• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1145-1152
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• 2019

Objective: Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a cultivated shrub grown widely in the sub-tropical and tropical areas. It has been shown that mulberry leaf contains high levels of protein while having polyphenols as phytonutrients. Therefore, it is important to conduct an experiment to assess potential toxic level from mulberry on behavior, blood hematological and coagulation parameter using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Both male and female SD rats were given an intragastric administration of respective treatments of mulberry leaf intakes (control, low and high levels). Parameters of feed intake, hematological and coagulation of blood parameters, as well as liveweight changes were taken during the 7 d of adaptation, 28 d of treatment exposure, and 14 d of recovery periods, respectively. All treatment data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance of SPSS17.0 for Windows Statistical Software following the Randomized complete block design with sex as a block. Results: Most of the parameters of the physical symptoms of the SD rats, were not significantly different (p>0.05) when compared with that of the control group. Those which remain unchanged in each dose group were, body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, the hematology and coagulation indexes. Although, there were a few individual indicators that were abnormal, but the overall physiological appearance of the rats were normal. Conclusion: Results under this experiment revealed that most hematological and coagulation parameters of the SD rats in both male and female were normal, although the weight gain of female rats in high-dose group was significantly reduced than those of the male rats. Under this study, the use of mulberry leaf up to 2 g/kg BW did not result in abnormal phenomenon in the SD rats. These findings would offer useful information for further in vivo feeding trials in animals to extensively use of mulberry leaf to improve animal production, particularly in P.R. China.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.781-793
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• 2010

Recently, owing to the development of ubiquitous sensor network and mobile communication technologies, many studies on healthcare system are being carried out. In this paper, we have designed and implemented a mobile u-Healthcare system based on sensor network. The u-Healthcare system is composed of three components: wireless sensor network at home, healthcare center located at remote site, and gateway which relays sensing physiological signals to healthcare center. In order to measure patient's physiological signal three sensors are used: three channel ECG sensor, pulse oximeter, and blood pressure sensor. Each sensor is mounted on a mote which can send gathered signal to the base node using Zigbee communication protocol. Once the base node receives physiological signal from each sensor, the client in the base node transfers the signal to the healthcare center. The received physiological signal at the healthcare center is analyzed and processed using various algorithms. The processed results are compared to the standard healthcare database and appropriate treatment including dietetics and exercise cure would be sent to the patient as feedback using SMS message or healthcare center web site. Each patient can check and manage one's health state every day using the healthcare system and gain a recovery under the treatments from minor health problems.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2000

Two experiments were conducted to determine the ileal digestibility of the amino acids contained in linseed meal using the regression technique and then applying the values obtained, in a growth trial, using growing-finishing pigs. For the digestibility trial, four $20{\pm}0.5kg$ crossbred $(Yorkshire{\times}Landrace{\times}Beijing\;Black)$ barrows were fitted with simple T-cannula in the terminal ileum. After recovery, the barrows were fed one of four experimental diets according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin Square design. The pigs were fed corn-soybean meal based diets supplemented with 0, 25, 50 or 75% linseed meal. For the growth trial, 80 crossbred $(Yorkshire{\times}Landrace{\times}Beijing\;Black)$ growing pigs $(20.2{\pm}1.5kg)$ were fed corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with 0, 5, 10 or 15% linseed meal. Five pens (2 gilts and 2 castrates) were assigned to each treatment. With the exception of leucine, the digestibility coefficients for the indispensible amino acids declined as the level of linseed meal in the diet increased. There was a good agreement between the amino acid digestibilities for lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan determined using the regression technique and amino acid digestibilities previously published for linseed meal. During both the growing (20-49 kg) and finishing (49-95 kg) periods, the addition of linseed meal decreased average daily gain and feed conversion in a linear manner (p<0.05). Feed intake was not significantly different among treatments. The overall results suggest that linseed meal can be used at levels of between 5 and 10% in diets fed to growing-finishing pigs provided that the diet has been balanced for digestible amino acids.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.58-66
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• 2013

Purpose: The inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) can be damaged as a result of minor oral surgical procedure such as third molar extraction or implant placement. Repair of the injured IAN involves difficulty of access, and research studies are limited to elucidating the process of regeneration by surgical methods. This study sought to establish the rabbit animal model to apply polymeric membrane functionalized with nerve growth factor after a crush lesion for the evaluation of nerve regeneration using the electrophysiologic method. Materials and Methods: The IAN of 2 adult male New Zealand white rabbits (4 nerves) were exposed bilaterally, and crush injury rendered by jeweler's forceps was applied. Nerve conduction velocity was examined electrophysiologically using electromyography before, after, and 4 weeks after the crush injury. To evaluate the regeneration, the pattern of action potential of IAN was recorded, and the characteristics of neurons were histologically observed. Result: After the crush injury, afferent activity decreased in the injured group. Electromyography could not be recorded after four weeks because tissues surrounding the injured nerve collapsed. Decrease in the mean number of axons was observed in the injured part with membrane. Conclusion: Despite the limited result, the present animal model study may provide a possible way to research on the methods of enhancing the recovery of nerve injuries in clinical situations. For clinically widespread acceptance, however, it should gain more consecutive and scientific evidences.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.89-93
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• 2020

In this paper, Ku-band Receiver for compact doppler radar has been designed and fabricated. It composed of MWR(Microwave Receiver) and IFR(Intermediate Frequency Receiver) which have 5 receive path. We applied limiter circuit to protect MWR from Tx leakage power and maximum 2 W. IFR can change the Rx path to broad band or narrow band by MSC(Mode Selection Switch). It is observed that fabricated receiver performs 68 dB gain and 3.7 dB noise figure, 93 ns limiter recovery time. Proposed Ku-band receiver is expected to apply for Ku-band compact doppler radar.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2016

Objective : Disaster causes psychological distress to a large number of people in a short period of time, by both direct and indirect exposure to traumatic events embedded in various realms of disaster experience. Optimal, well-planned treatment interventions should follow from the early acute period to recovery phase, extending up to several months later. In this context, there is an increasing need for systemic review to gain comprehensive insights for disaster interventions. These need to be added to public policy, and for the prevention and treatment of disaster-related psychopathology. Here, we review the published studies on psychological interventions for disaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Methods : Specific psychological interventions regarded as effective treatments for have been selected for this review, such as CBT (Cognitive-Behavior Therapy), Exposure Therapy, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing), SIT (Stress Inoculation Therapy) and Psychoeducation. In addition, natural disasters, industrial disasters, and accidents involving aircraft and ships were also categorized as disasters, along with war and combat trauma. Results : Cognitive behavior therapy and exposure therapy had the strongest research support for effectiveness, and could be considered as the first-choice treatment for disaster-related PTSD. The second line of treatment is EMDR, although this treatment modality has the advantage of reaching certain treatment improvements in fewer sessions. However, the effects of SIT and psychoeducation to the survivors of disasters, remains unclear at this point. Additionally, we propose the possibilities of using virtual reality component and imagery rescripting as modified forms of traditional cognitive behavior therapy and exposure therapy. Conclusion : Cognitive behavior therapy and exposure therapy, deemed effective treatments for various trauma, are considered to be effective for survivors from disasters. However, the efficacy of other interventions has not yet been examined methodologically in well-designed studies, such as randomized controlled trials. In particular, future empirical studies are needed, since it is difficult to conclude that psychological interventions have similar effects on different types of disasters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.253-260
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• 2009

Gold stock could include the U.K. in the European economy by the alternative plan of the problems that it was occurred while nationalizing industry and a company for economic recovery and national profit after the World War Ⅱ and it was wide and came to open in the country of European most. However, the negation was sentenced to it for the reason of the gold stock which the U.K. adopted in European many countries infringing "freedom of the capital movement" at a European court of law. However, I consider gold stock positively to protect it from hostile M&A of the company of the national strategy from the Middle East and an Asian national rich fund recently in France and Germany. If our country looks straight at reality, Urstatut or the agreement of the majority stockholder have a very strict matter assuming the protection of the existing shareholder and must be able to gain the favor if you look by the flow of such world economy.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.95-110
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• 1998

A 13-week dermal toxicity test was conducted to assess the toxicity of DA-5018, a capsaicin derivative. Three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (10-15 males and 10-15 females) were treated with DA-5018 cream daily by dermal application at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3% or 0.9% as 500 mg/kg for 13 weeks. One further group of rats (15 males and 15 females) received cream base at 500 mg/kg/day and acted as controls. One male receiving 0.3% DA-5018 cream died during the treatment period. But the animal did not show any signs of treatment-related toxicity until death. There were no local skin reaction of application site and systemic reaction to the treatment of DA-5018 creams in all experimental groups throughout treatment and recovery period. Weight gain and food consumption in animals that received DA-5018 creams appeared to be comparable to that of the controls. Laboratory analyses (hematology, urinalysis and opthalmoscopic examination) did not revealed pathological values. In biochemical investigations, an increase of glucose level associated with increased food consumption and some other significant changes were noted in the animals of both sexes received DA-5018 creams. But these changes were not considered to be of toxicological importance. Postmortem examination did not show macroscopic or histological alterations attributable to the DA-5018 treatments. Based on these results, NOAEL(no-observable-adverse-effect level) of DA-5018 cream if estimated to be over 500 mg/tg/day as 0.9% cream.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.842-851
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to improve physical and mechanical properties of soft-inner part of oil palm trunk (S-OPT) after impregnation with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin and densification by close system compression (CSC) method. Effect of different methods of PF resin impregnation (i.e., no vacuum-pressure, vacuum, and vacuum-pressure) was evaluated. The results showed that PF resin impregnation and CSC significantly improved the physical and mechanical properties of S-OPT up to: (1) 176% in density; (2) 309% in modulus of rupture (MOR); (3) 287% modulus of elasticity (MOE); and (4) 191% in the compressive strength. Physical and mechanical properties of S-OPT showed their best performances when PF resin impregnated with vacuum-pressure method as shown by higher weight gain, density, MOR, MOE, compressive strength, and lower recovery of set due to better penetration of PF resin into S-OPT. Combining PF resin impregnation and densification by CSC method could be a good method to improve physical and mechanical properties of S-OPT.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.263-272
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• 1983

Effects of dietary protein qualify, energy restriction, and subsequent rehabilitation were studied in the weanling rats. Rats were devided into the six experimental diet groups. Rats in AC (casein- containing diet ), AS (soyprotein-containing diet), and AG(gluten-containing diet) group consumed their diets ad libitum, and rats in PC, PS, PG groups were pair-fed in 60% of the of amounts eaten by corresponding rats in the AC, AS, AG groups, respectively. After 3 weeks of nutritional restriction, all rats were switched to the AC diet for 14 days. At the end of restriction period, body weight, weight gain, food intake, and FER were higher in casein- fed rats than other groups of rats. The differences were, however, disappeared with rehabilitation diet, except body weights which were not fully recovered until the end of experiment. The weights of liver, gastrocnemius muscle, kidney, small intestine, spleen, and lung were the highest in the casein group, and the lowest in gluten group at the end of restriction period. The recovery with rehabilitation diet were differ in different organs. The muscle and liver seemed to be the most affected organs by dietary protein quality and energy restriction. There were no differences in brain weights among the experimental groups during the restriction period, however, after 2 weeks of rehabilitation, rats in AC group showed lower brain weight compared to AC and AS groups, and the brain weight of PC group was lower than AC group. Protein contents in liver and muscle showed the same trends as their weights. Gluten-fed rats showed low serum protein concentration, but recovered fully with rehabilitation diet for 3 days.