• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 편마비 환자는 정상인과 다른 보행 특성을 가지므로 본 논문에서는 이들의 특성을 반영하여 보행자세를 측정하고 실시간 3차원 그래픽으로 보여주는 시스템을 개발하였다. 환자는 허벅지, 종아리 및 발에 각각 센서 모듈을 착용하며, 측정 정밀도를 높이기 위하여 각 모듈에는 3축 가속도 센서와 3축 자이로 센서를 조합하여 적용하였다. 보행자세 디스플레이를 위하여 센서 모듈들로부터 수신한 데이터를 활용하여 허벅지, 종아리 및 발을 3차원 모형으로 모델링하여 실시간으로 화면에 보여주도록 하였으며, 편마비 환자의 특이한 보행 자세를 분석하기에 편리하도록 사용자의 보는 각도를 임의로 변화시킬 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 측정된 자세 정보를 활용하여 RLA(Rancho Los Amigos) 보행 주기의 단계별 진행되는 과정을 실시간으로 판단하여 화면에 표시할 수 있도록 함으로써 진행 단계 및 단계별 소요시간을 통하여 보행의 특성을 평가할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.377-382
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide data on gait characteristics of K-pop professional dancers. Method: Participants were divided into four groups: male dancers (n=10, age: $28.2{\pm}3.4years$, height: $175{\pm}6cm$, weight: $68.9{\pm}5.6kg$), female dancers (n=10, age: $26.7{\pm}3.1years$, height: $162{\pm}4cm$, weight: $52.1{\pm}3.7kg$), non-dancer males (n=10, age: $25.2{\pm}2.6years$, height: $171{\pm}6cm$, weight: $66.4{\pm}5.3kg$), or non-dancer females (n=10, age: $26.2{\pm}3.0years$, height: $161{\pm}5cm$, weight: $56.4{\pm}6.7kg$). Twelve infrared cameras (Qualisys, Oqus 500, Sweden, 150 Hz.) were used to capture three-dimensional motion data. Gait motion data of professional dancers and ordinary persons were obtained. Results: K-pop dancers' dynamic stability during the female toe off event and the male heel contact event was better compared with that of ordinary persons in the front-rear direction. In addition, the results showed a significant difference in the margin of stability (MoS). However, the medial-lateral direction of both female and male dancers during heel contact and the toe off event was more stable compared with ordinary person, who exhibited an increased MoS than did the dancers. Conclusion: This study aimed to investigate the gait characteristics of K-pop professional dancers in comparison with ordinary persons using gait parameters and MoS. The stability of K-pop professional dancers' dynamic gait in the front-rear direction was better than that in the medial-lateral direction. Therefore, further studies in which the dance movements of K-pop dancers are sub-divided and analyzed will be necessary to reduce related injury.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2001

노인의 일반적 보행특성은 대학생들과는 달리 보행속도가 느려지며 보폭의 길이나 보행주기 또한 감소한다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 노인신발제작을 위한 보행특성분석에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 압력분포기를 이용하여 노인의 보행시 발바닥에 걸리는 압력을 대학생과 비교하였고, 그 특성을 고찰하였다. 분석결과 노인은 보행시 지면접촉시간이 길고, 보행시 발전체면적에 걸리는 최대 힘은 대학생에 비해 남자노인의 경우 1.12배, 여자노인의 경우 1.20배 정도 많이 걸린다. 노인의 지면 접촉시간은 중족골 아치부분에서 접촉시간이 길다 이러한 분석의 결과를 토대로 노인신발의 디자인시 고려해야할 설계지침을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 인간공학적 노인신발을 디자인 하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2004

This simulation study investigated the characteristics of normal gait, $30^{\circ}$ crouch gait, $30^{\circ}$ crouch/equinus gait, $45^{\circ}$ crouch gait, $45^{\circ}$ crouch/equinus gait. The knee flexion angles were restricted using a specially designed orthosis. This study was carried out in a motion analysis laboratory of the National Rehabilitation Center. Fifteen healthy male subjects were recruited for the study. The purposes of this study were (1) to compare spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, and kinetic variables in the sagittal plane among the different gait, (2) to investigate the secondary compensatory strategy, and (3) to suggest biomechanical physical therapy treatment methods. The pattern and magnitude observed in each condition were similar to those of normal gait, except the peak knee extension moment of the unrestricted ankle motion-crouch gait. However, the speed of the $45^{\circ}$ crouch gait was half that of a normal gait. The ankle joint moment in the crouch/equinus gait showed the double-bump pattern commonly observed in children with spastic cerebral palsy, and there was no significant difference in gait speed as compared with normal gait. The peak ankle plantar-flexor moment and ankle power generated during the terminal stance in the crouch/equinus conditions were reduced as compared with normal and $45^{\circ}$ crouch gaits (p<.05). The crouch/equinus gait at the ankle joint was an effective compensatory mechanism. Since ankle plantarflexion contracture can be exacerbated secondary to the ankle compensatory strategy in the crouch/equinus gait, it is necessary to increase the range of ankle dorsiflexion and the strength of plantarflexion simultaneously to decrease the abnormal biomechanical advantages of the ankle joint.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term water exercise on gait parameters in the elderly post stroke patients. Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Twenty elderly post stroke patients (age: $56.5{\pm}10.1$ years, height: $168.6{\pm}5.8cm$, body mass: $69.3{\pm}6.9kg$, handicapped level: $2.5{\pm}0.8$) participated in this study. Participants took part in gait training of 1 hour per day, three days per week, for three months. Participants' gaits were analyzed to find the effect of 3 months water exercise by a 3-D motion analysis with 8 infrared camera and 1 force plate (sampling frequency: 100 and 1,000 Hz, respectively). A paired t-test was used to find the significance with significant level as 0.05. Results: Gait velocity, step length & step width significantly increased, and asymmetric index for gait parameters significantly decreased after the water exercise (p<0.05). Conclusions: The water exercise effectively affect on patients' gait ability and electromyography analysis will be needed further study.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2006

Purpose : Improved walking is a common goal after stroke. Although the neurodevelopmental intervention(PNF) is the most widely used approach in the walking training of hemiparetic subjects. There is little neurophysiological evidence for its presumed effects on gait symmetry and facilitation of paretic muscles during the therapeutic intervention. The study, therefore, investigated the immediate effects of gait entrainment by a PNF techniques. Methods : Included persons with stroke who were living in the community. Sixteen subjects were assigned to the experimental group participated in a measures design that evaluated the subjects with pre-treatment, post-treatment(8 weeks). Temporal-spatial parameter of gait were analysed for using the computerized GAITRite system. Intervention : Training for the experimental group was carried out 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The training sessions were comprised of 50 minutes of walking with pattern and techniques in PNF. Results : The experimental group had improvements in the functional walking ability after 8 weeks treatment and Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score. The treatment group demonstrated significantly post-treatment test improvement in gait velocity, cadence and FAP. Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score(p<0.05). Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the PNF exercise intervention can improve functional gait ability. This study provides evidence for the efficacy of PNF treatment at improving locomotor function in chronic stroke.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1115-1123
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• 2007

The foot plays an important role in supporting the body and keeping body balance. An abnormal walking habit breaks the balance of the human body as well as the function of the foot. The foot orthotics which is designed to consider biomechanics effectively distributes the load of the human body on the sole of the foot. In this paper, gait analysis was performed for three male subjects wearing the orthotics. In this study, three male subjects were selected. The experimental apparatus consists of a plantar pressure analysis system and digital EMG system. The gait characteristics are simulated by ADAMS/LifeMOD. The COP (Center of Pressure), EMG and ground reaction force were investigated. As a result of gait analysis, the path of COP was improved and muscle activities were decreased with orthotics on the abnormal walking subjects.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2022

Background: This study analyzed the reliability of smart guides for gait analysis in patients with stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The participants of the study were 30 patients with stroke who could walk more than 10 m and had an MMSE-K test score of ≥24. Prior to the experiment, the subjects or their guardians entered their demographic characteristics including gender, age, height, weight into the prepared computer. The experiment was conducted in a quiet, comfortable, and independent location, and the patient was reminded of the equipment description, precautions, and safety rules for walking. A smart insole was inserted into the shoes of the patients and the shoes were put on before the patients walked three times on the 5-m gait analysis system mat installed in the laboratory. Results: The reliability of the equipment was compared with that of the gait analysis system, and the results of this study are as follows: among the gait analysis items, velocity had an ICC=0.982, the cadence had an ICC=0.905, the swing phase on the side of the gait cycle had an ICC=0.893, the swing phase on the side of the gait had an ICC=0.839, that on the non-affected side had an ICC=0.939, single support on the affected side had an ICC=0.812, and support on the non-affected side had an ICC=0.767. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate no statistical difference between the smart insole and the gait analysis system. Therefore, it is believed that real-time gait analysis through smart insole measurement could help patients in rehabilitation.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1405-1417
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• 2017

웨어러블 기기에서 측정되는 사용자의 걸음걸이로 인한 가속도 신호를 인증 기술에 적용하는 연구결과들이 최근에 발표되고 있다. 현재까지 발표된 걸음걸이 가속도 신호 기반의 인증 기술들은 공격자가 사용자의 몸에 직접 가속도 센서를 부착하는 방식으로만 사용자의 걸음걸이 가속도 신호를 얻을 수 있다고 가정해왔다. 그리고 걸음걸이 가속도 신호 기반의 인증 기술에 대한 실질적인 공격방법으로는 걸음걸이 모방공격이 존재하고, 공격대상과 신체조건이 유사한 사람을 이용하거나 공격대상의 걸음걸이를 촬영한 비디오를 통해서 걸음걸이 특징을 파악하는 방법을 사용해왔다. 그러나 모방공격은 효과적이지 않을 뿐 아니라, 공격 성공률 또한 매우 낮기 때문에 심각한 위협으로 받아들여지지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 걸음걸이 가속도 신호 기반의 인증 기술에 대한 새로운 공격 방법으로 Video Gait 공격을 제안한다. 사용자 걸음걸이 비디오 신호로부터 웨어러블 기기의 위치를 확인하고, 위치 값을 동역학적 방정식에 대입하여 사용자 걸음걸이 가속도 신호와 매우 유사한 신호를 생성할 수 있다. 8명의 피 실험자로부터 수집한 걸음걸이 비디오와 가속도 신호를 이용하여 유사도를 비교한 결과를 보여준다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.205-209
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• 2016

Objective: Children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy show weakness especially in the lower-extremity rather than upper-extremity muscles and display characteristics such as asymmetric alignment, deficits in postural control or balance ability, and slow walking speed. Various therapeutic interventions are applied to children with cerebral palsy, of which taping is widely used in the field of rehabilitation, however, there are few studies of the effects of kinesio taping on gait patterns of children with cerebral palsy. The present study investigated the effects of kinesio taping on gait parameters of children with cerebral palsy. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Four children with spastic diplegia participated in this study. The participants' gait parameters while walking 10 m with and without kinesio taping (tibialis anterior, quadriceps femoris, and gluteus maximus) were recorded. Gait parameters including gait velocity, cadence, step length, stride length, single support time, and double support time were evaluated using the GAITRite. Mean values were obtained after having the subjects walk three times in each condition with a 5-minute rest period between each condition. The order of each condition was assigned randomly. Results: There were significant improvements in gait velocity, step length, stride length, and single support time of the right leg with kinesio taping condition compared to the without kinesio taping condition taping (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in cadence, single support time of the left leg, or double support time. Conclusions: The results show that kinesio taping may have a positive effect for improving gait parameters of children with spastic diplegia. However, its usefulness in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy needs to be further investigated.