural aspects, from ancient to modern times. Regarding ancient gardening culture, in particular, Asuka developed gardens with the gardening techniques passed down by the Baekje people. The development of the basic form of a garden pond along with its characteristics, established through such exchanges, is suggested by investigating its components through analysis of data from the gardens of Baekje and Asuka. In terms of the garden pond structure, homogeneity was confirmed between Baekje and Asuka, with a linear rectangular form as the basic design. In addition, the vertical construction technique was used by both ancient kingdoms. In terms of the types of stone used in building the shore of the garden pond, Baekje used diverse types such as natural stone, crushed stone, and cut stone. In contrast, rounded river stone was used by Asuka. Regarding the floor of the garden pond, Baekje used soil, which enabled the planting of lotus flowers. In contrast, Asuka used stones to pave pond floors, which made the growth of plants impossible. In terms of layout, Baekje used ornamental stones for pond landscaping, while Asuka used manmade island and water intake facilities in their pond construction. The effects of Baekje's garden culture on Asuka's garden building can be seen from its influence on the form of the garden pond and shore construction style. In terms of the construction of the garden pond's shore with the same stones and the stone flooring, the garden ponds of the Asuka Kingdom reveal technically unified and refined aspects.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1998

Carbonized rice husk(char from rice husk) can be used to improve soils for planting, seedlings, horiculture, pomiculture and truck gardening. Although it is not a fertilizer in nature, it stimulates the growth of plants. Carbonized rice husk is highly recommended for raising soil/water temperature, keeping moisture and aerating roots of plants. The objective of this study was to develop the effective production method of carbonized rice husks by a non-slagging vertical cyclone combustor. A cyclone combustor w vortex collecor Pocket in addition to central collector pocket was selected and tested. Isothermal tests and mixed firing with LPG and rice husk were performed in order to characterize the system. hut rice husk was used during the isothermal test to find the mass collected of rice husk. It was impossible to ignite rice husk itself over the experimental conditions considered in this experiment. The composition of original and carbonized rice husks was analyzed by the ultimate analysis. With the air flow rate of 20 ㎥/h, LPG flow rate of 0.45 1/min, the required carbonized rice husk could be obtained.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.715-725
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• 2012

본 연구는 공동생활주택에서 발생하는 음식물 쓰레기를 지렁이먹이로 공급하기 위하여 먹이로 조제하는 방법을 제시하고 생산한 분변토를 텃밭이나 옥상 농원 등에 채소 재배 용도로 사용하기 위해 지렁이 분변토 적정 혼합비율을 규명하였다. 음식물쓰레기는 수거 후 kg 당 수돗물 15L로 세척하여 햇빛에 물기가 제거될 정도로 건조하여 달걀껍질을 혼합하여 65~70%로 수분을 조절한 것을 지렁이 먹이로 사용하였다. 처리는 무처리(일반 채소재배용 상토, 서울바이오), 100% 지렁이 분립, 지렁이 분립을 상토(서울바이오상토)에 30, 50, 70%를 혼합하여 재배토양을 조제하였다. 각 처리구에 열무(청농춘하열무, 청농(주))와 엇갈이배추(대농, 대농종묘(주))를 공시하여 2012년 6월 4일부터 9월 15일까지 서울시 서초구 내곡동 서울특별시 농업기술센터 플라스틱하우스 내에서 재배하였다. 수확 후 생육특성 조사결과 열무의 경우 지렁이 분립 70% 혼합 처리구에서 엽폭은 7.85cm로 고도로 유의성이 있었고, 지상부 생체중을 조사한 결과 지렁이 분립 혼합비율 70% 처리구는 중량이 식물체당 129.92mg로 높았고, 지상부 건조중도 지렁이 분립 혼합비율 70%처리구가 10.25mg으로 유의성이 있었다. 열무의 생육특성 조사결과 지렁이 분립 70%처리구가 생육이 가장 적합했다. 엇갈이 배추의 생육특성 조사결과 초장은 지렁이 분립 50% 처리구에서 24.32cm로 가장 길게 나타났고 고도의 유의성이 있었다. 엽폭은 지렁이 분립 50% 처리구에서 9.79cm로 유의하였다. 지상부 생체중은 지렁이분립 50% 처리구에서 식물체당 185.08mg으로 무거웠으며, 지하부 생체중은 30, 70% 처리구가 각각 24.09mg, 23.96mg으로 높게 조사되었다. 지상부 및 지하부 건조중은 50% 처리구가 각각 15.63mg, 7.03mg으로 가장 높게 측정되었다. 엇갈이배추의 생육 특성 조사 결과 지렁이 분립 50% 처리구가 생육에 효과적이었다. 본 연구 결과 음식물 쓰레기를 지렁이 먹이로 공급하여 생산한 분변토를 텃밭이나 옥상 농원 등에 봄, 가을철 주요 채소인 열무와 엇갈이배추의 재배 용토에 혼합하여 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2004

This study has been conducted to develop a new recycling technology of sewage sludge using a carbonization process. The carbonizing yield, the calorific value and EC(electric conductivity) of carbonized sewage sludge had a tendency to be decreased with increase of the carbonizing temperature and time, but pH and the C/N were increased with increase the carbonizing temperature and time. The whole pore volume of carbonized sludge processed in the carbonizing furnace was /g, which was smaller than that in the electric furnace. But, the rates of mesopore and macropore were found to account for 100% therein. Rate of color and organic materials removal for dyeing wastewater were determined 70~97%, 78~83% on cotton yarn, 88~96%, 69~80% on wool wastewater and 77~89%, 77~87% on towel compared with powder activated carbon. Effect of carbonized sludge on chrysanthemum growth was investigated. Plant height and number of leaves was better mixture of carbonized sludge than comparison.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-43
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• 2013

Tasmania with its clean air, isolated from mainland Australia, has been producing high-quality agricultural products and has been continually developing organic farming since 1946 when the Living Soil Association of Tasmania(LSAT) was established. The organic farming movement in Tasmania has been actively advocated through three steps: the philosophical embryonic period, the movement diffusion period and the industrialised development period. The campaigns for informing about the connection between healthy soil and life unfolded during the embryonic period. This was followed by the birth of publicity of organic farming and the certification system through the dissemination of organic farming techniques and various events related to agriculture in the diffusion period when the Organic Gardening and Farming Society(OGFS) was established in 1972. In the industrialised development period, The Organic Coalition of Tasmania (OCT) which is representative of Tasmania was organised in 2000 and has been leading the organic farming industry. The organic farming movement in Tasmania not only limits the use of artificial agricultural chemical but pursues the quality of food, environment, the health of life including all animals and plants, the issue of development in rural society, social justice, and equity in understanding. It is far more holistic in its philosophy. The output of organic food accounts for 1 % of the total amount of agricultural production and 150 certified organic farms have managed with 5,000ha of land in 2010. The supply channels for organic foods vary from farmer's market, specialty stores, supermarket chains, local store to the cooperative community. Also the consumers' behaviour for organic foods has been establishing as an alternative life style. The education of the value and role of organic farming on the environment should be enlarged for the consumption of the organic food. In addition, organising for small farmers who act individually and the link with differentiated local food have still remained issues.