• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.777-778
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• 2004

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.673-676
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• 1998

Preparative conditions of high-gel strength agar from Gelidium amansii have been studied, The effect of NaOH pretreatment on the quality and yields of agar extracted from Gelidium amansli was examined. The Bel strength of agar extracted from C. amansii pretreated with NaOH was higher than that of agar extracted from G. amansii non-pretreated with NaOH. The gel strength of agar extracted from G. amansii was influenced by concentration, temperature and time of pretreatment with NaOH. It was found that the proper concentration, temperature and time of NaOH pretreatment to produce high-gel strength agar was $6\%$ NaOH, $80^{\circ}C$ and 2$\~$3 hrs. The principal sugars of agar extracted from G. amansli were galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.14-23
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• 2002

Development of oligodendrocytes and the generation of myelin internodes within the spinal cord depends on regional signals derived from the notochord and axonally derived signals. Neuregulin (NRG)-1, localized in the floor plate as well as in motor and sensory neurons, is necessary for normal oligodendrocyte development. Oligodendrocytes respond to NRGs by activating members of the erbB receptor tyrosine kinase family. Here, we show that erbB2 is not necessary for the early stages of oligodendrocyte precursor development, but is essential for proligodendroblasts to differentiate into galactosylcerebroside-positive (GalC+) oligodendrocytes. In the presence of erbB2, oligodendrocyte development is normal. In the absence of erbB2 (erbB2-/-), however, oligodendrocyte development is halted at the proligodendroblast stage with a >10-fold reduction in the number of GalC+ oligodendrocytes. ErbB2 appears to function in the transition of proligodendroblast to oligodendrocyte by transducing a terminal differentiation signal, since there is no evidence of increased oligodendrocyte death in the absence of erbB2. Furthermore, known survival signals for oligodendrocytes increase oligodendrocyte numbers in the presence of erbB2, but fail to do so in the absence of erbB2. Of the erbB2-/- oligodendrocytes that do differentiate, all fail to ensheath neurites. These data suggest that erbB2 is required for the terminal differentiation of oligodendrocytes and for development of myelin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7959-7965
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• 2015

Background: Identification of predictive markers for the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy is necessary to improve the quality of the life of cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We detected proteins recognized by autoantibodies in pretreated sera from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (AC) evaluated as showing progressive disease (PD) or a partial response (PR) after cisplatin-based chemotherapy by proteomic analysis. Then, the levels of the candidate autoantibodies in the pretreated serum were validated by dot-blot analysis for 22 AC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy, and the expression of identified proteins was immunohistochemically analyzed in 40 AC biopsy specimens. Results: An autoantibody against galectin-3 (Gal-3) was detected in pretreated sera from an AC patient with PD. Serum IgG levels of anti-Gal-3 autoantibody were significantly higher in patients evaluated with PD than in those with PR and stable disease (SD) (p = 0.0084). Furthermore, pretreated biopsy specimens taken from patients evaluated as showing PD following platinumbased chemotherapy showed a tendency to have a higher positive rate of Gal-3 than those with PR and SD (p = 0.0601). Conclusions: These results suggest that serum IgG levels of anti-Gal-3 autoantibody may be useful to predict the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with lung AC.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 2002

Human ferritin H- and L-chain genes(hfH and hfL) were cloned into the yeast shuttle vector YEp352 with various promoters, and the vectors constructed were used to transform Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2805. Three different promoters fused to hfH and hfL were used: galactokinase 1 (GAL1) promoter, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPD) promoter and alcohol dehydrogenase 1(ADH1 ) promoter. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting analyses displayed expression of the introduced hfH and hfL. In the production of both ferritin H and L subunits GAL1 promoter was more effective than GPD promoter or ADH1 promoter. Ferritin H and L subunits produced in S. cerevisiae were spontaneously assembled into its holoproteins as proven on native polyacrylamide gels. Both recombinant H and L-chain ferritins were catalytically active in forming iron core. When the cells were cultured in the medium containing 10 mM ferric citrate, the cell-associated concentration of iron was 174.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$ Per gram(dry cell weight) for the recombinant yeast YG-L and 148.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$ Per gram(dry cell weight) for the recombinant yeast YG-L but was 49.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$ Per gram(dry cell weight) in the wild type, indicating that the iron contents of yeast is improved by heterologous expression of human ferritin H-chain or L-chain genes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.173-176
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• 2007

The non-existence is proved of four-dimensional mod 2 semisimple representations of Gal ($\=\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Q}$) which are unramified outside 2.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.334-351
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2009

The gravity data collected and reserved in Korea is seriously biased in its distribution. That is, only the west-southern part of the peninsula including Chungcheong and Jeonla area has dense distribution while only a part is covered in Gyoungsang area. Especially, the low density of the gravity data in mountainous area basically limits the accuracy of the gravimetric geoid in Korea. As one of the solution to overcome the problem, an airborne gravity survey were conducted from Dec. 2008 $\sim$ Jan. 2009. In this study, free-air gravity anomaly derived from the airborne gravity data which has consistent quality are presented. The data processing for the airborne gravity is composed of several corrections of errors such as errors from gravity measurement, errors from flight dynamics, errors from GPS, and errors from time synchronization. We presented detailed explanations on the data processing with the final cross-over results. The free-air anomaly from airborne gravity finally shows the cross-over accuracy of 2.21mGal which reflects the precision of each track is 1.56mGal. It is expected that the result from this study will play a role as input data in precision geoid determination with ground and ship-borne gravity data after appropriate fusion process.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.274-280
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• 1991

Effects of IPTG induction on cell growth and production of ${\beta}$-galactosidase-preS2 fusion protein (${\beta}$gal-preS2) were studied in a defined medium using a recombinant Escherichia coli JM109/pCMHB30. IPTG was added (0.2 mM) to induce the cloned-gene expression in the early-, mid-, and late-log growth phases. The most serious decreases in growth rate and plasmid stability were observed for the induction in the early-log growth phase. The expression level of ${\beta}$gal-preS2 attained by the induction in the mid-log phase was about 0.51 mg fusion protein/mg total cellular protein, which was 2- and 5-fold improvement over the levels obtained with the inductions in the early- and late-log phases. Formation of acidic byproducts including acetate and pyruvate showed different profiles during the fermentation period for each cases of induction; pyruvate was the major byproduct for the induction in the early-log phase while acetate production became more significant for the cases of inductions in the mid- and late-log phases.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2000

Background : Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase is a natural inhibitor that counteracts pro teolytic enzymes essential to the invasion of cancer cell. Whether or not TIMP-2 gene transfer via adenovirus could inhibit the invasion of lung cancer cell iη vitro was evaluated for the future purpose of gene therapy against lung cancer. Methods : Recombinant adenovirus-TIMP-2(Ad-TIMP-2) was generated by homologous recombination after pACCMV-TIMP-2 and pJM17 were cotransfected into 293 cell by standard calcium phosphate coprecipitate method. Calu-6, one of the most invasive lung cancer cells, was transduced with Ad-TIMP-2 or Ad-$\beta$gal. Anchorage-independent growth and invasiveness were assessed by soft agar clonogenicity assay and invasion assay using two-chamber, well divided by matrigel. Results : Ad-TIMP-2 transduced calu-6 cells produced biologically active TIMP-2 more than 50 times more than parental calu-6. TIMP-2 gene transfer did not suppress the in vitro tumorigenicity. However, two chamber well assay revealed that Ad-TIMP-2 transduction reduced the invasiveness of calu-6 efficiently (12% compared with parental cell) even at low 10moi. Conclusion : Even though TIMP-2 gene transfer did not inhibit in vitro tumorigenicity, it did inhibit invasion of lung cancer cell in vitro. The inhibition of invasion by Ad-TIMP-2 may be a useful strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.