• KSBB Journal
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 1990

These studies were carried out to obtain the transformant from carrot cells by using binary vector pGA472 with NPT II gene to confer kanamycin resistance in the plant cells. The binary vector pGA472 was mobilized from E. coli MC1000 into A. tumefaciens strains isolated in the Korea, C23-1. K29-1, and disarmed Ti-plasmid PC2760, and A28l using a tri-parental mating method with E. coli HB101/pRK2013. Transconjugants, C23-1/pGA472, K29-1/pGA472, PC2 760/pGA472 and A28l/pGA472 were obtaind on the minimum AB media containing tetracycline and kanamycin, were comfirmed to hold the Ti-plasmid and pGA472 binary vector on the 0.7% agarose gel. Transformed carrot calli were initiated on the MS media supplemented with l00$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml kanamycin and 250$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml carbenicillin after co-cultivation of carrot explant and transconjugant Agrobacteria. Selected callus was grown vigouousley for subculture on the medium containing 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml kanamycin, thus indication that the selected callus was transformed with NPT II gene.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.133-148
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• 1987

Gibberellin(GA) 3-$\beta$ hydroxylation is very important for the shoot elogation in the higher plants, since only 3$\beta$-hydryoxylated GAs promote shoot elogation in several plants. Fluctuation of 3$\beta$-hydryoxylase activity was examined during seed maturation using two cultivars of , P. vulgaris, Kentucky Wonder (normal) and Masterpiece (dwarf). Very immature seeds of both cultivars contain high level of 3$\beta$-hydroxylase activity (per mg protein). Both cultivars showed maximum of enzyme activity (per seed) in the middle of their maturation process. Gibberellin 3$\beta$-hydroxylase catalyzing the hydroxylation of GA20 to GA1 was purified 313-fold from very early immature seeds of P. vulgaris. Crude soluble enzyme extracts were purified by 15% methanol precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatogrphy, DEAE ion exchange column chromatography and gel filtration HPLC. The 3$\beta$-hydroxylase activity was unstable and lost much of its activity duting the purification. The molecular weight of purified enzyme was extimated to be 42, 000 by gel filtration HPLC and SDS-PAGE. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at pH 7.7. The Km values for [2.3-3H] GA20 and [2.3-3H]GA9 were 0.29 $\mu$M and 0.33 $\mu$M, respectively. The enzyme requires 2-oxoglutarate as a cosubstrate; the Km value for 2-oxoglutarate was 250 $\mu$M using 3H GA20 as a substrate. Fe2+ and ascorbate significantly activated the enzyme at all purification steps, while catalase and BSA activated the purified enzyme only. The enzyme was inhibited by divalent cations Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+. Effects of several GAs and GA anaogues on the putrified 3$\beta$-hydroxylase were examined using [3H]GA9 and GA20 as a substrates. Among them, GA5, GA9, GA15, GA20 and GA44 inhibited the enzyme activity. [13C, 3H] GA20 was converted by the partially purified enzyme preparation to [13C, 3H]GA1, GA5 and GA6, which were identified by GC-MS, GA9 was converted only GA4, GA15 and GA44 were converted to GA37 and GA38, respectively. GA5 was epoxidized to GA6 by the preparation. This suggests that 3$\beta$-hydroxylation of GA20 and epoxidation of GA5 are catalyzed by the same enzyme in P, vulgaris.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

In this study we investigated the effect of gametocides on the number of larger-sized pollen in anther, and also induced callus from the anther culture of Zoysia japonica Steud. Before culturing, we have observed pollens in anther through fluorescence and electron microscopes to know pollen dimorphism. There were two types of pollens observed. One type (30-36 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in diameter) consisted of vacuolated, larger-sized pollens and the other (15-20 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in diameter) smaller-sized ones with dense cytoplasm and plenty of amyloplasts. Within few hours, all the smaller-sized pollens were dead, while larger-sized ones were viable for one or two days. To induct larger-sized pollens, various gametocides were leaf-sprayed on three booting stages cultured under 4$0^{\circ}C$ /15$^{\circ}C$ (day/night) before anther culturing. Number of these larger pollens were few (less than 1%) in anther without spraying gametocides. GA$_3$increased the number of larger-sized pollens when applied at mid-booting stage. GA$_3$ with 50 mg/L treatment caused the highest percentage (25.4%) of the larger-sized pollen. Anthers with GA$_3$ treatment were only produced calli on AA medium (modified B$_{5}$+8.0 mg/L 2,4-D ＋0.2 mg/L kinetin), but callus formation was quite low (less than 1%).).

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-73
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• 1991

To elucidate enzymatic properties of $\alpha$-galactosidases (EC3, 2, 1, 22) from germinated soybean and Aspergillus niger changes in the enzyme activities and oligosaccharide contents during germination of soybean were determined and $\alpha$-galactosidases from germinated soybean and wheat bran culture of Aspergillus niger were purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Their chemical and enzymatic properties were investigated and the results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. $\alpha$-Galactosidase activity of soybean was maximized when it was germinated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 120 hours. And raffinose and stachyose in soybean were decomposed completely after 96 hours and 120 hours of germination, respectively. 2. The highest level of $\alpha$-Galactosidase activity was obtained when Aspergillus niger was grown on wheat bran medium at $30^{\circ}C$ for 96 hours. 3. Soybean $\alpha$-galactosidase was purified by 6.6 fold by ammonium slufate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose and Sephadex A-50., and gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. Its specific activity was 825 units/mg protein and the yield was 2.5% of the total activity of crude extracts. 4. Aspergillus niger $\alpha$-galactosidase was purified by 23.7 fold. Its specific activity was 1,229 units/mg protein and the yield was 14% of the total activity of wheat bran culture. 5. The purified $\alpha$-galactosidases of soybean and Aspergillus niger were found to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by HPLC. 6. Chemical properties of the purified $\alpha$-galactosidases were : 1) The soybean $\alpha$-galactosidase was monomeric and its molecular weight was estimated to be 30,000 by SDS-PAGE whereas the Aspergillus niger $\alpha$-galactosidase was a tetrameric glycoprotein which consisted of identical subunits with molecular weight of 28,000 each.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.383-386
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• 2008

The four-bed PSA process using a layered bed of activated carbon and zeolite 5A was studied to produce a high purity hydrogen product from SMR off-gas. At a desired product purity (99.999%+), the recovery increased with decreasing the linear velocity. However, the difference of the increasing of the recovery became smaller with the decreasing of the linear velocity and then was similar from below the linear velocity 3.9 cm/s. When the adsorbents, the feed gas composition, and the operating conditions are given, the residence time is mainly a function for design of the PSA bed size. The minimum residence time exists to obtain the maximum recovery at desired product purity.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1993

The activity change of mulberry seeds protease was compared during germination for 5 days at 28$^{\circ}C$ in the dark place after daily hormone injection of different concentration. The protease from germinated mulberry seeds for 4 days was partially purified and the enzyme characteristics was investigated. The protease activity of mulberry seeds treated by hormone was highest with 10 $\mu$m GA3 followed by 10 $\mu$M zeatin and 10 $\mu$M kinetin. The protease activity of mulberry seeds was increased by 14% with 10ml agar culture that control at 4th day of germination. The protease from mulberry seeds was purified 313 fold by DEAE-Toyo-pearl 650M, Butyl-Toyopearl, Hydrozylapatite and Toyopearl HW 55M. After purification, the specific activity of the enzyme was 175 units/mg. Optimum pH and temperature of protease from mulberry seeds was 5.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The protease was stable below 37$^{\circ}C$ and the enzyme activity was decreased by 50%, when incubated at 52$^{\circ}C$ for 10minutes. The protease activity of mulberry seeds was inhibited by metal ions such as mercury, iron, zinc, copper, but activited by magnesium, choromium, aluminium ions. The Km value of the protease was 0.89mM with azocasein as a subscribe.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.40-44
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• 1984

Experiments on the GA production ability by ectomycorrhizal fungus, Pisolithus tinctorius was carried out to investigate specific physiological phenomena of growth increase in host plants by formation of mycorrhizae, The culture extract of P. tinctorius was purified by solvent fractionation, sephadex LH-20 chromatography, silica gel partition chromatography and TLC, successively. GA activities in the purified GA fractions were monitored by micro-drop bioassay using dwarf rice seedlings, 'Tan-ginbozu'. $30{\sim}60%$ EtOAc election fractions of silica gel pardon chromatography and the zone of Rf $0.1{\sim}0.4,\;0.6{\sim}0.8$ of TLC exhibited the GA-like activities. The GA activities were increased with the more treated amount of culture extracts. This activity in 100ml of culture solution was equivalent to 0.1ng of $GA_3$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1126-1131
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the effects of detoxified puffer liver (PL) oil on fatigue, hepatotoxicity and hyperlipidemia. There are no toxicities in both raw and purified PL oil. The test of swimming time was extended in detoxified PL oil pretreated group compared to the non-treated group. When rats treated with PL oil, the hepatic injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride or DL-galactosamine were reduced. The increased serum triglyceride and total cholesterol by poloxamer-407 were lowered by treating with PL oil remarkably. Also the bleeding time of hyperlipidemic animals was extended and plasma clotting time was delayed by PL oil.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.72
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• pp.97-126
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• 2018

has many sexual elements among our literature. So is considered obscene. But if you take a closer look at , you can see that he is dealing with the real problem. Especially, the conflict between Gangsoe and Jangseung shows the contradiction of reality. However, it can not be questioned because it is hidden behind sexual elements. 's strategy of revealing is similar in Media Narrative. has been made into a film since the 1980s. However, these films stayed at the level of B-erotic movies. The real meaning of is gone, and the sexual image is more emphasized. Incidentally, this aspect is related to reality at the time. At that time, the military was in control of politics. So I wanted the people not to be interested in politics. For this reason, many erotic movies were created. Eventually, the strategy of revealing was even more maximized in Media Narrative. But recently there was a new attempt like . This was a new attempt to go beyond the standardized approach. Future interpretations of are expected more.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.221-228
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• 1983

An improved procedure for the rapid purification of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was developed by using affinity chromatography. Among six affinty media tested, $NADP^+ -agarose$ and Affi-gel Blue were more effective than others (i.e., Affi-gel Red, AMP-agarose, ATP-agarose, and $NAD^+ -agarose$). Conditions to desorb the enzyme bound to the affinity media were examined to increase the purity as well as yield. The best result was obtained when the column was developed with a linear gradient of KCl (0-1.0M). In case of Affi-gel Blue, introduction of $NAD^+$ (15mM) washing step prior to the salt gradient was most effective to remove $NAD^+ -binding$ proteins. For a large scale preparation of G-6-P dehydrogenase higher recovery was obtained by Affi-gel Blue than $NADP^+ -agarose$, however, the purity of the enzyme was decreased by 10 times if the former was used as the affinity medium. The capacity of Affi-gel Blue for G-6-P dehydrogenase was found to be 5 times higher than that of $NADP^+ -agarose$. Furthermore Affi-gel Blue could be reused repeatedly and its preparation is relatively easier and less expensive than $NADP^+ -agarose$.