• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.311-318
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• 1991

The DNA fragment representing for Pseudorabies gp50 and gp60(Shope) was cloned by recombinant techniques. The viral DNA was extracted from the infected cells and digested with Bam HI. The 6.8 Kb of Bam HI fragment was isolated from agarose gel and further digested with Nde I followed by Klenow treatment. The blunt ended 4.9Kb fragment was cloned into pTZ18R plasmid vector. The upstream region of gp50 was further manipulated to remove its 5' promoter region and create EcoRl site for possible eukaryotic expression system. The result of partial sequencing of cloned DNA indicated that Shope strain showed 95% homology with gp50 of Rice strain.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.363-366
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• 2010

Identification of compounds that function as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates or inhibitors can facilitate the selection and optimization of new drug candidates. The purpose of this study is to optimize the experimental conditions for in vitro P-gp assay using LLC-GA5 cells, which is a well-known transformant cell line derived by transfecting LLC-PK1 with human MDR1. The amount of rhodamine123 transported by the LLC-GA5 and LLC-PK1 cells was evaluated under the following experimental conditions: 3 different types of transport media, colchicine pretreatment or nontreatment of the cells in the culture media, and with and without poly-L-lysine coating of the culture plates. The assay sensitivity was found to considerably differ depending on the diluents used in the transport media. P-gp-mediated transport in LLC-GA5 cells was most clearly characterized in the Hanks' balanced salt solution based transport media. The sensitivity of P-gp-mediated transport was not changed by colchicine pretreatment or poly-L-lysine coating of the culture plates.

• Plant Resources
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.88-95
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• 1999

These experiments were conducted to evaluate the variability of seed germination and seedling growth with different levels of polyethylene glycol(PEG 6,000) solution in onion seed. Average germination percentage of seed primed in PEG solution with 1.00 and 0.75 MPa was higher than control, and that of seed primed in 1.50MPa was lower than unprimed control. Germination percentage(GP) of seed primed for 5 days was highest, and as the primed days become long, the GP was decreased. The GP of airation seed during the primed was higher than that of unairation seed, about 5% , respectively. The GP of washed seed after primed was higher than that of unwashed seed, but that of redried seed after primed was lower than that of the others. The highest GP cultivar was Chunjoogoohyung and the lowest GP cultivar was Seouldego in unredried seed after primed, but Chunjoojoonggo was highest and Jungpoonwhang was the lowest cultivar in redried seed after primed. As the PEG concentration increased, the seedling length(SL) was shortened, and seed primed for 15 days was longer than other treatments. The SL of primed seed was similar to GP. The SL of washed seed after primed was longer than that of others, but that of redried seed after primed was shortest among the others. The SL of Chunjoojoonggo and Nongwoodego was longest and Seouldego was shortest among the cultivars in unredried seed after primed, but that of Chunjoogoohyung and Chunjoojoonggo was longest and Seouldego was the shortest cultivars in redried seed after primed.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2002

Mungbean starch gels(MSG) was prepared by adding green tea powder(GP) in the ratio of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% and tested for sensory characteristics, chromaticity and rheological properties. In sensory evaluation test, 1.5% GP added MSG gave the highest score in color, 1% GP added MSG in flavor and overall quality and 0.5% and 1.0% GP added MSG was evaluated higher than control in general. In chromaticity tests lightness(L) value of MSG decreased as the ratio of GP increased. In rheometer test, 2% and 2.5% GP added MSG showed the high values in hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and brittlness.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.287-295
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• 1995

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing were undertaken for the RNA genome of gp53 antigenic region in cytopathic Singer strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus. The cloned cDNA was 939 nucleotides in length having a base composition of 31.0% A, 19.6% C, 25.5% G and 24.0% T. The sequence was corresponded to approximately 77.8%(817 bases) of predicted gp53 region and 122 bases after 3'end of gp53 region in the Singer strain when compared with NADL strain of known sequence. A single open reading frame was found in the sequence of 2nd frame and was deduced as encoding 312 amino acids.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.258-269
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• 2010

As people are easy to access the National Health Insurance, medical health service has been increased. It contributed to extend human's average life expectancy and to get better health care. But also increased unnecessary health service or inappropriate drug use. Therefore, DUR (Drug Use Review) is needed to induce appropriate drug use. The purpose of this study is to evaluate outpatient prescriptions by General Practitioner (GP) and Specialized Practitioner, especially indication for ENT referral including common cold which is the frequent indications that have patient see doctor. This study was reviewed retrospectively prescriptions for ENT referral collected at the A pharmacy for ENT Clinic in Cheong-Ju, B pharmacy for GP Clinic in BoEun from Feb 2nd, 2009 to Feb 28th, 2009. Each pharmacy located closed to the each enrolled clinic. The numbers of collected prescriptions were each A pharmacy (n=2501), B pharmacy (n=1343). This study was classified Drug Related Problems (DRPs) those prescriptions had as total 6 groups according to following 6 categories; 1) Unnecessary Drug, 2) Wrong Drug, 3) Low Dose, 4) Overdose, 5) Wrong Instruction, 6) Wrong Combination. In results, Specialized Practitioner's prescriptions had more DRPs than General Practitioner's prescriptions (ENT 155.34% vs GP 130.01%). In detail, Specialized Practitioner's prescriptions had more DRPs in Low Dose (ENT 16.95% vs GP 4.77%), Overdose (ENT 6.72% vs G.P 5.51%), Wrong Instruction (ENT 7.91% vs GP 5.81%), Wrong Combination (ENT 29.31% vs GP 25.09%). These DRPs would be caused from lack of consideration for dosage and drug interaction. General Practitioner's prescriptions had more DRPs in Unnecessary Drug (ENT 70.37% vs GP 78.85%), Wrong drug (ENT 4.12% vs GP 9.98%). These DRPs would be associated with drug selection. This study was assumed that Specialized Practitioner is better prescriber than General Practitioner because Specialized Practitioner complete additional intern and residency training. But, Specialized Practitioner is not always better prescriber than General Practitioner. Furthermore, prescriptions of both Specialized Practitioner and General Practitioner had many problems. In conclusion, It could be cut down the excessive medical expense and expected more efficient medical care by reducing DRPs, thus contributing to the improvement of national health. In order to pharmacist must have good professional ability of pharmacotherapy to help the physician for the drug selection.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2003

The evaluation AP embedded Linux board is implemented. The board is made of IBM 405 GP processor, PPCBoot-1.2.1 boot loader, Linux-2.4.21 kernel and root file system. The evaluation board has two flash memories, boot flash and application flash of size 512Kbyte and 16Mbyte, respectively. And it supports IEEE 802.11a which provide the maximum throughput of 54Mbps in the 5.2GHz frequency band. MTD(Memory Technology Device) and JFFS2(Journalling Flash File System version 2) technologies are adopted to optimally package the system software, boot loader, kernel and root file system. And in order to optimize root file system, busybox package and tiny login are used. Linux kernel and root file system is combined together with mkimage utility.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.87-87
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of osmotic priming, liquid smoke (LS), sonication and modified drum priming treatments to improve the germination speed and uniformity of pepper seeds for high quality export seeds. Seeds were treated in 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10% LS solution only or with 100mM $K_2SO_4$ solution for 6days at $15^{\circ}C$. Sonication treatment was performed for 5, 10, and 20 minutes at an intensity of 5.2, 10.4, 15.7, 21.0, 26.1kHz in water at $15^{\circ}C$. After sonication treatment, seeds were primed with water or 100mM $K_2SO_4$ for 4days. 40, 50 and 60% seed moisture content (SMC) of hydrated seeds were incubated for 84, 96 and 108h in a container with a relative humidity of 99% at 26rpm for a modified drum priming treatments. 0.5% LS treatment with water or 100mM $K_2SO_4$ priming showed significant effects with 71% GP (9.0days MGT) and 66% GP (7.4days MGT), respective, while untreated seeds resulted in only 61% GP and 10days MGT. The healthy seed % was increased by 24% by $K_2SO_4$ priming with LS treatment compared to untreated seeds. However, sonication treatment showed less germination or no difference compared to untreated seed, regardless of intensity and treatment time. The modified drum priming treatment (108h incubation after 50% SMC hydration) significantly improved the GP (on the $4^{th}$days after sowing), germination rate (GR), and MGT to 65%, $28%{\cdot}day^{-1}$, and 3.6days, whereas untreated seed resulted only 7% GP, $17%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ GR and 5.9days MGT. Thus, modified drum priming treatment effectively improved seed germination and is considered as an industrially promising treatment methods considering the shortening of the treatment period and environment-friendly aspects.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.31.2-31.2
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 Graphene oxide를 $800^{\circ}C$, 질소분위기 하에서 환원시켜 얻은 $GP_{TR}$과 Hydrazine을 이용한 화학적 처리로 얻은 $GP_{CR}$의 분자구조를 제안하였다. 이때 grapheneoxide는 modified Hummers' method를이용하여 제조하였다. $GP_{TR}$과 $GP_{CR}$은 모두 표면에 몇몇의 oxide group이 존재하는데$GP_{TR}$은 six layer로 $C_{100}O_{3{\pm}1}$ 의 조성을 갖고 $GP_{CR}$은 three layer로 and $C_{100}O_{6.5{\pm}2}$의 조성을 갖는다. 그리고 면간간격은 $GP_{TR}$은 $3.432\;{\AA}$, $GP_{CR}$은 $3.760\;{\AA}$으로 전형적인 방법인 top downprocess로 얻은 graphene 보다 다소 크다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

DNA methylation is involved in diverse processes in bacteria, including maintenance of genome integrity and regulation of gene expression. CcrM, the DNA methyltransferase conserved in Alphaproteobacterial species, carries out $N^6$-adenine or $N^4$-cytosine methyltransferase activities using S-adenosyl methionine as a co-substrate. Celeribacter marinus IMCC12053 from the Alphaproteobacterial group was isolated from a marine environment. Single molecule real-time sequencing method (SMRT) was used to detect the methylation patterns of C. marinus IMCC12053. Gibbs motif sampler program was used to observe the conversion of adenosine of 5'-GANTC-3' to $N^6$-methyladenosine and conversion of $N^4$-cytosine of 5'-GpC-3' to $N^4$-methylcytosine. Exocyclic DNA methyltransferase from the genome of strain IMCC12053 was chosen using phylogenetic analysis and $N^4$-cytosine methyltransferase was cloned. IPTG inducer was used to confirm the methylation activity of DNA methylase, and cloned into a pQE30 vector using dam-/dcm- E. coli as the expression host. The genomic DNA and the plasmid carrying methylase-encoding sequences were extracted and cleaved with restriction enzymes that were sensitive to methylation, to confirm the methylation activity. These methylases protected the restriction enzyme site once IPTG-induced methylases methylated the chromosome and plasmid, harboring the DNA methylase. In this study, cloned exocyclic DNA methylases were investigated for potential use as a novel type of GpC methylase for molecular biology and epigenetics.