• Title/Summary/Keyword: GROUND FIRE

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Analysis of Forest Fire Damage Using LiDAR Data and SPOT-4 Satellite Images (LiDAR 자료 및 SPOT-4 위성영상을 활용한 산불피해 분석)

  • Song, Yeong Sun;Sohn, Hong Gyoo;Lee, Seok Woo
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.26 no.3D
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    • pp.527-534
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    • 2006
  • This study estimated the forest damage of Kangwon-Do fire disaster occurred April 2005. For the estimation, the delineation of fire damaged area was performed using SPOT-4 satellite image and DSM (Digital surface model)/DTM (Digital Terrain Model) was generated by airborne and ground LiDAR data to calculate forests height. The damaged amount of money was calculated in forest area using stand volume formula, combining the canopy height from forest height model and digital stock map. The total forest damage amounted to 3.9 billion won.

Fire Safety Assessment Based on FSA and Risk Reduction of Machinery System Considering Functional Safety (기능적 안전을 고려한 FSA기반 기관 구역 화재 안전성 평가 및 개선)

  • Suh, Sung-Won;Yang, Young-Soon;Chung, So-Yeon;Ryu, Won-Sun
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.49 no.3
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    • pp.239-246
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    • 2012
  • It is the well-known fact that most part of goods transported are moved on the unfavorable ocean and even a small amount of accident on sea is extremely dangerous for human lives, financial losses, and social responsibility. Among the several causes of accidents, those by fire have occurred frequently and their damage has been highly serious. The aim of this paper is to assess the risk of fires due to oil leakage in the machinery space. To define the possible fire scenario, our team has performed the search of casualty database and reviewed the previous and various studies in the field. As a result, it is noted that the quantitative risk of the fire scenario have been evaluated on the ground of the FSA risk model. The expected frequency of a fire amounts to incidents during the life of a ship, and the expected financial damage amounts to 5,654 USD per a ship. By adopting Safety Instrumented System (SIS) introduced in IEC 61508 and IEC 61511, SIS model is designed to prevent oil leakage fire as a risk reduction method. It is concluded that System Integrity Level (SIL) 1 seems to be appropriate level of SIS.

Near Real Time Burnt Scars Monitoring using MODIS in Thailand

  • Tanpipat Veerachai;Honda Kiyoshi;Akaakara Siri
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 2005
  • A new methodology to detect forest fire burnt scars at near real time using MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data is presented here with a goal of introducing a new and improved capability to detect forest fire burnt scars in Thailand. This new technology is expected to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the forest fire tackling resources distribution and management of the country. Using MODIS data in burnt scars detection has two major advantages - high availability of data and high resolution per performance ratio. Results prove the near real time algorithm suitable and working well in order to monitor the forest fire dynamic movement. The algorithm is based on the threshold separated linear equation of burnt and un-burnt. A ground truth experiment confirms the burnt and un-burnt? areas characteristics (temperature and NDVI). A threshold line on a scatter plot of Band I and Band 2 is determined to separate the burnt from un-burnt pixels. The different threshold values of NDVI and temperature use to identify pixels' anomaly, abnormal low NDVI and high temperature. The overlay (superimpose) method is used to verify burnt pixels. Since forest fire is a dynamic phenomenon, MODIS burnt scars information is suiting well to fill in the missing temporal information of LANDSAT for the forest fire control managing strategy in Thailand. This study was conducted in the Huai-Kha-Kaeng (HKK) Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand

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Plug-and-Play Framework for Connectivity Control and Self-Reconfiguration of Weapon System Components (무기체계 구성장치의 연결성 제어 및 자율 재구성을 위한 플러그앤플레이 프레임워크)

  • Chang, HyeMin;Kang, SukJong;Cho, YoungGeol;Yoon, JooHong;Yun, Jihyeok
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.328-338
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    • 2021
  • A study on common modular design based on open standards to reduce the life cycle cost of ground weapon system is underway. Since the ground weapon system includes major mission equipment such as fire control system, it is essential to apply the concept of fault tolerance through automatic reconfiguration and blocking unspecified equipment through connectivity control. However, it is difficult to generalize due to the difference in operating characteristics for each system. In this paper, we propose a plug-and-play framework, which includes plug-and-play architecture and mechanism. The proposed method can be used in common by the application of each component as it is divided into a common service layer. In addition, the proposed connectivity control and autonomous reconfiguration method facilitates reflection of operating characteristics for each system. We constructed a verification environment that can simulate ground weapon systems and components, and verified that the proposed framework works through scenario-based functional tests.

Analysis of Fire Risk Assessment Indicators of Publicly-Used Establishments using Delphi/AHP (Delphi/AHP를 활용한 다중이용업 신종업종의 화재위험평가지표 분석)

  • Kim, Myung-Cheol;Kim, Hak-Joong;Park, Kyung-Hwan;Youn, Hae-Kwon;Lee, Seung-Ho
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.33 no.6
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2019
  • Through a press release dated July 17, 2018, the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission recommended that the National Fire Agency develop preventive measures against fire in the "Indoor Archery Ground" and "Room Escape Café" etc., which were originally excluded from the category of "Publicly Used Establishments." This study developed the hierarchy of domains and indicators of measurement for fire risk assessment of the new business of publicly used establishments through the Delphi Method. It analyzed the goodness of fit scores (over 3.00) and secured an average score of 4.25. Using AHP analysis, the ratio of consistency for the domains of measurement of fire risk assessment was found to be 4.0%, which was lower than CR ≤ 0.1 (10%). The consistency of subsequent measurement indicators were distributed in the range of 0.1%~3.6%, and they were identified as being commonly consistent. The indicators of measurement appeared as follows in order of importance and priority: Type of Internal Passage of Establishment and Evacuation Capacity of Exit (0.316), Control of Ignition Source (0.141), Inherent Risk (0.106), Appropriateness and Adaptiveness of Fire Detection System (0.097), Control of Inflammables/Combustibles (0.084), Guides and Facilities helping Evacuation (0.075), Fire Resistant Structure and Finishing Materials (0.060), Compartmentalization and Emergency Exit (0.049), Risk of Fire Expansion (0.046), and Appropriateness and Adaptiveness of Fire Extinguishing Facilities (0.026). The findings of this study are expected to be expansively used as data for future research on the development of fire risk assessment indicators.

Design and Implementation of A SVG Wireless-Map Mapping Viewer : A Case Study on Mobile GIS for Forest Fire Extinguishment Ground Teams (SVG 무선지도 매핑 뷰어의 설계 및 구현 : 지상진화대 Mobile GIS 적용 사례를 중심으로)

  • Bu, Ki-Dong;Jo, Myung-Hee;Jo, Yun-Won;Ahn, Hae-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.10-19
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    • 2008
  • This study designed and implemented a J2ME based on mapping viewer to browse the SVG based wireless-map in mobile phone. This proposed technique was efficiently applied to a forest fire extinguishment information management system by mapping the exact location of important objects on wireless-map in wireless network. As the result, the study helps to guide the safe and efficient extinguishment affairs and provides the safe extinguishment environment for ground fire fighting teams in real time. And also this technique presents the way to move the client mapping function such as representation of the moving coordinates to server and made it possible to operate SVG based viewer in personal cellular phone.

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Simulation of Shot Impact by a Wearable Smart Individual Weapon Mounted on a Forearm (하박 장착용 스마트 개인무장의 발사충격에 의한 인체거동 해석)

  • Koo, Sungchan;Kim, Taekyung;Choi, Minki;Kim, Sanghyun;Choi, Sungho;Lee, Yongsun;Kim, Jay J.
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.806-814
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    • 2019
  • One of the future weapon systems is the individual smart weapon which has a structure mounted on the forearm of soldiers. The structure may cause injuries or affect the accuracy of fire due to its impact on joints when shooting. This paper proposes human-impact interaction modeling and a verification methodology in order to estimate the impact of fire applied to the forearm. For this purpose, a human musculoskeletal model was constructed and the joints' behavior in various shooting positions was simulated. In order to verify the simulation results, an impact testing device substituting the smart weapon was made and the experiment was performed on a real human body. This paper compares the simulation results performed under various impact conditions and the experimental values in terms of accuracy and introduces methods to complement them. The results of the study are expected to be a basis for a reliable human-impact interaction modeling, and smart individual weapon development.

Evaluation of fire-proofing performance of reinforced concrete tunnel lining coated by newly developed material (신개발 내화재료에 피복된 철근콘크리트 터널라이닝의 내화성능평가)

  • Park, Hae-Genn;Kim, Jang-Ho Jay
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.329-336
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    • 2008
  • Efficient traffic network is required in urban area for good living condition. However, dense traffic network creates traffic jam and gives bad influences to the ground environment. Therefore, advanced use of underground and tunnel is required. But, in the last 20 years many tunnel fire accidents have occurred all over the world. Increase of tunnels and increase of traffics result in increase of tunnel fire. Tunnel fire creates damage to people and to the tunnel structure. Also, tunnel fire creates a big economical loss. In a mountain tunnel, the stability of the tunnel will not be disturbed by fire although the tunnel lining will get a severe damage. However, in a shield tunnel or immersed tube tunnel, cut and cover tunnel, there is a high possibility that tunnel itself will collapse by fire because their tunnel concrete lining is designed as a structural member. The aim of this experimental research is to verify the fire protection performance of newly developed cementitious material compared with the broadly used existing products in Europe and Japan. For the experiments, the general NATM tunnel concrete linings with the newly developed material were tested using fire loading curve of RABT (Maximum peak temperature is $1,200^{\circ}C$) and RWS (Maximum peak temperature is $1,350^{\circ}C$). From the test results, the newly developed fire protection material applied with 30 mm thickness showed good fire-proofing performance under RABT fire loading.

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Evaluation test of applicability of Compressed Air Foam fire extinguishing system for train fire at rescue station in Subsea tunnel (해저터널 구난역 열차화재시 압축공기포(Compressed Air Foam) 소화설비의 적용성 평가 실험)

  • Park, Byoung-Jik;Shin, Hyun-Jun;Yoo, Yong-Ho;Park, Jin-Ouk;Kim, Hwi-Seong
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.413-418
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    • 2016
  • Recently, a mega project such as Korea-China or Korea-Japan undersea tunnel project has been emerged for detail discussion and the interest in undersea tunnel is on the rise. More severe damage by train fire is expected in undersea tunnel comparing to ground tunnel and thus the study on more efficient fire extinguishing system, besides existing disaster prevention design is underway. To that end, a full-scale fire tests using CAF fire extinguishing system which has been developed by modifying traditional foam fire extinguishing system for fire suppression at rescue station in timely manner were conducted over 7 times. The test was conducted after setting the rescue station in virtual tunnel with a car of KTX. As a result of using compressed air foam directly to the fire source, 30 liter of Heptane combustibles was extinguished within 1 minutes. Applicability of compressed air foam to train fire at rescue station in undersea tunnel was has been proven and further study is considered required while changing the nozzle angle and location so as to achieve quick and easy extinguishing goal, making use of the advantage of CAF, as well as to reduce the fire water and chemicals required.

Forest Fire Monitoring System Using Satellite (위성활용 산불감시 시스템 구축)

  • Park, Beom-Sun;Cho, In-Je;Lim, Jae-Hwan;Kim, In-Bae
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.11 no.11
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    • pp.143-150
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    • 2021
  • It introduces the contents of establishing a geostationary satellite-based forest fire monitoring system that can monitor areas of the Korean Peninsula 24 hours a day for forest fire monitoring, and describes how to establish a forest fire monitoring system and use it in various ways. In order to establish a satellite-utilized forest fire monitoring system, we will describe and draw conclusions on literature research, technical principles, forest fire monitoring means, and satellite forest fire monitoring system. The satellite-utilized forest fire monitoring system can consist of one geostationary satellite equipped with infrared detection optical sensors and a ground processing station that processes data received from satellites to spread surveillance information. Forest fire monitoring satellites are located in the country's geostationary orbit and should be operated 24 hours a day, 365 days a day. Forest fire monitoring technology is an infrared detection technology that can be used in national public interests such as forest fire monitoring and national security. It should be operated 24 hours a day, and to satisfy this, it is efficient to establish a geostationary satellite-based forest fire monitoring satellite system.