• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제62권6호
• /
• pp.875-883
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of group-housing facility (GHF), compared to an individual confinement stall (CON), on the reproductive performance, behavior, and stress hormones of gestating sows. A total of 50 primiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allocated into either CON (n = 25) or GHF (n = 25) during the gestation period. One week before parturition, the sows were transferred into conventional farrowing crates, and cross-fostering was conducted within 1 d of delivery. Blood was collected for analyses of stress indices at 75 d of gestation and postpartum. Reproductive performance was estimated during the period of birth to weaning. Behavior patterns were identified at 90 d of gestation. Litter size was not different between the CON and GHF treatments. Weaning to estrus interval, however, tended to be lower in the GHF than in the CON (p < 0.1). Activity, treating, belly nosing, and exploring behaviors were observed only in the GHF group, whereas rubbing was shown only with the CON. Serum cortisol concentration was lower in the GHF than in the CON at 75 d of gestation (p < 0.05). Sows housed in the GHF showed lower epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations than those housed in the CON at postpartum (p < 0.05). The GHF sows demonstrated more natural behavior characteristics associated with stress relief than the CON sows with no adverse effects on reproductive performance. Therefore, these results suggest that GHF could be applied as an alternative housing facility to improve animal welfare on swine farms.

• 한국토양동물학회지
• /
• 제8권1_2호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2003

지렁이 (Eisenia andrei)의 중장에서 내생의 endoglucanase 유전자의 전체 염기 서열을 동정하였다. ORF의 길이는 1,371 bp이며, 456개의 아미노산으로 번역된다. NCBI에 등록된 가재와 흰개미의 cellulase 및 endo-$\beta$-1, 4-glucanase와 50-51%의 유사성을 보이며, 활성 부위가 잘 보존되어 있었다. 계통수 분석에서는 다른 동물 분류군에서 밝혀진 GHF9 그룹의 cellulase와 근연관계가 없음이 확인되었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.36-48
• /
• 2010

An agar-degrading Agarivorans sp. AG17 strain was isolated from the red seaweed Grateloupia filicina collected from Jeju Island. A beta-agarase gene from Agarivorans sp. AG17 was cloned and designated as agrA. agrA has a 2,985 bp coding region encoding 995 amino acids and was classified into the glycoside hydrolase family (GHF)-50. Predicted molecular mass of the mature protein was 105 kDa. His-tagged agrA was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified as a fusion protein. The enzyme showed 158.8 unit/mg specific activity (optimum temperature at $65^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5 in acetate buffer) with unique biochemical properties (high thermal and pH stabilities). Enzyme produced neoagarohexaose, neoagarotetraose and neoagarobiose by degrading agar, and hydrolyzed neoagaro-oligosaccharides were biologically active. Hence the purified enzyme has potential for use in industrial applications such as the development of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2015

Objectives : Laver (Porphyra tenera), a red algae species, is one of the most widely consumed edible seaweed in Korea. Laver contains various substances such as essential amino acid, fiber, minerals and polyphenols that benefit human health. In the present study, we prepared ethanol extracts from commercially processed product of Porphyra tenera, and evaluated the growth inhibitory effect against human oral squamous carcinoma YD-10B cells. Methods : Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry with the green fluorescent dye FITC annexin V entering apoptotic cells and the red fluorescent dye PI not entering. The expression of the relevant proteins was detected using Western blot. Results : Ethanol extracts of Porphyra tenera (PTE, $50-200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) caused a significant decrease of cell viability in a dose dependant manner. The cell death occurred as a result of apoptotic process as determined by TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis. In line with this observation, decrease in procaspase proteins and increase in cytosolic cytochrome c were observed in cells treated with PTE. In addition, exposure to PTE decreased the expression levels of Bcl-2, and induced PARP cleavage and AIF translocation from mitochondria to nucleus. Conclusions : In conclusion, PTE exerts anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis via caspase activation and AIF nuclear translocation in YD-10B cells. These results provide evidence for the possible therapeutic effect of Porphyra tenera in oral cancer cells.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제30권8호
• /
• pp.760-769
• /
• 1997

본 연구는 관상동맥 우회수술중 측정한 우회도관의 혈류량을 결정하는 인자들을 분석함으로써 일반적으로 적용되고 있는 수술 전략의 의의를 검토하고자 하였다. 50명의 환자를 대상으로 관상동맥 우회수술중 transit-time ultrasound flowmeter를 이용하여 총 146개의 우회 도관의 혈류량(graft blood flow; GBF)을 측정하였다. 수혜관상동맥의 내경, 해당 심근의 면적, 우회도관의 종 류, 수술전 심근 관류 스캔 소견 등의 변수와 GBF간의 상관관계를 분석하고 수술 3개월후 시행한 심근 관류 스캔 소견과의 상관관계 여부를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 연속 문합된 목재정맥 우회도관의 GBF(평균 61.5 ml/min)가 내홉동맥(평균 42.5 ml/min)이나 단순 복재정맥 우회도관의 GBF(평균 46.9 ml/min)보다 의미있게 높았다(p<0.01). 2. GBF와 myocardial value 및 수혜동맥의 내경 간에 유의할 만한 상관관계가 있었으며 심근 스캔상 관류결손 의 유무와는 상관관계가 없었다. 3. 수혜동맥 내경이 1.5 m 미만이거나 혹은 myocardial value가 2 미만인 경우에는 CBF가 유의하게 낮았다. 4. myocardial value가 같을 경우 수혜 관상동맥의 내경과 GBF간의 상관관계가 약하였던 반면 수혜동맥의 내경이 같을지라도 myocardial value가 클수록 GBF가 증가하였다. 5. GBF 측정치가 회귀분석을 통하여 구한 기대치보다 낮았던 경우와 기대치 이상이었던 경우를 비교하면 전 자에서 수술후에 해당 심근영역에서 관류결손이 발견되는 비율이 유의하게 높았다(32.2% vs 15.1%, p< 0.05). 이상의 결과는 관상동맥우회도관의 혈류량은 해당 심근 영역과 동맥계(run-of)의 크기에 의하여 주로 결정됨을 시사하는 것으로 내경 1∼1.5 m의 작은 관상동맥일지라도 지배하는 심근의 면적이 클 경우에는 우회 도관을 조성하여 줌으로써 심근 관류를 효과적으로 개선시킬 수 있고 완전 혈류재건(complete revascularization)의 목적을 달성할 수 있음을 확인시켜주는 것이라 할 수 있다. 특히 이런 경우 연속문합술을 이용함으로써 우회도관 근위의 혈류량을 증가시켜 장기 개통율의 향상을 기대할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.