• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2019

Purpose - The Millennial Generation, which grew in the wake of the spread of the Internet and rapid changes in the media environment, is rapidly moving from the traditional broadcasting environment to the Internet-broadcasting environment in terms of content acceptance. With the emergence of UGC (User-generated content), the change in the status of single-person content creators enables the growth of multi-channel networks (MCN), a new content-distribution platform and an agency concept for single creators. Youtube-based MCN produces multiple single star producers and casts and provides its own video series through Youtube. It is also emerging as a major M&A target for global media providers in terms of providing content to a wide range of consumers with the same interests and consumption characteristics. In addition, for the Millennials generation, which are part of their lives, MCN is becoming the most suitable media for TGIF (Twitter, Google, i-phone, Facebook). Accordingly, this study defines newly emerging MCNs and analyzes the factors for accepting MCN-produced content based on the push-pull-mooring (PPM) model. Research design, data, and methodology - An empirical analysis is performed through a questionnaire survey. For this purpose, 204 people who have experience of watching MCN were studied. Collected data is processed through analysis of a structural equation model using R to test the hypothesis. Results - For the MCN service to become an alternative to existing media, it is necessary to continuously promote cultural diversity and diversity of attempts that conventional media cannot provide. It is the attractiveness of the alternative that has the greatest influence on the intention to switch to a MCN service. When we look at MCN content so far, certain patterns such as game progress, introduction, food, and chat rooms have already appeared. We need to overcome this and develop a completely new conceptual content that we have never seen before. This requires a more generous viewer perception of the topics covered. For diversity, linguistic and verbal violence should be tolerant in common sense to provide a foundation for securing cultural diversity. Conclusions - In this study, we tried to develop a comprehensive approach to the substitution effect of MCN. In terms of academic achievement, the PPM model is used to enhance the utilization of media and broadcasting. Practical implications are to provide an analytical framework for verifying alternative or complementary effects when viewers switch to MCN.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.407-415
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• 2009

In this research, to identify the degree of preference and participation in leisure sports, over 19-year-old adults living in the capital region were collected as subjects, and among them, 250 persons were chosen by purposive sampling method. Using SPSSWIN 16.0, I analyzed the collected data by reliability analysis, paired sample t-test, PPA(preference performance analysis) method. The conclusion is the following. First, the first quadrant showed wind surfing, skins-cuba, water-ski, and yacht, and as a result of this, it is necessary to improve the degree of participation in this field, the second quadrant showed golf, racketball snow board, ski, fishing, and climbing, and these field need to specific attention to maintain continuous attention, for they have a great deal of attendance, the third quadrant, showed water sleigh, cart, balloon, sky-diving, orienteering, hang gliding, model plane, and survival game. As the degree of preference and participation in these sports is low, it is recommended that more effort should be made for these sports. Finally, in the forth quadrant, there are tracking, mountain bike, inline skates, rafting, and cycling. As it's the participation is high, while that of preference is low, it is important to maintain the policy of the participation in leisure sports. Sencondly, the degree of preference and participation in leisure sport activicties acording to socio demographic characteristics differentiate.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.23-34
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• 2014

The objective for this research is to analyze the origin of the outbreak of a policy dilemma in the government's pursuance of policy aimed at tackling internet addiction among teenagers, as well as analyzing responsive strategy. Therefore, within this research and as the model of the dilemma being the analytical frame, the aspect of the dilemma has been analyzed through the transformation of contexts, conditions, policy values, alternatives, policy actors and policy decision makers. The major research results are as follows. First, each and every dilemma of 'transformation of context and condition', 'policy value and alternatives', 'policy actors' and 'policy decision makers' in processes of policy in preventing and resolving adolescent internet addiction, it acted as a decisive cause in forming the general dilemma of the policy. Second, the government's strategy in policy response within the policy dilemma conditions turned out to be a duplication of policy, occurrence of contradictions, typical response strategy and cyclical choices. Given these factors, the following characteristics have shown up as a result. First, as the problems in duplication of policy and contradictions occurred within a single policy, the government responded to this dilemma in a typical way, which brought about an even more serious dilemma. Second, the government put in effort to re-regulate two values (protection of adolescents and promotion of the video game industry), which are included in the response policy of adolescent Internet addiction. As a result, the policy dilemma has weakened with respect to the past. However, it has not solved the fundamental problems. This research, taking the results as a background, strives to provide implications for establishing a self-consistent groundwork, which combines policy values and vision for the government to pursue effective responsive policy on adolescent internet addiction, which is becoming more and more severe in the information society in which we live.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to explore the association between daily toothbrushing frequency and health risk behaviors of school-going adolescents in poor urban areas of Peru. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 959 school-going adolescents 11~19 years of age in poor urban areas of Peru in 2014. Health risk behaviors we assessed in the study were smoking; drinking; consuming sugar-sweetened soft drinks (more than one cup); leisure time activities including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet; and never or rarely handwashing with soap. Daily toothbrushing frequency was divided into two groups (once and twice daily). For statistical analyses, the chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression were used at 5% level of significance. Of the total respondents, 63 (14.3%) were boys and 53 (10.3%) were girls and 116 (12.1%) engaged in toothbrushing (${\leq}1$ times daily). According to the adjusted logistic regression analysis for socio-demographic characteristics, two behaviors (leisure time use activities, including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet (odds ratio [OR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20~4.35), and never or rarely hand washing with soap (OR, 4.09; CI, 2.48~6.75) were statistically associated with toothbrushing frequency (${\leq}1$ times daily). We found two health risk behaviors (leisure time activities, including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet, and never or rarely handwashing with soap) associated with toothbrushing frequency among adolescents in the study area. Thus, oral health promotion programs should consider these health risk behaviors associated with toothbrushing frequency.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.149-166
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• 2002

In this study, 1 have analyzed the state of the use of information technology by the at-risk children who are residing in Husan metropolitan area. The ultimate goal of this study is to help ensure the healthy development of the children and improve the quality of their lives in this information-oriented society. For this research, 1 surveyed 183 children living in an institution or a low-income family in Busan metropolitan area. The survey questionnaire was designed to obtain information on the respondents, socio-demographic characteristics, computer-related conditions of the immediate and social environments, patterns of computer and Internet use, their experience and degree of so called, Net-generation syndrome, Internet addiction disorder, changes in social and familial life caused by Internet use, and exposure to pornographic materials. The results show that 95.9 % of at-risk children in Husan own a computer, 60.9 % of those computers being Pentium Ⅲ. A majority of the children (74.9 %) are connected to Internet at a high-speed, using such devices as LAN, ADSL or cables. About seventy-six percent of the children have used a PC and Internet less than two years. In other words, a majority of them have not used those for a long period of time. The main results of the research are summarized in the following: There is a significant difference among at-risk children in terms of experiences in computer and Internet use according to their grade levels. There is a gender difference in the amount of time spent on computer and Internet. Boys spend more time every week on computer and Internet than girls do. There is a significant difference in the pattern of computer and Internet use, according to the type of their risk, and grade level. The so-called 'Net Generation Syndrome' is not serious in this group. A majority of the at-risk children think that Internet is more interesting than TV. They hardly shop on Internet, and they don think the advertisements on Internet are a serious problem. Also, unlike many people assumptions, their desire to communicate through on-line chatting was very low. They do not tend to buy computer game programs, and Internet Addiction Disorder was not pronounced among them. The at-risk children rarely had an exposure to pornographic materials in the cyber space. However, the exposure was more frequent for institutionalized children than children in low-income families. These results point to a need for a policy to improve the welfare of at-risk children and guarantee their right to information.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

Recently, life-logging service which has expanded to measure and record the daily life of the users and to share with others are increasing. In particular, as life-logging services based on the application has become popular with the development of wearable-devices and smart-phones, the contents of this service are produced by user behavior and are provided in infographic menu form. The purpose of this paper is to extract user behavior and classify for making contents items of life-logging service. For this paper, the first of all, we discuss the definition and characteristics of life-logging and research the contents based on user behavior related to life-logging by the publications including thesis, articles, and books. Secondly, we extract and classify the user behavior to build the contents for life-logging service. We gather users' action words from publication materials, researches, and contents of existing life-logging service. And then collected words are analyzed by FGI (Focus Group Interview) and survey. As the result, 39 words which suit for contents of life-logging service are extracted by verify suitability. Finally, the extracted 39 words are classified for 19 categories -'Eat', 'Keep house', 'Diet', 'Travel', 'Work out', 'Transit', 'Shoot', 'Meet', 'Feel', 'Talk', 'Care for', 'Drive', 'Listen', 'Go online', 'Sleep', 'Go', 'Work', 'Learn', 'Watch' - which are suggested by the surveys, statistical analysis, and FGI. We will discuss the role and limitations of this results to build contents configuration based on life-logging application in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.105-114
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• 2011

The roadmap-based planning is a path planning method which is used widely for a goal-directed movement in Robotics and has been applied to the world of computer animation such as computer games. However it is unnatural for computer characters to follow the path planned by the roadmap method as it is performed in Robotics. Flocking which is used for realistic and natural movements in computer animation enables character's movement by using a few simple rules without planning unlike the roadmap method. However it is impossible to achieve a goal-directed movement with flocking only because it does not keep states. In this paper we propose a simulation method which combines planning based on the road map with reactive actions for natural movements along the path planned. We define and implement steering behaviors for a leader which are needed to follow the trajectory naturally by analysing characteristics of roadmap-based paths and for the rest of members which follow the leader in various manners by detecting obstacles. The simulations are performed and demonstrated by using the implemented steering behaviors on every possible combination of roadmap-based path planning methods and models of configuration spaces. We also show that the detection of obstacle-collisions can be done effectively because paths are planned in the configuration space in which a moving object is reduced to a point.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.229-240
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• 2006

It is very important issue in information design to improve information efficiency by adapting interesting factors in changing circumstance of information communication. The concept of infotainment is utilized in designing information contents in a way of combining entertainment factors with information itself based on various media and representation technologies. The information arousing user's attention, which includes interesting factors, is persuasive message comppared to the informative message conveying only information itself. The reason why infotainment is persuasive is because it makes the user absorb deeply in the information during the process of understanding by sensorial stimuli, cognitive interest, and situational interest. The sensorial stimuli originates from the expression elements of information design. The cognitive interest from the user's intellectual activities has a try to overcome mental block when user confronts with the redundant expression in the manner of unexpectedness and inharmony. The situational interest originates from user's optimum experience by the flow of satisfaction. Therefore, the attribute of infotainment is defined with the stimuli, the redundancy, and user's satisfaction. Its design elements consist of physical factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors. The physical factors through sensorial stimuli are utilized by visual manipulation such as visual analogy or visual pun, multimedia, and moving expression. The organizational factors through redundant expression bring user's imagination by adapting storytelling, event, and interaction in the process of understanding information. The psychological factors through expression of entertainment interests such as humor, play, and game give users psychological satisfaction with the flow. In conclusion the concept of infotainment can be adapted when the design factors should be integrated with its attributes, or the conveying information should go well with its purpose and characteristics.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.639-645
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• 2019

In the present study, a Spirometra species of Tanzania origin obtained from an African leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) was identified based on molecular analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) as well as by morphological observations of an adult tapeworm. One strobila and several segments of a Spirometra species were obtained from the intestine of an African male leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in the Maswa Game Reserve of Tanzania. The morphological characteristics of S. theileri observed comprised 3 uterine loops on one side and 4 on the other side of the mid-line, a uterine pore situated posterior to the vagina and alternating irregularly either to the right or left of the latter, and vesicular seminis that were much smaller than other Spirometra species. Sequence differences in the cox1 and nad1 genes between S. theileri (Tanzania origin) and S. erinaceieuropaei were 10.1% (cox1) and 12.0% (nad1), while those of S. decipiens and S. ranarum were 9.6%, 9.8% (cox1) and 13.0%, 12.6% (nad1), respectively. The morphological features of the Tanzania-origin Spirometra specimens coincided with those of S. theileri, and the molecular data was also consistent with that of S. theileri, thereby demonstrating the distribution of S. theileri in Tanzania. This places the leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) as new definitive hosts of this spirometrid tapeworm.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose an evaluation model to evaluate the usability of locomotion technologies in a virtual environment (VE; Virtual Environment) and try to verify them through a case study. The order of this study firstly, the factors for analysis are derived through theoretical approach to locomotion technology on VR. Second, the definition and concept of mobile technology and usability evaluation in VR are established theoretically and the elements for analysis are derived through the literature survey through the theoretical approach to VE. Third, based on this, a usability evaluation model is proposed to evaluate locomotion technologies in the VE. Finally, the results are derived by experimenting and analyzing the existing VR games applied with the three locomotion technologies derived from the literature survey. Through this paper, the locomotion technology in VR is not used separately, but can propose mobile technology that conforms to VR game content characteristics by assessing its usability and analyzing it, and it is considered to be a significant data that can suggest criteria for identifying problems in locomotion technology.