• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.185-189
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• 1989

Effect of perilla oil on the fatty acid composition, ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in the liver microsomes, or cholesterol and protein in serum of rabbit were examined. 1. The content of total protein in serum was almost same amount of both groups, but ${\alpha_1}-globulin$ and r-globuline were incresed or ${\beta}-globulin$ was decresed compared with control. 2. The content of high density lipoprotein incresed, and the content of low density lipoprotein decresed in lipoprotein. 3. Total cholesterol and triglyceride were decresed, and the content of phospholipid was incresed. 4. Perilla oil did not effect for changing blood glucose and $Na^+,\;K^+$ electrolytes. 5. Perilla oil did not effect for changing serum GOT and GPT in rabbit. 6. The activity of ACAT decresed and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase incresed. The activity of ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in liver microsomes were reciprocal. 7. There were arachidonic acid 20:4, eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5, and docosahexaenoic acid 22:6 in the liver microsomes of rabbits. These highly polyunsaturated fatty acids were convented from linolenic acid 18:3 n-3.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2002

The cholesterol and fatty acid levels in serum and liver were compared in 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley male fed by addition of polymannuronate (M, 5.0％), polyguluronate (G, 5.0％), and polymannuronate and polyguluronate (MG, 2.5％ to each) with by addition of cholesterol (1.0％). Feed efficiency by the addition of M, MG, and G was lower than cholesterol fed group (p＜0.01). The liver weights were less in M, MG, and G fed groups than in cholesterol fed group (p＜0.01). Triglyceride levels in serum and liver were 58.2∼77.4％ and 51.5∼65.5％ lower in M, G and MG fed groups than cholesterol fed group, respectively. Total-, LDL-, and free-cholesterol levels in serum and liver in M, MG, and G fed group were significantly lower than cholesterol fed group. The cholesterol levels were the most reduced in M fed group. However, HDL- cholesterol level in serum was increased in M, MG, and G fed group (p＜0.01). The of polyene levels were 47％ higher in serum and 76％ in liver in M fed group than in cholesterol fed group. The activities of GOT and GPT were lower in M, MG, and G fed group than in cholesterol fed group (p＜0.01). Above the results demonstrate that supplementation of low molecular polymannuronate in diets improve physiologically lipid composition in serum and liver.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 2003

To investigate the effects of the supplementation of carnitine and/or ${\gamma}$ -aminobutric acid (GABA), Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet (control), a control diet plus ethanol (CE, 4 g ethanol/kg bw), CE plus L-carnitine (CEC, 0.5 g/kg bw), CE plus GABA (CEG, 0.5 g/kg bw), or CE plus L-carnitine plus GABA (CECG, 0.25 g/kg bw each) for 6 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the CE group and were decreased significantly in the CEC, CEG and CECG groups. HDL-cholesterol was increased and LDL-cholesterol was decreased in the CEG and CECG groups compared with the CE group. Serum GOT and GPT levels increased by the chronic ethanol administration were decreased in the CEC group. In addition, we have evaluated the mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I in those groups. Supplementation of carnitine/GABA had some recovery effects on the liver CPT-I mRNA levels which decreased by chronic ethanol administration. These results may suggest that supplementations of either L-carnitine or GABA aye effective on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related symptoms, but no combined effects were shown.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 1999

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of biphenyl dimethyl idcarboxylate (PMC) on the humoral immunosuppression by ketoconazole (KCZ) in ICR mice. PMC at a dose of 6 mg/kg was administered orally to mice daily for 14 consecutive days. KCZ was suspended in RPMI 1640 medium and orally administered at 160 mg/kg/day 2 hrs after the administration of PMC. Mice were immunized an challenged with challenged red blood cells (SRBC). The results of the present study are summarized as follows; a gain of body weight and relative weights of spleen and liver were significantly increased by combination of PMC and KCZ, as compared with those in mice treated with KCZ alone. Splenic plaque forming cells (PFC) and hemagglutination (HA) titers to SRBC were greatly enhanced by the combination of PMC and KCZ, compared with treatment of KCZ alone. The elevation of serum glutamicpyruvic transminase (S-GPT) and total protein levels caused by KCZ were reduced to normal level by the combination of PMC and KCZ. In addition, lower serum albumin and A/G ratio were also increased to normal level. These findings indicate that PMC has a protective effect against KCZ-induced humoral immunosuppression.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2020.05a
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• pp.519-522
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• 2020

1989년에 WWW(World Wide Web)이 도입 되면서 세계적으로 인터넷의 보급이 시작되었다. 정보화 시대라고 알려진 3차 산업혁명 이후로 대량의 정보들이 소셜 미디어를 통하여 생산되었다. 소셜미디어는 2007년에 인터넷 사용자들 중 56%의 이용률을 보였지만 2008년 2분기에는 75%의 이용률로 증가함에 따라 대부분의 사용자들이 많이 사용하며 의존하게 되었다. 또한 소셜 미디어를 통해 발생 되는 데이터들을 이용하여 기업들은 이윤 창출을 할 수 있다. 하지만 이러한 소셜 미디어는 악의적인 목적을 통해 주가 조작, 정치적 선동 등을 할 수 있는 가짜 뉴스와 허위 정보들을 생성할 수 있으며 이에 따라 대책이 시급하다. 또한 가짜 뉴스는 사람이 글을 작성할 수도 있지만 최근 인공지능 기술의 발달에 따라 프로그램을 통해 자동적으로 생성 될 수도 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 실제 뉴스와 인공지능을 기반으로 한 뉴스를 분석한다. Kaggle에서 실제 뉴스 데이터를 수집하여 헤드라인을 OpenAI의 GPT-2 언어 모델을 통해 뉴럴 가짜 뉴스를 생성 하였다. 파이썬의 NLTK 모듈을 이용하여 전처리를 진행하였고 t-검정과 박스 플롯을 활용하여 분석을 진행하였다. 분석된 주요 속성들을 의사결정트리를 통해 모델 검증을 하였고 k-fold 교차검증을 통해 분류 모델을 평가하였다. 결과로 전체 분류 정확도 평균 89%의 성능을 보여주었다.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.369-378
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• 2023

In this study, clinically healthy Korean rockfish were provided by a farm and then raised in a lab for 14 days at three different temperatures (10℃, 15℃, and 20℃) to establish hematological, blood biochemical, and histopathological reference intervals against normal fish. Hematocrit, MCV, MCHC, total protein, BUN, and GPT values in the blood showed significant differences among temperature groups. As the water temperature increased, neutrophil, thrombocyte, and lymphocyte counts also rose, while the monocyte value peaked at 15℃. The histopathological score revealed significant variations in the gills, stomach, and inflammation indices by temperature group; the gills and inflammation indices peaked at 20℃, whereas the stomach index peaked at 15℃. It is expected that information on these normal values will serve as a fundamental collection of data for further studies related to laboratory-based experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 1985

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of dietary fibers on serum and liver lipids of cholesterol-fed rats. Forty-two male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighed $145{\pm}10\;g$ were divided into 6 groups, each group receiving a different diet for 6 weeks, i.e., basal diet, basal diet plus 0.5% cholesterol without fiber, basal diet plus 0.5% cholesterol and 5% pectin, basal diet plus 0.5% cholesterol and 5% agar, basal diet plus 0.5% cholesterol and 5% pectin plus tannic acid mixture and basal diet plus 0.5% cholesterol and 5% tannic acid. The lowest net weight gain and digestibility were found in 5% tannic acid-containing group. The weight of kidney, heart and lung was significant by different, however, those of liver and spleen was not significantly different among the groups tested. GOT and GPT of serum were significantly higher in 0.5% cholesterol-containing group without fiber, whereas those of 5% pectin-containing group were significantly lower. Highest total serum protein content was found in 0.5% cholesterol-containing group without fiber. However, albumin and A/G ratio were not significant. The content of total lipid and cholesterol in serum were not significant by different among the groups studied, whereas crude lipid contents of liver in 5% tannic acid and pectin plus tannic acid-containing groups were significantly lower. Cholesterol content in the liver was significantly lower in 5% tannic acid-containing group. Crude lipid and sterol content of feces were significantly higher in 5% pectin-containing group.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.117-133
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• 2008

Objectives : Since ancient times, Koreans have applied medicinal spabaths for treatment of various diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of strontium, one of the common ingredients of such baths, experimentally on acute skin barrier damage. Materials and Methods : Male hairless mice, average weight 20g, were divided into six groups. Each group consisted of five mice. The first was the normal, non-treated group. The second was the control group with acute skin barrier damage intentionally induced by TS. The third was the Ba-Sr1 group bathed in 1mg/L strontium chloride before and after inducing acute skin barrier damage by TS. The fourth was the Ba-Sr7 group bathed in 7mg/L strontium chloride before and after inducing acute skin barrier damage by TS. The fifth was the Sr1 group bathed in 1mg/L of strontium chloride only after intentionally inducing acute skin barrier damage by TS. The sixth was the Sr7 group bathed in 7mg/L of strontium chloride only after intentionally inducing acute skin barrier damage by TS. External changes of skin, skin erythema level, transepidermal water loss level, and GOT and GPT level of each group were checked immediately before and after TS, 3 hrs, 5 hrs and 24 hrs after inducing acute skin barrier damage. Then, tissue samples were made and examined for damage to epithelial cells, stratum corneum, change of mucous polysaccharide in dermis and amount of mast cells. Statistical analysis was performed by one way-ANOVA, Scheffe and Duncan for a post hoc test and pairwise comparison for comparing for difference between each time. Statistical significance was achieved if the probability was less than 5% (p<0.05) Results : 1. From skin erythema and TEWL level indicating the function of the skin barrier, we can know that it is helpful to the skin barrier to bathe in a water solution including a low concentration of strontium. 2. In the control group with acute skin barrier damage induced by TS, skin barrier damage persisted until 3-5 hrs and recovered after 5-24 hrs. Differently from the control group, in the case of taking a bath in a water solution including strontium, skin barrier damage recovered after only 3-5 hrs. Therefore, the bath with a water solution including strontium can promote recovery of the skin barrier. 3. Bathing in water solution including a higher concentration of strontium was more beneficial to recovery of skin barrier damage. 4. There was no influence on serum GOT and GPT from bathing in a water solution including strontium. Conclusions : The strontium was effective for recovery and mitigation of acute skin barrier damage induced by tape stripping. I suggest that strontium (Sr) can be used as an external treatment medicine, addedinto bath water to treat acute skin barrier damage.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 1992

Effects of vitamin E, C and/or glycyrrhizin in the artificially oxidized feed on the growth and on the resistance aganist Edwardsiella tarda infection to Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, were examined. The thiobarbitric acid (TBA) values of the oxidized feed were $80\~88$ mg/kg. The fingerling fish were fed the oxidized feed with or without the mixture of vitamin E (50 mg), C (60 mg) and/or glycyrrhizin ($25\~200$ mg) per 100 g of the feed for 7 weeks. The fish fed the oxidized feed with vitamin E, C and/or glycyrrhizin showed better growth than the fish fed the oxidized feed only. But growth rates among the fish fed different amount of vitamins or glycyrrhizin mixed feed were not different. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels in the serum increased only in the fish which were fed oxidized feed without vitamin E, C and/or glycyrrhizin. With the fish artificially infected with E. tarda: they showed low survival rate when fed oxidized feed and oxidized feed plus 25 mg glycyrrhizin per 100 g feed. The fish fed oxidized feed plus vitiamin E, C and/or glycyrrhizin ($50\~200$ mg/100 g), showed higher survival. These results show that the supplementation of oxidized lipids depress the growth and liver activity, while the addition of vitamin E, C and/or glycyrrhizin in the diet accelerated the growth, liver activity, and the resistance to E. tarda infection.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2004

This study investigated the synergy effects of hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system of rats on hypercholesterol diets. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed either a hypercholesterol diet with water or a hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine. The experimental groups consisted of the control group (CO), the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES), and the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC). Eleutherococcus senticosus was extracted, made into 0.5% solution, and fed to the ES and ESC groups. A 3% carnitine diet was supplied to the ESC group. Hypercholesterol diets contained 18% beef tallow and 5% cholesterol. After 4 weeks of administering these diets, serum and liver were obtained and the level of serum lipid and the activities of GOT and GPT were measured. In addition, the level of liver lipid and TBARS and the activity of GSH-Px were measured. The results were as follows: 1) Weight gain and FER in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC) was low significantly(P<0.05). 2) In the groups supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES) and the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherocorcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC), total serum cholesterol levels were both significantly low (P<0.05,P.0.01). 3) Serum GOT activity was significantly low(P<0.05) in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES) and in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietary carnitine(ESC). There was no difference between serum GPT activity in the control group and the groups supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus or dietary carnitine. 4) Liver triglyceride was low (P.0.05) in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC). No difference was observed in other lipid composition, TBARS level, and GSH-px activity in liver between the control group and the experimental groups. In summary, the effects of hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system (such as weight gain, FER, total serum cholesterol and liver triglyceride) were low when Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine were supplied simultaneously.