• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.1135-1140
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• 2016

Let A be an abelian variety over a global field K. We know [6, 7] that, in many cases, the average number of n-torsion points of A over various residue fields of K, takes the minimal possible value. In this article, we study several defect cases by calculating the number of Galois orbits.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.755-761
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• 2016

Let A be an abelian variety over a global field K. We show that, in "many" cases, Chen-Kuan's invariant M(A[n]), that is the average number of n-torsion points of A over various residue fields of K, has the minimal possible value.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1647-1659
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• 2008

Let R be a ring with identity, X the set of all nonzero, nonunits of R and G the group of all units of R. First, we investigate some connected conditions of the zero-divisor graph $\Gamma(R)$ of a noncommutative ring R as follows: (1) if $\Gamma(R)$ has no sources and no sinks, then $\Gamma(R)$ is connected and diameter of $\Gamma(R)$, denoted by diam($\Gamma(R)$) (resp. girth of $\Gamma(R)$, denoted by g($\Gamma(R)$)) is equal to or less than 3; (2) if X is a union of finite number of orbits under the left (resp. right) regular action on X by G, then $\Gamma(R)$ is connected and diam($\Gamma(R)$) (resp. g($\Gamma(R)$)) is equal to or less than 3, in addition, if R is local, then there is a vertex of $\Gamma(R)$ which is adjacent to every other vertices in $\Gamma(R)$; (3) if R is unit-regular, then $\Gamma(R)$ is connected and diam($\Gamma(R)$) (resp. g($\Gamma(R)$)) is equal to or less than 3. Next, we investigate the graph automorphisms group of $\Gamma(Mat_2(\mathbb{Z}_p))$ where $Mat_2(\mathbb{Z}_p)$ is the ring of 2 by 2 matrices over the galois field $\mathbb{Z}_p$ (p is any prime).