• 제목/요약/키워드: Gap Effect

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대전원교학생대가배점중요성적감지화타문광고가배점지후적만의도지간적차거대타문구매행위적영향(大专院校学生对咖啡店重要性的感知和他们光顾咖啡店之后的满意度之间的差距对他们购买行为的影响) (The Effect of the Gap between College Students' Perception of the Importance of Coffee Shops and Their Satisfaction after Patronizing Coffee Shops on Their Purchasing Behavior)

  • Lee, Won-Ok
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2009
  • 本研究的目的是对咖啡店的 "重要性"(顾客在光顾咖啡店以前的感知)和积极或消极的 "满意度"(顾客在光顾咖啡店以后的感受)之间的差距进行分类, 并分析这些差距对对购买行为的影响. 为此, 我使用重要性和满意度之间的差距作为选择咖啡店的解释变量, 并通过使用有序Probit模型(OPM)来实证分析差距对购买行为(整体满意度和愿意到再次光顾)的影响方向和大小. 先前使用IPA的研究评估了差距影响的方向和大小的象限, 但是在分析差距对顾客的影响方面却失败了. 在本研究中, 我评估了积极和消极的差距对顾客满意度和愿意去再光顾的影响. 通过使用OPM,我量化了积极和消极的差距对顾客整体满意度和愿意去再光顾的影响. 每个人的支出, 光顾的频率和购买咖啡的地方对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 光顾的频率, 在每人的支出之后, 然后是购买咖啡的地方对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 因此每个人的支出和光顾的频率对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 这一发现意味着一个在咖啡店每次或每周花费5000韩元的顾客的实际的满意度越高(差距), 其整体满意度和愿意去再光顾就越高. 虽然经济效益对总体满意度和愿意去再光顾有显著影响, 但是大专和大学的学生仍然愿意去咖啡馆并愿意消费5000韩元, 因为他们不只是购买咖啡本身而且将咖啡店作为其他活动的场所, 例如工作, 和朋友见面或是放松的地方. 学院和大学的学生还可以在咖啡店通过个人电脑上网, 看电影, 学习, 因此, 咖啡馆应对顾客提供适当的设施和服务. 咖啡店品牌的积极差距对愿意去再光顾有积极的影响表明顾客满意度越高, 顾客越愿意去再光顾. 另一方面, 这一因素的消极差距意味着顾客满意度越低, 顾客再光顾的意愿也越低. 因此, 在本研究中, 与其他评估的因素相比, 品牌因素对满意度有较大的影响. 鉴于国内咖啡文化变得越来越高级, 大专院校的学生对这一趋势也很敏感, 所以学生有很多可选择的品牌. 在韩国最高级的咖啡店, 外墙是玻璃建造的并可以打开, 内部是充满异国情调的开放式厨房. 这些高级咖啡店作为标志的功能复合大专院校学生的品味. 韩国咖啡店已成为一个文化品牌. 从品牌因素来看, 为了让顾客觉得这些咖啡店是高级的, 高质量的设备和提供更好服务的措施应当建立起来. 韩国咖啡馆作为蓬勃发展的行业品牌竞争加剧的结果表明, 提供与竞争对手不同的额外服务是有必要的. 顾客可以免费使用扫描仪. 另一个可以用来提高品牌的战略是提供和经营为集体学习而准备的讨论会议室. 如果咖啡馆采取这些类型的策略, 学院/大学的学生将更有可能认为他们承担的费用是值得的, 随后, 他们将可能更满足这些咖啡馆的品牌, 并更愿意再次光顾. 性别和学习年数对总体满意度和再光顾的意愿有最消极的营销. 女学生比男学生更容易满足和再光顾. 三, 四年级的学生比一, 二年级的学生更容易满足和再光顾. 喝咖啡的学生, 单独在咖啡店看书, 用笔记本电脑是很容易被注意到的. 高年级学生为了有效地利用时间用于自我发展和寻找工作往往独自光顾咖啡店. 从积极的差距来看, 经济效率这一因素对总体满意度和愿意再光顾有最大的影响. 与咖啡价格一起, 学生实际满意度(差距)越高, 总体满意度和再光顾的意愿也越高. 有消极差距的经济效率队再光顾有消极营销的结果表明较小的消极差距可以让再光顾的意愿更高. 在持续恶化的市场环境中, 坐落在大专院校附近的咖啡店采取诸如积分或会员卡, 和信用卡 公司的战略联盟, 发展套餐菜单或季节菜单和免费咖啡服务这些战略来提高竞争力. 就消极差距而言产品功率也有消极的影响, 这表明较高的负差距会导致较低的再光顾的意愿. 因为还有更多的客户比前几十年, 在这十年里更喜欢咖啡, 新一代的客户, 即学院/大学的学生, 希望除了咖啡还有更重菜单项目. 因此, 咖啡店应当增加配菜项目, 如华夫饼, 糕, 蛋糕, 三明治和沙拉. 例如, 星巴克韩国正在努力加强卖草莓糕, 艾草香味, 南瓜产品, 并提供免费的咖啡或奶油. 总而言之, 咖啡馆应注重提高其经济效率, 品牌和产品功率, 以加强大专院校学生的满意度. 由于店铺毗邻学大专院校可享受地缘优势, 就经济效率, 品牌和产品功率而言提供不同的服务, 很可能会提高客户满意度和回访. 咖啡厅的品牌, 因此, 应不断创新和变化, 以满足顾客的愿望. 由于这项研究只是针对在首尔的大专院校的学生, 需要针对不同地区和年龄组的比较研究来概括本研究的结果和建议.

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공압서보시스템에 의한 미세 간극제어 시스템 설계 (Fine Gap Control Using Pneumatic Servo System)

  • 김동환;김영진;정대화
    • 한국정밀공학회지
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    • 제19권12호
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 2002
  • A pneumatic servo system requiring a fine gap control in a photo-electric sensor which is used for a LCD array detection device is introduced. The gap controlled by the pneumatic servo system remains within around 50~80 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, and the system possesses an effect to eliminate undesirable particles on the LCD plate by blowing air out. The air flow rate is initially controlled by a servo valve and expanded by a booster valve, thus the controlled air pressure contributes to maintaining an appropriate gap between the LCD plate and photo-electric sensor An air floating plate of two degrees of freedom is designed and fabricated, and a fine tilting motion control is also implemented by assigning different gap commands. The pressure control and direct gap control are proposed, and each performance is verified experimentally.

이동 벽면에 의한 원형 실린더의 비대칭적 공력 발달에 관한 전산연구 (A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY ABOUT THE ASYMMETRIC AERODYNAMIC EVOLUTION AROUND A CIRCULAR CYLINDER CAUSED BY A MOVING WALL)

  • 정재윤;장조원
    • 한국전산유체공학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.64-70
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    • 2006
  • A Computational study was carried out in order to investigate the moving wall effect of a circular cylinder at a Reynolds number of $2.0{\times}10^4$. The viscous-incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and Spalart-Almaras turbulent model of the commercial CFD code were adopted for this numerical analysis. The moving wall was set parallel with the freestream, and moving speed was equal to the freestream velocity. The gap ratio is defined as the distance ratio between the circular cylinder diameter and the height from the moving wall. The results show that there is vortex shedding over the critical gap ratio and aerodynamic loads including amplitude and the Strouhal number change according to the gap ratio.

스플라인의 공차가 프로펠러 샤프트의 처짐에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of the Gap of Spline on the Deflection of Propeller Shaft)

  • 한동섭;이성욱;김용;한근조
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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    • pp.172-174
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    • 2007
  • A propeller shaft is the device which is used to transmit the power between two shafts in a vehicles, an industrial machinery, etc. The end of spline is worm due to the deflection of the propeller shaft, and a lifetime of it is reduced, because it for industrial machinery has the length of 2,500 mm, the weight of $300\;kg_{f},$ and the sliding distance of $\pm250\;mm.$ Accordingly in this study we analyzed the effect of the gap of spline on the deflection of a propeller shaft carrying out the finite element analysis, in order to determine the proper gap of spline to minimize the deflection of it. We adopt 10-kinds of gap of spline from 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm at interval of 0.05 mm as the design parameter for the finite element analysis and the centrifugal force as the load condition.

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Wide band-gap반도체의 물성 및 고주파용 전력소자의 응용 (Materials properties of wide band-gap semiconductors and their application to high speed electronic power devices)

  • 신무환
    • E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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    • 제9권9호
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    • pp.969-977
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    • 1996
  • 본고에서는 여러가지 Wide Band-gap중에서 특히 최근에 많은 관심을 끌고 있는 GaN와 4H-SiC, 6H0SiC의 전자기적 물성을 소개하고 현재 이들로부터 제작된 prototype소자들의 성능을 비교함으로써 그 발전현황을 알아보기로 한다. 본고에서 관심을 두는 소자분야는 광전소자(optoelectronic devices)라기보다는 고주파 고출력용 전력소자임을 밝힌다. 아울러 GaN로부터 제작된 MESFET(MEtal Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)소자의 고주파 대역에서의 Large-Signal특성을 Device/Circuit Model을 통하여 실험치와 비교하여보고 이로부터 최적화된 channel 구조를 갖는 소자구조에서의 RF특성을 조사한다.

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구조 진동 시스템을 이용한 흡차음재 음향 성능 실험시 공기 층 삽입의 효과 (The Effect of Air gap Insertion in Test Acoustic Performance of Sound Barrier using Structural Vibration System)

  • 신재성;강연중;성명호;김현석
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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    • pp.646-650
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, it is presented that the effect of air gap insertion in testing the transmission loss of sound barrier using structural vibration system. In this study, we use the APAMAT based on the structure-borne-noise. The measured results show that air gap insertion improves transmission loss as results of test based on the air-borne-noise. The measured results are compared with the predicted transmission loss using the transfer matrix method. The predicted results were found to be in reasonable agreement with measured results.

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단부교리를 고려한 L.I.M의 동작특성 해석(II) (The analysis of performance characteristics of a L.I.M with taken into consideration of end effect(II) -eddy current & air-gap flux density-)

  • 임달호;장석명
    • 대한전기학회논문지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.240-251
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    • 1987
  • In this paper, with the end effect taken into consideration, the fundamental characteristics of a linear induction motor-the eddy currents of the secondary conducting sheet (traveller), the flux density in the air gap-are analysed by means of electromagnetic field theory. Accordingly, the derived governing eqations of the chatacteristics with goodness factor, presents that it was possible not only to predict the performance characteristics, but to obtain the data that needs to optimize a design of a motor with the reduction of the end effect.

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Effect of PEO of PS-P2VP photonic gel films

  • Shin, Sung-Eui;Kim, Su-Young;Shin, Dong-Myung
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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    • pp.1405-1407
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    • 2009
  • We prepared polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (PSb-P2VP) lamellar films which is hydrophobic block-hydrophilic polyelectrolyte block polymer have 57 kg/mol-b-57 kg/mol. The result of UV-visible absorption spectra supported that effect of poly(ethylene oxide) on the band gap tuning of PS-P2VP photonic gel like salt effect.

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스핀트로닉스 소재로 사용될 수 있는 HgCdTe의 물리적 성질 : Rashbar effect 와 Zeeman spin splitting

  • 홍진기;이진서;이긍원;안세영;이제형;김진상;이병찬
    • 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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    • 한국자기학회 2002년도 동계연구발표회 논문개요집
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    • pp.32-33
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    • 2002
  • 최근 세계적 주목을 받고 있는 spin FET[1] 소자의 구현은 강자성 물질에 의하여 반도체에 주입된 spin 편향된 전자가 반도체 계면에 유도된 전기장의 영향을 받아 spin-orbit interaction을 하는 mechanism(Rashbar effect)이 근간을 이루고 있다. 작은 band gap을 가지는 반도체(narrow gap 반도체)는 작은 유효질량의 전자에 의해서 이러한 Rashbar effect[2]를 크게 할 수 있는 물질로서, spin FET 구현을 위한 강력한 후보이며, 요즘 한창 연구되고 있는 주제이기도 하다[3]. (중략)

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Monostatic RCS Reduction by Gap-Fill with Epoxy/MWCNT in Groove Pattern

  • Choi, Won-Ho;Jang, Hong-Kyu;Shin, Jae-Hwan;Song, Tae-Hoon;Kim, Jin-Kyu;Kim, Chun-Gon
    • Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.101-106
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    • 2012
  • In this study, we investigated the effect of groove pattern and gap-fill with lossy materials at 15 GHz frequency of Ku-band. We used Epoxy/MWCNT composite materials as gap-fill materials. Although epoxy does not have an absorbance capability, epoxy added conductive fillers, which are multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), can function as radar absorbing material. Specimens were fabricated with different MWCNT mass fractions (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 wt%) and their permittivity in the Ku-band was measured using the waveguide technique. We investigated the effect of gap-fill on monostatic RCS by calculating RCS with and without gap-fill. For arbitrarily chosen thickness and experimentally obtained relative permittivity, we chose the relative permittivity of MWCNT at 2 wt% (${\varepsilon}_r$=8.8-j2.4), which was the lowest reflection coefficient for given thickness of 3.3 mm at V-pol. and $80^{\circ}$ incident angle. We also checked the monostatic RCS and the field intensity inside the groove channel. In the case of H-pol, gap-fill was not affected by the monostatic RCS and magnitude was similar with or without gap-fill. However, in the case of V-pol, gap-fill effectively reduced the monostatic RCS. The field intensity inside the groove channel reveals that different RCS behaviors depend on the wave polarizations.