• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.47-60
• /
• 2020

This study tried to produce an uplift rate map and reveal the spatial distribution of the rate with topographical characteristics and absolute ages on marine terrace in the East Coast of the Korean Peninsula. Based on a total of 57 ages at 26 sites from previous study and 13 ages at 13 sites from this study, the coast showed the rates ranging from 0.145 m/ka to 0.410m/ka with an average of 0.258 m/ka. The highest and lowest rates were found from the Jeongdongjin area in Gangneung and the Goraebul area in Yeongdeok, respectively. However, some areas in the coast showed large differences in the rate among the sites. In addition, areas with only 1 age were also found, indicative of low reliability. This study suggests that a more reliable and precise interpretation on the rate can be made with more ages identified, especially in Goseong to northern part of Gangneung, middle and southern parts of Samcheok and Yeongdeok, southern part of Pohang to northern part of Gyeongju, and Ulsan.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2013

본 논문은 1998년부터 2011년까지 강릉 지역의 지방 방사능 측정소에서 측정된 공간 감마선량률의 통계 적인 성질을 조사하였다. Autocorrelation Function Analysis(ACF), Rescaled Range Analysis(R/S Analysis), Detrended Fluctuation Analysis(DFA)의 방법들이 사용되었으며, 이 중 DFA는 non-stationary한 시계열의 장거리 상관성을 보여주는 좋은 방법으로 알려져 있다. 우리는 이 연구를 통해 다음의 사실을 알았다. 첫 번째, 공간 감마선량률은 두 가지 다른 경향을 갖는 크로스 오버가 나타난다. 이것은 연중 공간 감마선량률은 강한 장기 기억 특성이 나타나는데 비해 연간으로 넘어가면 상관성이 사라지는 것을 의미한다. 두 번째, 각 분석 방법들의 지수들이 있는데 이 지수들 사이의 관계식이 맞음을 확인 하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2017

Introduction: Identifying menton (Me) on posteroanterior cephalograms and three-dimensional (3D) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is difficult, because the midpoint of the symphyseal area is not identifiable after the mandibular symphysis fuses at an early age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the identification of the genial tubercle (GT) in patients with mandibular asymmetry and to compare it with that of the traditional landmark, Me. Methods: The samples comprised 20 CBCT images of adults with mandibular asymmetry. Two examiners performed the identifications and measurements. Me and GT were marked, and the anteroposterior, vertical, and transverse distances to the three reference planes were measured on 3D-reconstructed CBCT images. The intra- and inter-examiner reliability of landmark identification of Me and GT were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. Results: The Me and GT landmarks showed excellent reliability ($ICC{\geq}0.993$) three-dimensionally. In the transverse evaluation, the ICC values of the GT (range, 0.997-0.999) tended to be slightly higher than those of Me (range, 0.993-0.996). In the Bland-Altman plots for the two separate assessments, Me showed a maximum error of 1.76 mm in the transverse direction, whereas the GT showed a maximum error of 0.96 mm in the 95% limit. Conclusions: Our results suggest that both Me and GT are clinically reliable and equally useful landmarks for the evaluation of mandibular asymmetry on CBCT images.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.407-412
• /
• 2011

선양 치성 종양(adenomatoid odontogenic tumor)은 악골에 드물게 발생하는 치성 기원의 종양이다. 이전에는 법랑모세포종(ameloblastoma)의 한 종류로 여겨졌으나 양성이며 재발되는 경우는 극히 드물다. 상악 견치에 호발하며 대개는 무증상이지만 크기가 천천히 커져 무통성 종창을 일으킬 수 있다. 방사선학적으로 함치성 낭종(dentigerous cyst) 및 단방성 법랑모세포종(unicystic ameloblastoma)과 매우 유사하다. 일반적으로 보존적인 소파술(curettage) 및 적출술(enucleation)을 통해 치료한다. 본 증례는 하악 우측 측절치 미맹출을 주소로 내원한 10세 여자 환아에서 방사선 사진 검사를 통해 치아의 매복 및 병소를 확인하고 적출술을 시행하였다. 치아에는 브라켓을 부착하여 교정적 정출을 유도하였다. 조직학적 검사를 통해 선양 치성 종양으로 확진되었으며 양호한 치료 결과를 보였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2011

This study aims to develop furniture industry in eastern district of Gangwondo and a city of Gangneung and Donghae. Case study on furniture complex in Asahikawa, Japan and survey of furniture companies in Gangneung and Donghae city were implemented for understanding of present state, followed by analysis of problems. It can be summarized as follows. First, the basic operation method of Japanese furniture industry is to keep a balance between industry and academy. Universities or centers are in charge of education and fostering talents, such as allowing to promote and to sell products in design center gallery while corporations support it by lending expensive devices and conducting strength test analysis. Second, according to the survey of furniture companies in Gangneung, many difficulties in products development such as a shortage of designer, method, creative design were discovered. With respect to education and human force fostering, education for design and e-commerce were not sufficient, also marketing section has a problem with limited space for display and selling. Corporate support section is facing problems in receiving raw materials, aging of facilities, manufacturing and management methods. Consequently, it is considered that academic and industrial sections should implement their own roles by forming a bilateral network which connects local universities, high schools, relevant organization in the city and providence and furniture manufacturing companies to companies' product development, human force fostering and marketing in an attempt to activate the furniture industry in this area.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.751-761
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to assess the physical activity level of Korean farmers to establish their estimated energy requirements during busy farming season. 113 farmers (mean age $51.9{\pm}7.2$ years, male 42, female 71) who own farmland area above 300 pyung participated in measurement of body weight and height and interviewing of one-day activity diaries. There was no significant difference in age, BMI between male and female. Obesity prevalence according to BMI among male and female farmers was 40.5% and 50.7% respectively. The farmers spent about 7 hours in sleeping and spent about 4 hours 35 minutes working on the farm and spent about 15 hours 30 minutes (64.6% of 24 hours) in "very light activities" and spent about 3 hours 31 minutes (14.7%) in "light activities". Physical activity level (PAL, activity coefficient) of male farmers was 2.63 which was significantly higher than that (2.19) of female farmers (p < 0.05). Estimated energy requirements (EER) for farmers who were different in age and gender were suggested. For example, the estimated energy requirements for male and female farmers were 3058 kcal/day and 2279 kcal/day, respectively. The results of this study suggest that estimated energy requirements (EER) of farmers should be differentiated according to seasonal workload and energy balance of farmers should be evaluated to prevent obesity.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.326-337
• /
• 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop new parameters based on the foramina of the trigeminal nerve and to compare them with the conventional cephalometric parameters in different facial skeletal types. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and cephalograms from 147 adult patients (57 males and 90 females; mean age, 26.1 years) were categorized as Class I ($1^{\circ}$ < ANB < $3^{\circ}$), Class II (ANB > $5^{\circ}$), and Class III (ANB < $-1^{\circ}$). Seven foramina in the craniofacial area-foramen rotundum (Rot), foramen ovale (Ov), infraorbital foramen, greater palatine foramen, incisive foramen (IF), mandibular foramen (MDF), and mental foramen (MTF)-were identified in the CBCT images. Various linear, angular, and ratio parameters were compared between the groups by using the foramina, and the relationship between the new parameters and the conventional cephalometric parameters was assessed. Results: The distances between the foramina in the cranial base did not differ among the three groups. However, the Rot-IF length was shorter in female Class III patients, while the Ov-MTF length, MDF-MTF length, and Ov-MDF length were shorter in Class II patients than in Class III patients of both sexes. The MDF-MTF/FH plane angle was larger in Class II patients than in Class III patients of both sexes. Most parameters showed moderate to high correlations, but the Ov-MDF-MTF angle showed a relatively low correlation with the gonial angle. Conclusions: The foramina of the trigeminal nerve can be used to supplement assessments based on the conventional skeletal landmarks on CBCT images.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.352-358
• /
• 2021

Molar-incisor malformation (MIM)은 치관은 정상이나 치근의 비정상적인 형태를 보이는 것이 특징적이다. 제1대구치에 가장 많이 발생하며, 제2유구치나 상악 중절치도 때때로 이환된다. 이 증례 보고에서는 제1대구치를 포함해, 제2유구치에 MIM이 나타난 환자의 증례를 보고하고, 치근이 건전하게 발거된 제2유구치의 micro computed tomography (CT)를 이용한 형태학적 분석을 시행하였다. 발거된 치아에서는 MIM의 외형적 특징인 치관 - 치근 이행부의 cervical constriction을 육안상으로 확인할 수 있었으며, micro CT 분석에서 백악법랑경계부의 광화된 부위 (Cervical Minelarized Diaphragm), 많은 부근관과 막힌 근관 등의 복잡한 근관 형태, 근관 내 석회화 물질, 영구치에 비해 상대적으로 협착된 치관부 치수강이 관찰되었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.367-381
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the status of dental care in underserved areas of Korea. Methods: This study targeted 229 cities in Korea. The analytical index was revised and supplemented with variables related to dental care, and the "oral health level" indexes were further selected to provide a total of 20 analytical indexes. All selected indexes were converted into T scores (cited by the Korea Health Promotion Institute) and subjectively weighted. Finally, the regional oral health indices and areas were derived. PASW Statistics 25.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA) was used to analyze descriptive statistics. Results: Gyeongbuk Cheongsong-gun had the highest dental underserved index. The city with the highest regional oral health underserved index was Jeonnam Shinan-gun. Daegu Jung-gu had the lowest dental underserved index and regional oral health underserved index. Regional gaps existed between dental care and the regional oral health underserved index according to the city province (p<0.001). Conclusions: To continuously evaluate oral health conditions and projects centered on vulnerable areas, it is necessary to develop indicators to derive vulnerable areas for dental care and to develop effective public dental policies.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2022

Increasing carbon and PM_2.5 concentrations have been emerging as serious environmental issues worldwide. The purpose of this study was to quantify carbon and PM_2.5 reduction by urban parks in Gangneung, Korea. A total of 35 parks were sampled by applying a random sampling method to survey tree planting structures and the areal distribution of land cover types of urban parks. These survey data and the Green Evaluation Technique (GET) computer program were used to estimate carbon and PM_2.5 reduction by trees. Mean tree density and cover in the study parks were 3.5±0.2 tree/100 m² and 44.5±3.0%, respectively. Annual carbon uptake and PM_2.5 deposition per unit area by trees averaged 2.8±0.2 t/ha/yr and 30.2±2.8 kg/ha/yr. Gangneung's urban parks annually offset the carbon emissions by 3.4% and the PM_2.5 emissions by 3.5%. Thus, urban parks played a significant role in reducing atmospheric carbon and PM_2.5 concentrations. Total annual carbon uptake and PM_2.5 deposition of urban parks in Gangneung were about 1,338.2 t/yr and 14,433.2 kg/yr. This study is expected to contribute to raising awareness of the role and importance of urban parks regarding carbon and PM_2.5 reduction.