• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권1호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2020

The bond performance of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars and that of steel bars embedded in Alkali Activated Cement (AAC) concrete are analysed and compared using pull-out specimens. The bond failure modes, the average bond strength and the free end bond stress-slip curves are used for comparison. Tepfers' concrete ring model is used to further analyse the splitting failure in ribbed steel bar and GFRP bar specimens. The angle the bond forces make with the bar axis was calculated and used for comparing bond behaviour of ribbed steel bar and GFRP bars in AAC concrete. The results showed that bond failure mode plays a significant role in the comparison of the average bond stress of the specimens at failure. In case of pull-out failure mode, specimens with ribbed steel bars showed a higher bond strength while specimens with GFRP bars showed a higher bond stress in case of splitting failure mode. Comparison of the bond stress-slip curves of ribbed steel bars and GFRP bars depicted that the constant bond stress region at the peak is much smaller in case of GFRP bars than ribbed steel bars indicating a basic bond mechanism difference in GFRP and ribbed steel bars.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2008

Three types of salt resistant concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer-ribbed bars (GFRP-ribbed bars) were selected, and their applicable properties were investigated with the goal of improving the problem of capacity deterioration in marine structures due to sea water corrosion. In this study, the structural behaviors were similar to RC beams in relation to the development of the strength and stiffness up to the generation of the initial crack. After the growth of this initial crack, the structural properties decreased owing to a sudden loss of bond strength. Also these beams showed the trends of brittle failure. As a result, it was confirmed that a GFS beam replaced with Fly Ash (20%) and Silica Fume (5%) has the best application as a marine structural element.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.631-639
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• 2017

This study experimentally investigated the flexural capacity of a concrete beam reinforced with a newly developed GFRP bar that overcomes the lower modulus of elasticity and bond strength compared to a steel bar. The GFRP bar was fabricated by thermosetting a braided pultrusion process to form the outer fiber ribs. The mechanical properties of the modulus of elasticity and bond strength were enhanced compared with those of commercial GFRP bars. In the four-point bending test results, all specimens failed according to the intended failure mode due to flexural design in compliance with ACI 440.1R-15. The effects of the reinforcement ratio and concrete compressive strength were investigated. Equations from the code were used to predict the deflection, and they overestimated the deflection compared with the experimental results. A modified model using two coefficients was developed to provide much better predictive ability, even when the effective moment of inertia was less than the theoretical $I_{cr}$. The deformability of the test beams satisfied the specified value of 4.0 in compliance with CSA S6-10. A modified effective moment of inertia with two correction factors was proposed and it could provide much better predictability in prediction even at the effective moment of inertia less than that of theoretical cracked moment of inertia.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2013

섬유복합체(FRP)는 비부식성 재료라는 특징으로 인해 이상적인 철근 대체재로 주목 받고 있다. 그러나 현재 FRP 보강근은 철근과 달리 일반적으로 수용되는 고정된 형태가 존재하지 않고 다양한 재료와 성분비, 형태 등으로 제작되기 때문에 이에 대한 성능평가 데이터에 근거한 FRP 보강 콘크리트 부재의 거동특성 구명은 상당부분 제한될 수 있다. 더군다나 FRP 보강 콘크리트 부재의 휨거동에 대한 평가는 주로 단기 거동 측면에 집중되어 이루어져 왔다. 이 연구는 GFRP 보강근 및 이를 사용하여 보강된 콘크리트 부재의 장기거동을 평가하기 위한 것으로, 먼저 철근 대체용으로 개발된 GFRP 보강근에 대한 성능평가 결과를 제시하였고, 이의 크리프 거동 특성에 대한 3년간의 계측 결과를 제시하였다. 실험 결과 인장강도의 약 55% 이하의 하중이 지속적으로 재하되는 경우에는 100년 이상의 내구연한을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 GFRP 보강 콘크리트 보의 장기거동을 약 1년간 관찰하였으며 이로부터 FRP 보강 부재의 장기처짐 계산식에 사용되는 수정계수 값 0.73을 도출하였다. 따라서 이 연구로부터 도출된 GFRP 보강근 및 이로 보강된 콘크리트 보의 단기 및 장기 거동 특성값은 FRP 보강 콘크리트 부재의 설계에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제77권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2021

The present study pertains to the introduction of two new types of grip adaptor for universal testing machines, namely Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Polyoxymethylene (POM) grip adaptors, and their application to tension testing of FRP bars with different fiber and surface finish types. The tabs are connected to the FRP bar sample with the help of mechanical anchors, i.e. bolts. These new adaptors offer vital superiorities over the existing end tab designs (anchors with filling material or mechanical anchorage), including the reduction in the time and labor for production, reusability and the mild nature, i.e. low hardness of the tab material, which retards and even prevents peeling and crushing in the gripping regions of an FRP sample. The methods were successfully applied to FRP bars with different types of fiber (CFRP, GFRP and BFRP) and different types of surface texture (ribbed, wrapped, sand-coated and wound). The test results indicated that the both types of end caps prevented slip of the bar, crushing and peeling in the gripping zone. The mechanical properties from the material tests with the new caps were in perfect agreement with the ones from the material tests with steel tubular caps.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.215-227
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• 2017

A finite element model (FEM) for predicting early-age behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge deck slabs with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars is presented. In this model, the shrinkage profile of concrete accounted for the effect of surrounding conditions including air flow. The results of the model were verified against the experimental test results, published by the authors. The model was verified for cracking pattern, crack width and spacing, and reinforcement strains in the vicinity of the crack using different types and ratios of longitudinal reinforcement. The FEM was able to predict the experimental results within 6 to 10% error. The verified model was utilized to conduct a parametric study investigating the effect of four key parameters including reinforcement spacing, concrete cover, FRP bar type, and concrete compressive strength on the behavior of FRP-RC bridge deck slabs subjected to restrained shrinkage at early-age. It is concluded that a reinforcement ratio of 0.45% carbon FRP (CFRP) can control the early-age crack width and reinforcement strain in CFRP-RC members subjected to restrained shrinkage. Also, the results indicate that changing the bond-slippage characteristics (sand-coated and ribbed bars) or concrete cover had an insignificant effect on the early-age crack behavior of FRP-RC bridge deck slabs subjected to shrinkage. However, reducing bar spacing and concrete strength resulted in a decrease in crack width and reinforcement strain.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2004

FRP rebar has low bond performance than steel rebar. Usually, FRP rebar has about 60% of bond strength of steel rebar. Without adequate bond to concrete, the full composite action between reinforcement and concrete matrix can not be achieved. Therefore, FRP rebars must also have surface deformations that provide good bond to concrete. The purpose of this research was decided an optimum surface deformation patterns through bond test of FRP rebar. Eighteen surface deformation patterns of FRP rebar with widely different geometries were investigated. Based on the test results, we established optimum surfale deformation pattern. Bond tests were performed for three types of surface deformation patterns of FRP rebar including sand coated rebar, ribbed rebar, and wrapped and sand coated rebar that commercially available, and two types of FRP rebar including CFRP, GFRP rebars that optimum surface deformation pattern is applied. According to bond test results, FRP rebars that optimum surface deformation pattern is applied were found to have better bond strength with concrete than currently using FRP rebar.