• 제목/요약/키워드: Gamma Camera

검색결과 291건 처리시간 0.024초

Investigation of nuclear material using a compact modified uniformly redundant array gamma camera

  • Lee, Taewoong;Kwak, Sung-Woo;Lee, Wonho
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • 제50권6호
    • /
    • pp.923-928
    • /
    • 2018
  • We developed a compact gamma camera based on a modified uniformly redundant array coded aperture to investigate the position of a $UO_2$ pellet emitting characteristic X-rays (98.4 keV) and ${\gamma}-rays$ (185.7 keV). Experiments using an only-mask method and an antimask subtractive method were conducted, and the maximum-likelihood expectation maximization algorithm was used for image reconstruction. The images obtained via the antimask subtractive method were compared with those obtained using the only-mask method with regard to the signal-to-noise ratio. The reconstructed images of the antimask subtractive method were superior. The reconstructed images of the characteristic X-rays and the ${\gamma}-rays$ were combined with the obtained image using the optical camera. The combined images showed the precise position of the $UO_2$ pellet. According to the self-absorption ratios of the nuclear material and the minimum number of effective events for image reconstruction, we estimated the minimum detection time depending on the amount of nuclear material.

적외선 열영상을 이용한 가시광 통신모듈의 고선량 감마선조사에 따른 열화 분석 (Analysis of Visible Light Communication Module Degraded by High Dose-Rate Gamma Irradiation using Thermal Infrared Image)

  • 조재완;홍석붕;구인수
    • 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
    • /
    • 제17권12호
    • /
    • pp.1203-1209
    • /
    • 2011
  • In this paper, the degradation evaluation method of VLC (Visible Light Communication) wireless module after high dose rate gamma-ray irradiation using the thermal infrared camera is proposed. First, the heating characteristics of the active devices embedded in the VLC wireless module during the condition of normal operation is monitored by thermal infrared camera. By the image processing technique, the trends of the intensity of the heat emitted by the active devices are calculated and stored. The feature of the blob area including the area of the active devices in the thermal infrared image is extracted and stored. The feature used in this paper is the mean value of the gray levels in the blob area. The same VLC module has been gamma irradiated at the dose rate of about 4.0 kGy/h during 72 hours up to a total dose of 288 kGy. And then, the heating characteristics of the active devices embedded in the VLC wireless module after high dose gamma ray irradiation is observed by thermal infrared camera. The high dose gamma-ray induced degradation of the active devices embedded in the VLC module was evaluated by comparing the mean value of the blob area to the one of the same blob area of the VLC module before the gamma ray irradiation.

감마카메라의 Sensitivity 보정 Factor에 관한 연구 - 전신 뼈 영상을 중심으로 - (The Correction Factor of Sensitivity in Gamma Camera - Based on Whole Body Bone Scan Image -)

  • 정은미;정우영;류재광;김동석
    • 핵의학기술
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.208-213
    • /
    • 2008
  • 목적 : 전신 뼈 검사는 핵의학 에서 가장 많이 수행하는 대표적인 검사로서 서울아산병원 핵의학과에서는 다양한 감마 카메라(Philips BRIGHTVIEW, PRECEDENCE, Siemens - ECAM, ECAM signature, ECAM Plus, SYMBIA T2, GE - INFINIA)를 사용하여 검사를 시행하고 있다. 그러나 각각의 감마카메라는 같은 검사를 수행할지라도 여러 요인에 의해서로 다른 민감도를 가지며, 이는 전신 뼈 검사의 추적검사에 있어 진단의 일관성을 저해하는 요인이 되기도 한다. 따라서 전신 뼈 검사 시 주사 후 검사시간, 수분섭취량, 신진 대사 정도 등의 통제 불가능한 인자들은 제외하고 최소한의 통제 할 수 있는 감마카메라 그 자체의 민감도 보정을 목적으로, 본 연구에서는 각각의 감마카메라의 민감도를 측정하여 전신 뼈검사를 추적 검사(follow-up)로 시행하였을 경우 보정할 수 있는 합리적인 보정계수 산출에 대한 연구를 하였다. 실험재료 및 방법 : 각 감마카메라의 민감도 측정은 IAEA에서 권고하는 면 선원 민감도 측정 방법에 따라 BRIGHT-VIEW, PRECEDENCE, ECAM, ECAM signature, ECAM Plus, SYMBIA T2, INFINIA의 감마카메라 7대를 분석하였다. 민감도 측정을 위한 $^{99m}Tc$ 면 선원은 전신 뼈 검사에 일반적인 계수율인 4~7 Kcps를 기준으로 제작하였다. 모든 감마카메라는 저 에너지 고 분해능용 평행다중구멍 조준기 (Low Energy High Resolution multi parallel Collimator)를 장착하였고, 15%의 Window Width, 140-keV photopeak로 설정하였다. $^{99m}Tc$ 면 선원을 조준기에 최대한 밀착시킨 후 60초, 120초 동안 계수를 측정하여 보정계수를 산출하였다. $^{99m}Tc$ 면 선원으로 산출한 보정계수를 실제 환자 전신 뼈 검사에 적용시킬 수 있는지 확인하기 위하여 27명의 환자를 대상으로 전신 뼈 검사를 수행하고 보정계수를 적용 후 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : $^{99m}Tc$ 면 선원을 이용하여 실험한 결과, 각 감마카메라의 민감도는 ECAM plus가 가장 높았으며 ECAM signature, SYMBIA T2, ECAM, BRIGHTVIEW, INFINIA, PRECEDENCE 감마카메라 순으로 관찰되었다. 이를 기초로 하여 상대적으로 중간 정도의 민감도를 갖는 ECAM 감마카메라를 기준으로 보정계수를 산출했을 때 각각 1.07, 1.05, 1.03, 1.00, 0.90, 0.83, 0.72로 분석되었다. $^{99m}Tc$ 면 선원의 실험을 통해 산출한 보정계수와 전신 뼈 검사로 산출된 보정계수의 차이를 분석하였을 때 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 결론 : 암환자의 골 전이 진단에 있어 전신 뼈 검사는 예민도가 높고 비침습적이며 비교적 쉽게 시행할 수 있는 장점이 있어 추적검사로 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 추적 검사로 전신 뼈 검사를 시행할 경우 연속적으로 동일한 감마카메라만을 사용하는 것은 여건상 불가능하며, 동일한 감마카메라를 사용한다 하더라도 시간의 경과에 따른 장비의 효율에 변화를 고려하지 않을 수 없다. 따라서 서로 다른 감마카메라를 대상으로 산출된 민감도 보정계수의 임상적 적용은 정기적으로 전신 뼈 검사를 받는 환자의 진단에 일관성을 더 해 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

  • PDF

소형화된 디지털카메라의 AE 시스템 개선에 관한 연구 (A Study of Improved Auto Exposure System for Digital Still Camera Using Fuzzy Logic)

  • 조선호;이상용;탁인재;박종국
    • 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
    • /
    • 제13권8호
    • /
    • pp.798-803
    • /
    • 2007
  • In case of minimized digital camera and mobile digital camera, it's difficult to get the high quality image by conventional AE(Auto Exposure) algorithm because of restriction of system organization. In this paper, a new algorithm that adopts a target setting, a compensation of feedback delay and a gamma correction, etc, are suggested for improving a noise increase and an output sensitivity decrease due to system minimization. We also suggest a method using fuzzy logic which can decide more effectively the ES(Electric Shutter) value and the AGC(Analog Gain Control) value than conventional system.

HDTV용 카메라의 이차 함수 감마 보정기의 설계 (Design of Quadratic Gamma correcot for HDTV Camera Applications)

  • 우성훈;황종태;조규형
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 G
    • /
    • pp.3187-3189
    • /
    • 1999
  • A novel wide-tunable quadratic gamma corrector for HDTV camera applications is proposed. The new gamma corrector controls gamma value in a wide range by simple electrical adjustment of multipliers' gain. It has wide signal bandwidth of 30MHz sufficient for HDTV applications. It also simplifies the circuit design, resulting in a compact surface mounting board implementation with reduced power consumption. Simulation and experimental results confirm these characteristics.

  • PDF

HDTV용 카메라의 전류 모드 감마 보정기 (A Wide-band wide-tunable Current-Mode Gamma Corrector for HDTV Camera Applications)

  • 우성훈;황종태;조규형
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 G
    • /
    • pp.3190-3192
    • /
    • 1999
  • A Novel wide-band wide-tunable current-mode (CM) gamma corrector for HDTV camera applications is proposed. The gamma corrector provides accurate gamma control in a wide range by simple electrical adjustment of weighting amplifiers' gain. It has wide signal bandwidth more than 40MHz sufficient for HDTV video signal processing and is implementable with simple integrated circuit with low power dissipation of 125mW.

  • PDF

회원사 동정

  • 한국방사성동위원소협회
    • 동위원소뉴스
    • /
    • 5호통권101호
    • /
    • pp.6-8
    • /
    • 2005
  • PDF

Low-noise reconstruction method for coded-aperture gamma camera based on multi-layer perceptron

  • Zhang, Rui;Tang, Xiaobin;Gong, Pin;Wang, Peng;Zhou, Cheng;Zhu, Xiaoxiang;Liang, Dajian;Wang, Zeyu
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • 제52권10호
    • /
    • pp.2250-2261
    • /
    • 2020
  • Accurate localization of radioactive materials is crucial in homeland security and radiological emergencies. Coded-aperture gamma camera is an interesting solution for such applications and can be developed into portable real-time imaging devices. However, traditional reconstruction methods cannot effectively deal with signal-independent noise, thereby hindering low-noise real-time imaging. In this study, a novel reconstruction method with excellent noise-suppression capability based on a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is proposed. A coded-aperture gamma camera based on pixel detector and coded-aperture mask was constructed, and the process of radioactive source imaging was simulated. Results showed that the MLP method performs better in noise suppression than the traditional correlation analysis method. When the Co-57 source with an activity of 1 MBq was at 289 different positions within the field of view which correspond to 289 different pixels in the reconstructed image, the average contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) obtained by the MLP method was 21.82, whereas that obtained by the correlation analysis method was 5.85. The variance in CNR of the MLP method is larger than that of correlation analysis, which means the MLP method has some instability in certain conditions.

Tackling range uncertainty in proton therapy: Development and evaluation of a new multi-slit prompt-gamma camera (MSPGC) system

  • Youngmo Ku;Sehoon Choi;Jaeho Cho;Sehyun Jang;Jong Hwi Jeong;Sung Hun Kim;Sungkoo Cho;Chan Hyeong Kim
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • 제55권9호
    • /
    • pp.3140-3149
    • /
    • 2023
  • In theory, the sharp dose falloff at the distal end of a proton beam allows for high conformal dose to the target. However, conformity has not been fully achieved in practice, primarily due to beam range uncertainty, which is approximately 4% and varies slightly across institutions. To address this issue, we developed a new range verification system prototype: a multi-slit prompt-gamma camera (MSPGC). This system features high prompt-gamma detection sensitivity, an advanced range estimation algorithm, and a precise camera positioning system. We evaluated the range measurement precision of the prototype for single spot beams with varying energies, proton quantities, and positions, as well as for spot-scanning proton beams in a simulated SSPT treatment using a phantom. Our results demonstrated high accuracy (<0.4 mm) in range measurement for the tested beam energies and positions. Measurement precision increased significantly with the number of protons, achieving 1% precision with 5 × 108 protons. For spot-scanning proton beams, the prototype ensured more than 5 × 108 protons per spot with a 7 mm or larger spot aggregation, achieving 1% range measurement precision. Based on these findings, we anticipate that the clinical application of the new prototype will reduce range uncertainty (currently approximately 4%) to 1% or less.