• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2011

The purpose of the present study was to identify the differences in GRBAS scales between vocal sample types (sustained vowels and connected speech) for specific laryngeal conditions (vocal nodules, vocal polyps and vocal paralysis) and the relations between GRBAS scale and Shimmer value in each vocal sample type. In this study, the total of 60 voice samples of 30 patients (10 vocal nodules, 10 vocal polyps, 10 vocal paralysis) were examined and MDVP (Multi-dimensional Voice Program) was used to analyze Shimmer value. Three listeners rated two types of samples which were sorted randomly based on GRBAS scale. Three-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and paired t-test were used. The outcome of this study was as follow. 1) GRBAS scales varied in vocal sample types. Listeners tended to assess voices as better quality when they listened connected speech rather than sustained vowels. 2) G score of GRBAS and Shimmer were positively correlated with statistical significance. This results show that 1) vocal specialists should consider the sample types in evaluating the severity of voice problem and 2) G score could be a simple and clear method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.154-163
• /
• 1999

GRBAS scale, the tool fir the perceptual evaluation of voice, demands the experience of judges, and MDVP parameters of CSL, the tool for the objective measurements of voice quality demands the exact interpretation of the analyzed results. The two tools should be used as compensatory evaluation methods, so the experimental study was performed to investigate the correlation between GRBAS scales and MDVP parameters by using the pathologic voice of the 30 patients with vocal polyps, and to know the significant MDVP parameters which the inexperienced GRBAS scale judges should attend to. The 30 subjects voices, saved in MDVP of CSL were analyzed by its own analysis program, and three experienced voice therapists judged the same voices by using GRBAS scales. The correlations between them were analyzed by Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. As results, among the 29 MDVP parameters, 22 parameters showed statistically significant correlation with Grade(G) scale(p＜0.05). And it was found that Roughness(R) scale showed significant correlation with 18 parameters, Breathiness(B) scale with 17 parameters, Strain(S) scale with 12 parameters. In Asthenicity(A) scale, no parameter showed significant correlation. On the whole, significantly high correlation were found in the parameters related with pitch ind amplitude perturbation, especially, the amplitude perturbation.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2000

The present study was performed to find efficient and useful length of voice sample for MDVP analysis, by investigating the correlation between perceptual GRBAS scales and objective MDVP measurements, with the five different lengths of voices of 20 patients with vocal polyp: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 seconds. The results are following: (1) 1.5-second sample of MDVP showed the highest correlation between the perceptual judgement and objective measurement, and 1.0-second sample showed the lowest. The difference between the two samples was found in the number of the statistically significant correlated pairs of MDVP parameter-GRBAS scale. (2) The two extreme edges of the lengths, 0.5-second and 2.5 second showed no statistically significant difference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.89-95
• /
• 2008

Subjective voice evaluation is necessary and important to assess the voice disorders in addition to objective voice evaluation. Subjective voice evaluation is divided into examiner and examinee subjective voice assessment. The examiner assessment represents perceptual judgment to the patient's voice such as GRBAS scale, Buffalo voice profile, consensus auditory perceptual evaluation of voice (CAPE- V) and so on. The examinee assessment consists of indirect method including voice handicap index (VHI), voice outcome survey (VOS), voice symptom scale (VoiSS), voice related quality of life (V-ROQL) and direct method which is called patient's self-subjective voice rating. This review article describes a general rule, advantages and pitfalls about GRBAS scale, VHI and patient's self-subjective voice rating which are presently most representative voice assessment tools.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.180-180
• /
• 1999

배경 : 음성평가시 그 음질을 파악하기 위한 검사 중 주관적 검사로서 많이 쓰이는 것은 GRBAS 척도에 의한 청인지적 4단계 평정이고, 객관적 검사로서 널리 쓰이고 있는 검사 도구는 CSL 중 MDVP이다. 이중 GRBAS 검사는 평가자의 고도의 숙련도를 요구하며, MDVP에 의한 음성평가는, 나타난 결과에 대한 정확한 해석을 요구한다. 목적 : 이에, 1차적으로 음성과용 환자를 대상으로 하여, GRBAS 척도에 의한 청인지적 음성평가 결과와 CSL 중 MDVP에 의한 객관적 음성평가 결과에 대한 상관성을 비교, 분석해 보고, 이를 통하여 청인지적 음성평가에 숙련되지 못한 평가자가 객관적 검사도구를 통하여 음성평가를 하고자 할 때 주목해야 할 변인들에 관하여 알아보고자 한다. (중략)

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.51-61
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare voice characteristics and voice-related quality of life (K-VRQOL) of the elderly female choir members using perceptual-auditory voice quality evaluation (GRBAS) and K-VRQOL scales. The participants were 77 women over 60 years old who were actively engaged in the choir in either Seoul or Busan. There are two kinds of choirs that indicate different engagement levels: regular choir and church choir. The perceptual-auditory vocal quality evaluation was listened to by / a / vowels and were graded by experts using the GRBAS scale. As a result, when comparing the differences between groups, the elderly female participants of the regular choir showed higher satisfaction in speech using the subjective speech recognition level than the elderly female members who performed in the church choir. In addition, the analysis showed that the satisfaction level was high in the physical function area of the K-VRQOL scale. This study confirmed that choral activities could yield positive results not only in terms of improving voice function in old age, but also to improve the subjective perception level of voice use, thus suggesting the necessity of systematic music programs to improve voices that are aging.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Seo Dongil's voice technique on voice quality in patient with adductor spasmodic dysphonia. One patient participated in the study. The subject was assessed acoustically (Ave Fo, Ave Int, percent speech time, percent silence time, percent voice time, percent voiceless time) and perceptually (GRBAS scales) in the first and last session. Dr. Speech (version 4.0, Tiger-DRS) was used to compare acoustic parameters of pre-and post-treatment. Seo Dongil's voice technique consisted of relaxation, breathing exercise and phonation exercise. The results were as follows: First, Seo Dongil's voice technique tented to be effective on decreasing voice break and voice stoppage in patient with adductor spasmodic dysphonia. Second, GRBAS scales showed that Seo Dongil's voice technique was effective on improving voice quality of patient with adductor spasmodic dysphonia.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 2014

MDVP and Praat are measured by nine variables in common; F0, jitter local, jitter absolute, jitter relative average perturbation, jitter period perturbation quotient, shimmer local, shimmer dB, shimmer amplitude perturbation quotient, and NHR. In the present study, 30 female subjects were divided by their disorders(control group, vocal nodule group), ages(from 18 to 50 years old), gender(women), and severities of voice disorder(GRBAS-G0, G1, G2). Then, the subjects' vowel /a/ was evaluated by MDVP and Praat. First, jitter and shimmer variables of the MDVP were significantly different by severities. Praat showed different jitter, shimmer, and NHR parameters by severities. Second, jitter and NHR levels of MDVP were meaningfully higher than Praat regardless their severities. The result of the research confirms the relationships among GRBAS, MDVP and Praat as well as the differences in acoustic variables between MDVP and Praat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 2015

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the correlation between the measurements of Praat as an acoustic evaluation and those of GRBAS and CAPE-V as perceptual rating tool respectively. Through this, it also tries to find out parameters to which attention should be paid when an evaluator, who is untrained in auditory-perceptual voice evaluation, conducts voice evaluation with objective tool. Materials and Methods:Voice samples of this study were 33 vocal polyp patients(23 males and 10 females) who visited our Department of Otorhinolaryngology. They sustained vowel voices of 'e' were recorded and acoustically analyzed. Results:As the results of correlation analysis between GRBAS and Praat measurements, G scale and R scale showed statistically significant correlation with Jitt, Shim and NHR. And it is found that B scale represented significant correlation with Jitt, S scale with Shim. As the results of analysis on correlation with CAPE-V and Praat measurements, OS scale and R scale showed statistically significant correlation with Jitt, Shim and NHR. B scale represented significant correlation with Jitt, S scale with Shim. Conclusion:Although, both GRBAS and CAPE-V were highly reliable, in comparison between CAPE-V and Pratt, more parameters that showed statistically significant correlation are observed, which implies that VAS has more potential to make detailed evaluation than ORD.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.147-154
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of voice improvement when vocal training, which relaxes the vocal contact, is applied to children with vocal nodules. Subjects included 20 5- to 12-year-old boys with vocal nodules in Otolaryngology and for whom voice therapy had been advised. The vocal therapy was conducted for 40 minutes per a week for a total of eight times. Results were evaluated by videostroboscopy, auditory-perceptual evaluation of GRBAS Scale, aerodynamic test, and acoustic analysis before and after therapy. As a result, first, the size of vocal nodules was reduced and the unstable pattern of vocal contact was improved. Glottic closure was increased and Phase symmetry was decreased during vocal vibration. Mucosal wave was increased and muscle tension of the larynx was reduced. Second, auditory-perceptual evaluation showed that subjects' overall quality of voice improved. GRBAS Scale Evaluation showed that the characteristics of the subjects' voice which were rough, breathy, and strained and breathy were reduced after therapy. Third, the measurements of acoustic parameters showed a statistically significant improvement. The fundamental frequency of the subejects' voice was increased and values of Jitter and Shimmer, NHR, [H1-H2] decreased. Fourth, the maximum phonation time of children was increased. These results imply that vocal relaxation training conducted in this study has a very positive effect to improve the voice of children with vocal nodules.