• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 1996

Aliphatic esters of protocatechuic acid (PA, 1), vanillic acid (VA, 9) and gallic acid (GA, 18) were prepared and their anti-thrombotic effects were evaluated in the mouse model of thrombosis. The aliphatic groups included methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, n-amyl and cyclohexyl. n-Amyl ester of PA (7), i-propyl and cyclohexyl esters of VA (13 and 17 respectively) and ethyl ester of GA (20) treatment significantly lowered the death rate and increased the recovery from paralysis due to the thrombotic challenge. From the limited analogs available, it was tentatively concluded that the structural conformation, where carboxy oxygen (=O or -O) of the carboxyl group (COOH) at $C_1$ and the oxygen function at $C_3(either\; OH\; or\; OCH_3)$ are closely situated, is favorable for the esters of PA, VA and GA to be more antithrombotic.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1111-1118
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• 2007

A bismuth-coated carbon fiber microelectrode was prepared using cyclic voltammetry (CV). An analytical application was performed for the copper analysis with Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry (SWSV). Gallic acid n-propyl ester (PG) was used for the complex formation with a copper ion, and electrochemical measurements were performed with a pre-amplifier of a low-current module for nano am per detection. The effects of various parameters on the response were optimized. Analytical working ranges of $0.03-25.9\;{\mu}gl^{-1}$ and $0-25\'mgl^{-1}$ Cu(II) were obtained. The relative standard deviation at $13\;mgl^{-1}$ Cu was 0.9% (n = 12) in optimum conditions. The detection limit was found to have been $0.019\;{\mu}gl^{-1}$, with a 30-sec accumulation time. The developed methods were applied to a copper assay in water samples.