• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2016

Background: Squatting is one of the best functional exercises to strengthen the quadriceps muscle in independent gait and activities of daily living. Although the use of a gym ball during squat exercise is the most common way of strengthening the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle, published data on this subject are limited. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the sequential muscle activation of the VMO and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles during squat exercise using a gym ball at different knee flexion angles. Methods: Forty healthy adults were randomly divided into experimental (squat exercise using a gym ball) and control (squat exercise alone) groups, in which squats were performed at $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ knee flexion. Electromyographic (EMG) activity data were collected over 10 seconds under the 2 angles of knee flexion ($45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$). Results: There was significant group and time interaction effect for VMO and VL muscle activation at $45^{\circ}$ knee flexion. This was similarly demonstrated at $90^{\circ}$ knee flexion. No significant group main effect and time main effect for VMO and VL muscle activation were noted at $45^{\circ}$ knee flexion, respectively. In contrast, there was significant group main effect and time main effect for VMO and VL muscle activation at $90^{\circ}$ knee flexion. These significant differences were demonstrated through two-way analysis of variance over repeated measurements, suggesting that the EMG activity of the VMO muscle during squatting with a gym ball showed remarkable improvement compared to that of the VL muscle. Conclusion: This research suggests that squat exercise using a gym ball may be more beneficial in improving the activity of VMO than of the VL muscle at both $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ of knee flexion, respectively. We highly recommend squat exercises with a gym ball for selective strengthening of the VMO muscle in knee rehabilitation.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2017

Background: Light touch cue is a sensory input that could potentially help in the control of posture. The immediate stimulatory effect of light touch cues using a cane during gait is associated with postural stability. This strategy can help post-stroke individuals regain their ability to perform the sit-to-stand (STS) transfer safely. Objects: The effects of light grip on postural control during the STS transfer in post-stroke subjects were investigated. Methods: Eleven participants (6 men, 5 women) with hemiplegia due to stroke were recruited in the study. The subjects with hemiparesis performed STS transfer in three randomly assigned conditions (1) without a cane (2) light grip with a cane (3) strong grip with a cane. Results: The difference in weight-bearing distribution between the left and right feet, when the subjects were instructed to stand up, was $52.73{\pm}2.13%$ without a cane, $42.75{\pm}3.26%$ with a strong grip, and $43.00{\pm}2.55%$ with a light grip (p<.05). The rate of rise in force indicates the peak power provided by subjects during their STS transfers. The rate of rise in force was statistically significantly lower without a cane than that with a light grip or a strong grip (p<.05). The subjects' centers of pressure sway on the mediolateral side during STS transfers statistically significantly declined with a light grip or a strong grip when compared to those without a cane (p<.05). Conclusion: When the subjects with hemiparesis used a cane during STS transfers, their duration, center of pressure sway, and difference in weight-bearing distribution were all reduced. The subjects also exhibited similar results during STS transfers with a cane gripped lightly. This result may provide guidelines for the use of assistive devices when patients with hemiparesis practice STS transfers in clinical settings.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2006

Introduction : The Aim of the Study Is to Investigate the Characteristics of Yangdorak m the Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease. Methods : Subjects Were Voluntarily Recruited by Newspapers And Internet. All the Subjects Were Confirmed as Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease by a Neurologist. The Patient's Symptoms Were Assessed by Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) Stage, Schwab & England Activity of Daily Living And Freezing of Gait Questionnaire(FOGQ). Sasang Constitution Was Differentiated by QSCCII. Yangdorak Was Measured after 15 minutes' Bed Rest Results : The Results Were as Follows; 1. The Average Value of Yangdorak m 50 Patients with Parkinson's Disease Was $39.01{\pm}17.97$. 2. The Mean Values of Fl, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 were under 40. 3. The Number of Pyesaek Was Significantly Increased According to H-Y Stage. 4. The Yangdorak Value Had No Significant Correlation between UPDRS, H-Y Stage and Duration. 5. There Was No Significant Difference in the Value of Yangdorak among Sasang Constitutions. Conclusion : This Study Suggests that Yangdorak Can Be Used as a Assistant Tool to Investigate the Patients of Parkinson's Disease. Further Study on the Yangdorak And Parkinson's Disease Is Recommended.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2002

Objective : This study was to investigate on the Korean Bee-Venon acupuncture of Cauda equina syndrome which has been described as complex of low back pain, bilateral sciatica, saddle anesthesia and motor weakness in the lower extremity that progress to paraplegia with bladder and bowel incontinence. Methods : Clinical observation was done on Cauda equina syndrome in the Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyungwon Inchon Oriental Medical Hospital from may 25 to June 24. The patients was treated with Korean Bee-Venon acupuncture at Samchosu(B22), Shinsu(B23), Taejangsu(B25), Pang-gwangsu(B28) and Yo-yang-gwan(Gv3) with oriental medicine treatment. We evaluated the bladder incontinence, duration of urination and area of anesthesia before and after treatment. Conclusions : 1. At the early time, gait disturbance was treated well, but discomfort bladder incontinence was remained. 2. The symptoms of Cauda equina syndrome especially bladder incontinence was recurred in short duration by Korean Bee-Venon acupuncture and oriental medicine treatment. 3. There was no significant changes in GOT/GPT before and after treatment.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2011

Purpose: The aims of study were; (1) to evaluate the validity and sensitivity of a fall-risk assessment tool, and (2) to establish continuous quality improvement (CQI) methods to monitor the effective use of the risk assessment tool. Methods: A retrospective case-control cohort design was used. Analysis was conducted for 90 admissions as cases and 3,716 as controls during the 2006 and 2007 calendar years was conducted. Fallers were identified from the hospital’s Accident Reporting System, and non-fallers were selected by randomized selection. Accuracy estimates, sensitivity analysis and logistic regression were used. Results: At the lower cutoff score of one, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 82.2%, 19.3%, 0.03%, and 96.9%, respectively. The area under the ROC was 0.60 implying poor prediction. Logistic regression analysis showed that five out of nine constitutional items; age, history of falls, gait problems, and confusion were significantly associated with falls. Based on these results, we suggested a tailored falls CQI process with specific indexes. Conclusion: The fall-risk assessment tool was found to need considerable reviews for its validity and usage problems in practice. It is also necessary to develop protocols for use and identify strategies that reflect changes in patient conditions during hospital stay.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2010

본 증례에서는 비타민 D 저항성 구루병으로 진단받았으며, 가족력이 있었고, 작은 키, 휜 다리 등의 전신적인 증상을 보이는 환아의 구강 증상과 치료를 보고하였다. 특징적으로 구강 내에 심한 우식이 없는 치아에 다발성 치은 농양이 관찰되었고, 방사선학적으로 유치와 영구치에서 상아법랑경계까지 길게 뻗은 치수각, 얇은 상아질 및 확장된 치수 강이 관찰되었다. 이러한 비타민 D 저항성 구루병 환아에게는 치수 절제술 및 기성 금관 수복뿐만 아니라 더욱 더 적극적인 예방치료와 주기적인 검사가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.319-341
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• 2016

Objective:This research analyzed the lower-limb motion in kinetic and kinematic way while walking on various terrains to develop Foot-Ground Contact Detection (FGCD) algorithm using the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Background: To estimate the location of human in GPS-denied environments, it is well known that the lower-limb kinematics based on IMU sensors, and pressure insoles are very useful. IMU is mainly used to solve the lower-limb kinematics, and pressure insole are mainly used to detect the foot-ground contacts in stance phase. However, the use of multiple sensors are not desirable in most cases. Therefore, only IMU based FGCD can be an efficient method. Method: Orientation and acceleration of lower-limb of 10 participants were measured using IMU while walking on flat ground, ascending and descending slope and stairs. And the inertial information showing significant changes at the Heel strike (HS), Full contact (FC), Heel off (HO) and Toe off (TO) was analyzed. Results: The results confirm that pitch angle, rate of pitch angle of foot and shank, and acceleration in x, z directions of the foot are useful in detecting the four different contacts in five different walking terrain. Conclusion: IMU based FGCD Algorithm considering all walking terrain possible in daily life was successfully developed based on all IMU output signals showing significant changes at the four steps of stance phase. Application: The information of the contact between foot and ground can be used for solving lower-limb kinematics to estimating an individual's location and walking speed.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of balance training with upper extremity exercise on the improvement of balance performance in people who have had a stroke. Eighteen candidates who have all experienced a stroke, were living in Dong-Gu, Ulsan and were participating in a community based rehabilitation program, have been included in this study. The program was conducted three times weekly, 1 hour per session, for 7 consecutive weeks. Subjects were tested with 7 m and 100 m Timed Gait Test (sec), Timed Get Up and Go Test (sec), Functional Reach Test (cm) and 5 items of Berg's Balance Test at pre-training and post-training. Total balance index and balance ratios were measured by K.A.T. 3000. The balance training program performed by sitting on a chair and gymnastic ball and standing on stable and unstable surfaces during upper extremity exercises such as Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) upper extremity pattern, picking a ball up from floor, throwing and catching it. After seven weekends of balance training, subjects showed a significant difference in balance test results. The exceptions were three items of Berg's Balance Test (p<.05). Balance index score and affected and unaffected side balance ratio had a larger improvement than pre-training (p<.05). The result of this study showed that intervention of this balance training program could improve the balance performance in people who have had a stroke.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2020

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a foot deformity developed by mediolateral deviation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Although various foot-toe orthoses were used to correct the HV angle, verification of the effects of kinetics variables such as ground reaction force (GRF) through three-dimensional (3D) gait analysis according to the various type of orthoses for HV is insufficient. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the effect of soft and hard types of foot and toe orthoses to correct HV deformity on the GRF in individuals with HV using 3D motion analysis system during walking. Methods: Twenty-six subjects participated in the experiment. Participants had HV angle of more than 15° in both feet. Two force platforms were used to obtain 3D GRF data for both feet and a 3D motion capture system with six infrared cameras was used to measure exact stance phase point such as heel strike or toe off period. Total walk trials of each participant were 8 to 10, the walkway length was 6 m. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effects of each orthosis condition on the various GRF values. Results: The late anteroposterior maximal force and a first vertical peak force of the GRF showed that the hard type orthosis condition significantly increased GRF compared to the other orthosis conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There were significant effects in GRF values when wearing the hard type foot orthosis. However, the hard type foot orthosis was uncomfortable to wear during walking. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new foot-toe orthosis that can compensate for these disadvantages.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.268-276
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 경사로를 오르는 동안 슬관절 굴곡각도와 족저압의 차이를 각각 다른 경사도에 따라 분석하고자 하는 것이다. 24명의 건강한 성인 참가자들에게 각각의 경사도($0^{\circ},\;3^{\circ},\;6{\circ},\;9^{\circ}$)를 걷게 한 후, Parotec system을 이용하여 족저압을 측정하였으며, 걷는 모습을 캠코더로 녹화 한 후 Dartfish system을 이용하여 슬관절 각도를 분석하였으며, 수집된 데이터는 SPSS/PC 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 일원배치분산분석으로 분석하였다. 결과는 각 경사로에 따라 슬관절 굴곡 각도는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 족저압은 좌측 하지의 발뒤꿈치 외측 부위(1번 감지기), 중족부 내측 부위(9번 감지기), 전족부 내측 부위(15번, 16번 감지기), 그리고 우측 하지에서는 발뒤꿈치 외측 부위(3번 감지기)에서 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 슬관절 각도가 $10{\sim}20^{\circ}$ 사이에서 발뒤꿈치 외측 부위 및 내측 부위의 족저압이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다.