• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 주면하중전이특성을 분석하기 위하여, 주요 영향요소(일축압축강도, 거칠기, 수직강성, 초기구속응력, 재료성질)에 따라 일정수직강성(Constant Normal Stiffness, CNS)조건의 직접전단시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 주변하중전이특성을 3구간으로 이상화할 수 있었으며, 각 구간에서의 거동을 지배하는 주요 요소의 영향 및 그에 따른 거동을 파악할 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 암반의 절리 및 풍화상태를 나타내는 GSI(Geological Strength Index)를 이용한 Hoek-Brown 파괴기준(1997)을 적용하여, 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 굴착면 거칠기를 고려한 새로운 주면 하중전이함수를 제안하였다. 제안된 하중전이함수는 기존 7본의 말뚝 재하시험 결과와 비교분석을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 본 제안식이 암반 굴착면의 거칠기 및 암반특성을 적절히 반영함을 알 수 있었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 내분비계 장애물질의 영향 및 생태계 건강성의 스크리닝 평가를 위해 미꾸리를 지표종으로 선정하여 대조지점(RA)과 농업지점(AS)에서 biomarker 4가지 항목과 bioindicator 4가지 항목을 포함하여 총 8가지 항목의 생물지표를 분석하였다. 생태계 건강성 평가를 위한 생물지표의 분석 결과 독성 화학물질의 영향을 나타내는 ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD), acetylcholinesterase(AChE) 및 DNA damage 등의 생화학적 생물지표는 대조지점(RA)에 비해 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 내분비계 장애물질의 영향을 반영하는 vitellogenin(VTG)는 농업지점(AS)에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고, 개체수준의 생물지표(condition factor (CF), hepato-somatic index (HSI), gonado-somatic index (GSI)) 또한 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 농업지점(AS)의 생태계 건강성은 내분비계 장애물질에 의한 영향은 미비한 것으로 판단되었으나, 농약, 중금속 등과 같은 독성을 보이는 화학물질이나 농업 지역의 특수성에 따른 서식지 환경 조건에 의해 일부 영향을 받은 것으로 사료되었다. 본 연구는 생화학적 생물지표와 개체수준의 생물지표를 이용한 스크리닝 평가로서 농업지역에 대한 종합적인 생태계 건강성 평가를 위해서는 생물지표 적용 항목을 확대하고, 개체군이나 군집 수준의 분석이 추가적으로 적용 되어야 하며 수생태계 내의 추정 오염물질에 대한 분석이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2012

박대 생식소중량지수(gonadosomatic index, GSI)의 월간 변화는 2월에서 7월까지는 아주 낮은 값을 보였으나, 8월부터 생식소가 급격히 발달하기 시작하여 9월에 최고값을 나타내었다. 이후 10월부터 점차 낮아져 11월에 다시 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 비만도(condition factor, CF)의 월간 변화도 9월에 최대값을 보였다. 간중량지수(hepatosomatic index, HSI)의 월간 변화는 6월에 최대값을 보인 후 7월에 급격히 낮아져 최저값을 보인 후 9월부터 증가하기 시작하여 11월에 최대값에 도달하였다. 난소발달은 미성숙기(2~7월), 초기 성숙기(7월 말), 성숙기(8월), 후기 성숙기(8월 말), 완숙 산란기(9~10월), 회복 휴지기(11월)의 6단계로 구분되었다. 박대의 포란수를 조사한 결과, 총 포란수(fecundity, F)와 전장(total length, TL)과의 관계는 $F=251.43TL^{0.1264}$($r^2$=0.4027)이었으며, 총 포란수와 체중(body weight, BW)과의 관계는 F=1130.4BW-880848($r^2$=0.677)로 나타났다. 박대 암컷의 50%가 성숙하는 전장은 46.87 cm로 조사되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2014

To investigate the effects of octylphenol and nonylphenol on the reproduction of the striped field mouse, the mice were subcutaneousely injected with 4-t-octylphenol 800 mg/kg (OP800), nonylphenol 900 mg/kg (NP900) or OP800 + NP900 (OPNP), respectively, in two times a week for 2 months. As the results, there were no differences between the control and the compound-treated groups in the body weight in both sexes, and the GSI (gonadosomatic index) and SVI (seminal vesicles index) in the adult males. But histological abnormalities of the reproductive organs in the mice seems to be related to the compound. This suggestion is supported by the facts that most mice treated with the compounds had only a small number of spermatozoa in the shrunken epididymal tubules. In addition, the shrunken reproductive organ in one mouse treated with the NP, suggests that the abnormalities in the wild striped field mice might be induced by the compound. Furthermore, it is indicated that the compounds must be toxicants to inhibit pregnancy, judging from the fact that all the mice treated with the compounds had failed to deliver.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2002

We investigated the gonadosomatic index (GSI), germ cell development, reproductive cycle of the Afriean lungfish Protorierus annecteus (Owen) by histological observations and morphometric data. Samples were collected from the river Orie and its flood of Nigeria, from January to December 2000. The fish is dioecious and oviparous. Monthly changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed a similar pattern to change in the mean oocyte diameter and the reproductive cycle. The reproductive period occurred from March to July-August; the spawning period was once a year between truly and August, and the main spawning occurred in August when active and voracious feeding occurred during the rainy season. In the resting (dormant) stage after spawning, fish stopped feeding and aestivated during the dry season from December to February. The reproductive cycle of the species can be divided into five successive stages, quiescent stage (March to April), developing/maturing stage (April to lune), ripe/spawning stage (July to August), post-spawning stage (September to November), and resting (dormant) stage (December to February).

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2009

This study examined the maturation and main spawning season of Japanese spear lobsters, Linuparus tirgonus(Von Siebold) captured around Jeju island from January to September, 2008. Carapace length(CL), body weight(BW) and gonad weight(GW) were measured. Gonadosomatic index(GSI) and sex ratio were calculated. In female group, CL showed the highest value in June and decreased after August. GW showed a peak in July and decreased rapidly after August. The mean gonadosomatic Index(GSI) reached a maximum value between June and August. Number of egg ranged from 143,360 to 189,504.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.740-744
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• 2002

The relationship of gonad weight and liver weight with body weight of six fish species viz; Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala, Hypophthlamichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Cyprinus carpio under the influence of artificial feed, broiler manure, buffalo manure, N:P:K (25:25:0) and a control pond were examined after a rearing period of one year. The positive relationship between gonad weight and body weight was significant which showed the dependence of gonadal development on body weight in all the six fish species. The currelation coefficients were higher in female fishes. However, the major carps had a much smaller proportional gonadal weight as compared with Chinese carps and a common carp due to their faster growth rate. The overall comparison of six fish species under different experimental treatments revealed that highest liver weight was observed for C. idella closely followed by C. carpio. The maximum correlation value was observed with H. molitrix under the broiler manure. The maximum Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) remained as 32.63 for C. carpio followed by C. idella. The maximum value for Hepatosomatic Index (HSI). remained 1.99 for C. idella followed by C. mrigala.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2004

Maturation and spawning of Acentrogobius pflaumi were studied using samples collected from the Gwangyang Bay, Korea, from January to December, 1999. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the female was the highest in May. The spawning season lasted from May to June. There was a significant difference in the 1 : 0.59 sex ratio between males and females (p<0.01). The percentage of sexually mature females was over $50\%$ for the size group between 4.5 cm and 4.9 cm, and $100\%$ for the size group over 5.5 cm in body length. The size of eggs spawned was between 0.4 to 0.6 mm, and the spawning occured once a year. Fecundity varied between 3,600 and 9,700 eggs. The relationship between the fecundity and body length of the fish was expressed in the fecundity equation as; $F=0.294{\times}10^3\;BL^{1.899}.$ The first spawning length was 4 cm BL.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.247-260
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• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the histomorphological changes of ovaries obtained from 100 of 1-year-old female Korean loach(misgurnus anguillicaudatus). The light microscopic and ultrastructural changes ofooplasm and follicular membranes of oocytes, were observed by lightand transmission electron microscope during the reproductive cycle. All data were collected from November in 1991 to May in 1992. The results obtained in this study were as follows: The size of the nucleoli and number of the yolk granules increased as the oocytes grown. Yolk granules were loosely deposited in the oocytes as crystalline granules. Due to the presence of large early and late maturing oocytes, their ovaries were enlarged, transparent, granular and yellowish in color. The lattice was broken down at hydration, leaving the egg transparent. As the percentages of fish in LMO and RO stage increased from March to April, mean gonadosomatic index(GSI) values(18.49%) increased. Zona radiata change a squamous into cuboid shape in EMO stage. Processes from the granulosa cells and from the oocyte, microvilli grow and make contact with other in the pore canals of the zona radiata during vitellogenesis, but are withdrawn as the zona radiata becomes more compact and devoid of pore canals during oocyte maturation. Seasonal changes in the microscopic appearance of the ovaries were well correlated with those in both GSI and macroscopic appearance.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

Sexual maturation and reproductive cycle of the bat star Asterina pectinifera were investigated by histological method. Specimens were collected monthly in Donghwari, Gosunggun, Korea from January 2004 to February 2005. The bat star was dioecious. The gonads are composed of a number of gametogenic follicles. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) of female and male were reached the maximum in July (5.72, 4.54) and the minimum in December (0.89) and January, February (0.51), and the gonad index (GI) of female and male were reached the maximum in July (3.53, 3.91) and the minimum in August (0.95) and October to December (1.0), respectively. The main spawning was from August to September. The reproductive cycle of the bat star could be divided into five stages: in the female, inactive (November-February), early active (January February), late active (March-June), ripe (July), spent and degenerative (August-November) and in the male, inactive (November-February), early active (January-March), late active (April-June), ripe (July), spent and degenerative (August-October), respectively.