• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2021

Trapping efficacy of lures obtained by mixing sex pheromone attractants of two or three species in a single dispenser were evaluated in peach and apple orchards for three lepidopteran fruit borers, Grapholita molesta (GM), Carposina sasaki (CS), and Conogethes punctiferalis (CP) which use different chemicals as their sex attractants. In the peach orchard, the trapping efficacy of the mixed lures of GM and CS attractants were reduced for GM trapping, compared with the single GM lure. The population fluctuation patterns of GM were highly correlated between the single lure and all the mixed lures. In the apple orchard, the efficacy of all the mixed lures were not reduced for GM trapping. The trapping efficacy of all the mixed lures for CS trapping were not reduced compared with the CS single lure in both the peach and apple orchards. In the peach orchard, the population fluctuation patterns of CS were highly correlated between the single lure and the mixed lures. The efficacy of the mixed lures for CP trapping could not be determined because of the small number of caught samples. The results indicated that mixed lures could be utilized for monitoring of the annual adult emergence of two species, GM and CS.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1980

매추리 유래 가금 adenovirus인 QBV로 부터 CsCl을 사용한 균질밀도분배원심분리법으로 AAAV의 분리를 시도하였으며, 분리된 바이러스의 순수성을 전자현미경 및 혈청학적인 방법을 통하여 증명하였으며 순수 분리된 AAAV를 항원으로 사용한 혈청반응을 개발하였다. 즉, CsCl의 밀도 1.38 및 $1.42gm/cm^3$의 분획들은 순수한 AAAV이었으며 $1.42gm/cm^3$의 분획은 토끼에서 양성혈청제조용 면역원으로 1.38 및 $1.42gm/cm^3$의 분획은 혈청반응용 표준항원으로 사용하였다. AAAV 표준항원 및 가토 양성혈청계는 MDV, IBDV, ITV 및 "helper"인 가금 adenovirus와의 교차반응이 없었으며 혈청학적인 특이성이 인정되었다. 또한 상기 혈청학적 반응을 이용하여 AAAV의 동정은 물론 AAAV에 대한 닭의 항체검출을 가능하게 하였다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1996.04a
• /
• pp.89-89
• /
• 1996

CS gas(0-chlorobenzylidene malononitrite)가 우리나라 및 구미 각국에 시위진압과 군 화생방 교육에 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 CS gas는 인체에 자극적인 독성물질로 작용할 수 있다고 알려져 있으나 이비인후과 영역에 미치는 영향에 대하여는 보고가 드물어 CS gas 폭로에 의해 먼저 장애를 입을 것으로 생각되는 기관점막의 구성세포들의 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 실험동물을 사용하여 실험에 임하였다. 실험에 사용되는 실험동물은 150gm 내외의 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐로 대조군 5마리, 실험군 24마리를 사용하였으며 실험에 사용한 CS gas는 한영화학 CO.에서 제조한 분말형 CS gas를 사용하였다. 실험방법은 1㎥ 용적의 플라스틱 chamber에 CS분말을 투입한 후 실험동물을 넣어 CS gas를 흡입시킨 후 12시간, 1일, 3일, 5일이 경과한 후 희생시켜 기관점막의 변화를 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. CS gas 흡입후 12시간이 경과한 흰쥐의 기관은 상피층이 증가되었고 위중층상피가 중층편평상피로 변화되었다. 2. CS gas 흡입후 1일 경과후는 기관상피층이 현저하게 감소되었다. 3. CS gas 흡입후 3일 및 5일 경과후 기관점막은 대조군의 것과 같이 거의 정상화되었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 1995

Radiation measuring system using wireless communication method with single channel has been diveloped and tested. In this system, radiation signals from GM tube are transformed into digital pulses in pulse processing circuit and modulated in FSK (frequency shift keying) circuit for digital communication and then wirelessly transmitted to a receiving unit. The digital pulses received are then demodulated in FSK circuit and converted into radiation dose/dose rate in the data acquisition unit to display on the screen of a personal computer. The performance of this system was evaluated by using both a pulse generator and a standard radiation source(Cs-137). In both cases, digital pulses with 5V were observed in pulse processing circuit without distortion of their shape through wireless communication system. The experimental results of radiation measurement by this system after several test-irradiation of GM detector to a standard radiation source(Cs-137), showed good agreement with irradiation dose rate within 10% difference, and proved that this system could be effectively utillized as radiation measuring instrument. It is expected that this wireless radiation measuring system developed for the first time in Korea, can be used as a radiation monitor as well as a personal dosimeter if we can further improve this system to adopt wireless multichannel communication system.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.69-83
• /
• 2006

We investigated the effect of Sungmagalkun-tang (SGT) on the allergy. We conformed compound 48/80-induced active systemic anaphylatic shock, anti-dinitrophenyl IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and ovalbumin-induced anaphylatic shock. Also observed IL-4 and GM-CSF mRNA expression in ovalbumin-induced allergic lung tissue and RBL-2H3. Histamine release is measured in RBL-2H3. SGT inhibited active systemic anaphylatic shock, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and ovalbumin-induced anaphylatic shock by oral administration. We observed that SGT was concentration-dependently reduced IL-4 and GM-CSF mRNA expression in ovalbumin-induced allergic lung tissue and RBL-2H3 by SGT. In addition, SGT reduced histamine release in RBL-2H3. These results indicate that SGT has anti-histamic effect and controls IL-4 and GM-CSF mRNA expression on allergy.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2009

For the development of qualitative PCR detection method of genetically modified (CM) rice, rice species-specific gene, OsCc-1 (rice cytochrome c gene), was selected as suitable far use as an endogenous gene in rice. The primer pair OsCytC-5'/3'with 111 bp amplicon was used for PCR amplification of the rice endogenous gene, OsCc-1 and no amplified product was observed from 8 different crops as templates. Qualitative PCR method was carried out with stack traits of L528$\times$CryIAc1 GM rice developed in Korea. For the qualitative PCRs, some primer pairs were designed with a construct-specific and event-specific type based on T-DNA and junction sequences of T-DNA in GM rice. Actck-5'/3' amplifying between actin promoter and OsCK1 gene introduced in LS28 gave rise to an amplicon 306 bp; also, CrLB-5'/3' from CryIAcl and CKRB-5'/3'amplifying the junction region of T-DNA and genome sequence from LS28 as event-specific primers gave rise to an amplicon 142 bp and 91 bp, respectively. These primer pairs for the detection of event-specific targets not produced PCR amplicons on non-CM rice and various crops in contrast to event lines. Therefore, in this study we verified that event-specific primers were effective to specifically detect stack trait lines and demonstrated that this method presented could be provided with the detection-method data for risk assessment analysis of GM rice to be commercialized.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.31-46
• /
• 2014

Objectives Forsythiae Fructus treatment has been used for inflammatory and allergic diseases in Korean Medicine. Nevertheless, the mechanism of action and the cellular targets are not understood well. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases are associated with Th2 cytokines such as IL-13, MIP-$1{\alpha}$, IL-13, IL-5, GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6, which are secreted by the mast cells. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Forsythiae Fructus extracts (FF) on Th2 cytokines expression and signal transduction in MC/9 mast cells. Methods In the study, MC/9 mast cells were stimulated with DNP-IgE for 24 hours and then treated separately with CsA $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and varying doses of FF for one hour. MC/9 mast cells stimulated with DNP-IgE was the control group, a treatment with CsA was the positive control group and a treatment with varying doses FF was the experimental groups. The mRNA levels of IL-13, IL-5, GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 were analyzed with Real-time PCR. The levels of IL-13, MIP-$1{\alpha}$ were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA). NFAT, AP-1 and NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results 1. FF were observed to suppress the mRNA expression of IL-13, IL-5, GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 in comparison to DNP-IgE control group. 2. FF also has inhibited the IL-13, MIP-$1{\alpha}$ production significantly in comparison to DNP-IgE control group. 3. Western blot analysis of transduction factors involving Th2 cytokines expression has revealed a prominent decrease of the mast cell specific transduction factors including NFAT-1, NFAT-2, c-Jun, and NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 but c-Fos. Conclusions In conclusion, the anti-allergenic activities of FF may be strongly related to the regulation of transcription factors NFAT-1, NFAT-2, c-Jun, and NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 causing inhibition of Th2 cytokines in mast cells.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of mechanical properties of various ultra-dental stone by setting methods. Methods: 240 cylinder specimens($10mm{\times}20mm$) were prepared from three ultra-dental stones(Gemma, Die keen and Fuji rock; n = 80) in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations. Half of the specimens of each stone(n = 40) were dried in open air within a room temperature; the other half(n = 40) underwent in a silicone rubber mold in open air for 30 minutes and then were dried in a microwave oven for 10 minutes to 600W. Compressive strength(CS), compressive modulus(CM) and diametral tensile strength(DTS) conducted until fracture using Instron 5966 at each of the following periods: 1 and 24 hours from mixing. One-way analysis of variance and Scheffe's post hoc test were performed for statistical comparisons at a significance level of P<.05. Results: The CS and CM values in all dental stone indicated highest after 24h(54.25 MPa < ) than the values for specimens dried in microwave method. The DTS values revealed the highest microwave method. However, in 24h, FJ(Fu-ji rock) and GM(Gemma) had lower mechanical properties than air. Conclusion : Within the limitations of this study, CS did not influence by microwave method but DTS affected according to the setting.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2002.07d
• /
• pp.2285-2288
• /
• 2002

Recently, electronic personal dosimeters based upon silicon PIN photodiode or miniature GM tube were developed and have attracted a lot of attention because of the advantages of their nature such as indication of dose rate and the cumulative dose, and facilitation of record keeping. In this paper, we have developed a high-sensitivity electronic personal dosimeter with silicon PIN photodiode. The electronic personal dosimeter is constructed with silicon PIN photodiode, preamplifier, and shaping amplifier. To show the effectiveness of electronic personal dosimeter, we conducted nuclear radiation experiments using $\gamma$-ray Ba-133, Cs-137, and Co-60. The electronic personal dosimeter have a good linearity on $\gamma$-ray energy and activity.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.382-392
• /
• 2003

Purpose: Uptakes of Tc-99m MIBI (MIBI) and Tc-99m tetrofosmin (tetrofosmin) in human non-small cell lung cancer A549, multidrug-resistance associated protein (MRP) expressing cell, were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used for detection of MRP in A549 cells with anti-MRPr1 antibody. Cellular uptakes of two tracers were evaluated at $100{\mu}M$ of verapamil (Vrp), $50{\mu}M$ of cyclosporin A (CsA) and $25{\mu}M$ of butoxysulfoximide (BSO) after incubation with MIBI and tetrofosmin for 30 and 50 min at $37^{\circ}C$, using single cell suspensions at $1{\times}10^6cells/ml$. Radioactivities in supernatants and pellets were measured with gamma well counter. A549 cells were inoculated in each flanks of 24 nude mice. Group 1 (Gr1) and Gr3 mice were treated with only MIBI or tetrofosmin, and Gr2 and Gr4 mice were treated with 70mg/kg of CsA i.p. for 1 hour before injection of 370KBq of MIBI or tetrofosmin. Mice were sacrificed at 10, 60 and 240 min. Radioactivities of organs and tumors were expressed as percentage injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/gm). Results: Western blot analysis of the A549 cells detected expression of MRPr1 (190 kDa) and immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue for MRPr1 revealed brownish staining in cell membrane but not P-gp. Upon incubating A549 cells for 60 min with MIBI and tetrofosmin, cellular uptake of MIBI was higher than that of tetrofosmin. Coincubation with modulators resulted in an increase in cellular uptakes of MIBI and tetrofosmin. Percentage increase of MIBI was higher than that of tetrofosmin with Vrp by 623% and 427%, CsA by 753% and 629% and BSO by 219% and 140%, respectively. There was no significant difference in tumoral uptakes of MIBI and tetrofosmin between Gr1 and Gr3. Percentage increases in MIBI (114% at 10 min, 257% at 60 min, 396% at 240 min) and tetrofosmin uptake (110% at 10 min, 205% at 60 min, 410% at 240 min) were progressively higher by the time up to 240 min with CsA. Conclusion: These results indicate that MIBI and tetrofosmin are suitable tracers for imaging MRP-mediated drug resistance in A549 tumors. MIBI may be a better tracer than tetrofosmin for evaluating MRP reversal effect of modulators.