• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.517-529
• /
• 2009

Many satellite image fusion techniques have been developed in order to produce a high resolution multispectral (MS) image by combining a high resolution panchromatic (PAN) image and a low resolution MS image. Heretofore, most high resolution image fusion techniques have used IKONOS and QuickBird images. Recently, GeoEye-1, offering the highest resolution of any commercial imaging system, was launched. In this study, we have experimented with GeoEye-1 images in order to evaluate which fusion algorithms are suitable for these images. This paper presents compares and evaluates the efficiency of five image fusion techniques, the $\grave{a}$ trous algorithm based additive wavelet transformation (AWT) fusion techniques, the Principal Component analysis (PCA) fusion technique, Gram-Schmidt (GS) spectral sharpening, Pansharp, and the Smoothing Filter based Intensity Modulation (SFIM) fusion technique, for the fusion of a GeoEye-1 image. The results of the experiment show that the AWT fusion techniques maintain more spatial detail of the PAN image and spectral information of the MS image than other image fusion techniques. Also, the Pansharp technique maintains information of the original PAN and MS images as well as the AWT fusion technique.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.30.2-30.2
• /
• 2010

Numerous operational anomalies and satellite failures have been reported since the beginnings of the "space age". Space weather effects on modern spacecraft systems have been emphasized more and more as increasing their complexity and capability. Energetic particles potentially can destroy and degrade electronic components in satellites. We analyzed the geostationary (GEO) satellite anomalies during 1997-2009 to search possible influences of space weather on the satellite anomalies like power problem, control processor problem, attitude control problem, etc. For this we use particle data from GOES and LANL satellites to investigate space weather effects on the GEO satellites' anomalies depending on Kp index, local time, seasonal variation, and high-energy electron contribution. As results, we obtained following results: (1) there is a good correlation between geomagnetic index(Kp) and anomaly occurrences of the GEO satellite; (2) especially during the solar minimum, occurrence of the satellite anomalies are related to electron flux increase due to high speed solar wind; (3) satellite anomalies occurred more preferentially in the midnight and dawn sector than noon and dusk sector; (4) and the anomalies occurred twice more in Spring and Fall than Summer and Winter; (5) the electron with the lowest energy channel (50-75keV) has the highest correlation (cc=0.758) with the anomalies. High association between the anomalies and the low energy electrons could be understand by the facts that electron fluxes in the spring and fall are stronger than those in the summer and winter, and low-energy electron flux is more concentrated in the dawn sector where the GEO satellite anomalies occurred more frequently than high-energy electron flux. While we could not identify what cause such local time dependences, our results shows that low-energy electrons (~100keV) could be main source of the satellite anomaly, which should be carefully taken into account of operating satellites.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.445-450
• /
• 2015

Generally, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are used to collect image or video from earth's surface. The collected data are stored on-board and/or transmitted to the main ground station directly or via polar ground station using terrestrial line. Today, an intersatellite link between a LEO and a GEO satellite allows transmission of the collected data to the main ground station through the GEO satellite. In this study, an approach for a continuous communication starting from LEO through GEO to ground station is proposed by determining the optimum ground station locations. In doing so, diverse ground stations help to determine the GEO orbit as well. Cross-correlation of the long term daily rainfall averages are multiplied with the logarithmic correlation of the sites to calculate the joint correlation of the diverse ground station locations. The minimum values of this joint correlation yield the optimum locations of the ground stations for Q/V-band communication and satellite control operations. Results for several case studies are listed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.980-998
• /
• 2023

In Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, satellites operate fast and the inter-satellite link change period is short. In order to sense the spectrum state in LEO satellite networks in real-time, a space-based satellite network intelligent spectrum sensing algorithm based on artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed, while Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites are introduced to make fast and effective judgments on the spectrum state of LEO satellites by using their stronger arithmetic power. Firstly, the visibility constraints between LEO satellites and GEO satellites are analyzed to derive the inter-satellite link building matrix and complete the inter-satellite link situational awareness. Secondly, an ANN-based energy detection (ANN-ED) algorithm is proposed based on the traditional energy detection algorithm and artificial neural network. The ANN module is used to determine the spectrum state and optimize the traditional energy detection algorithm. GEO satellites are used to fuse the information sensed by LEO satellites and then give the spectrum decision, thereby realizing the inter-satellite spectrum state sensing. Finally, the sensing quality is evaluated by the analysis of sensing delay and sensing energy consumption. The simulation results show that our proposed algorithm has lower complexity, the sensing delay and sensing energy consumption compared with the traditional energy detection method.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2012

Recently many developed countries have used satellite images for classifying cropland areas to reduce time and efforts put into field survey. Korea also has used satellite images for the same purpose since KOMPSAT-2 was successfully launched and operated in 2006, but still far way to go in order to achieve the required accuracy from the products. This study evaluated the accuracy of the calculated croplands by using the objected classification method with various satellite images including ASTER, Spot-5, Rapid eye, Quickbird-2, Geo eye-1. Also, their usability and effectiveness for the cropland survey were verified by comparing with field survey data. As results. Geo eye-1 and Rapid eye showed higher accuracy to calculate the paddy field areas while Geo eye-1 and Quickbird-2 showed higher accuracy to calculate the upland field areas.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.411-417
• /
• 2015

Several optical monitoring strategies by a ground-based telescope to protect a Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite from collisions with close approaching objects were investigated. Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) objects, Inclined GeoSynchronous Orbit (IGSO) objects, and drifted GEO objects forced by natural perturbations are hazardous to operational GEO satellites regarding issues related to close approaches. The status of these objects was analyzed on the basis of their orbital characteristics in Two-Line Element (TLE) data from the Joint Space Operation Center (JSpOC). We confirmed the conjunction probability with all catalogued objects for the domestic operational GEO satellite, Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) using the Conjunction Analysis Tools by Analytical Graphics, Inc (AGI). The longitudinal drift rates of GeoSynchronous Orbit (GSO) objects were calculated, with an analytic method and they were confirmed using the Systems Tool Kit by AGI. The required monitoring area was determined from the expected drift duration and inclination of the simulated target. The optical monitoring strategy for the target area was analyzed through the orbit determination accuracy. For this purpose, the close approach of Russian satellite Raduga 1-7 to Korean COMS in 2011 was selected.

• 항공우주기술
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.134-142
• /
• 2004

본 논문은 일본의 정지궤도 위성개발에 대한 조사 보고서이다. 1950년대부터 일본정부의 의욕적인 우주개발 덕분에, 일본은 많은 어려움을 극복하면서 1970년 일본 최초의 위성인 오수미를 발사하여 세계에서 네 번째로 자국 발사체로 위성을 성공적으로 발사하는 국가가 되었다. 그 이후 지속적인 기술축적이 이루어져 우주개발 선진국으로서의 위치를 유지하고 있다. 일본은 2003년 말까지 18기의 과학위성, 7기의 기술시험위성, 5기의 기상위성, 및 수많은 통신방송위성 등을 포함하여 총 97기의 위성을 궤도에 진입시킴으로써, 세계에서 3번째로 많은 위성 보유국이 되었다. MELCO사가 2003년 6월 Optus C1위성을 호주의 Sing Tel Optus사에 성공적으로 납품함으로써, 일본은 국제 정지궤도위성 시장에서 경쟁할 능력을 갖추었다.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.104-109
• /
• 2016

해외 제작으로 개발된 무궁화위성의 상용 중계기 기술을 시작으로 위성통신의 중계기술은 Ku 대역 및 Ka 대역의 우주인증용 탑재체 구성부품의 개발을 거쳐 천리안위성 1호에 국내 기술로 개발된 Ka 대역 탑재체를 성공적으로 탑재하여 운용함으로써 발전을 거듭하고 있다. 군용 위성통신은 능동중계기인 Dehop/Rehop 중계기를 탑재한 무궁화위성 5호의 아나시스(ANASIS) 체계로써 시작되어, 항재밍/저피탐 기능을 갖춘 대전자전 중계기(DAT)와 통신용량 증가에 유연하게 대처할 수 있는 디지털 중계기(DCAMP)의 탑재가 개발 중에 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내에서 개발되는 정지궤도 위성의 개발현황을 살펴보고, 탑재 개발되었던 상용 및 군용의 중계기술을 토대로 국내 군 위성통신의 개발 방향을 논하고자 한다. 제한된 주파수 자원을 고려할 때, 평시에는 다양한 중용량의 군 위성통신 신호를 중계하고 준 전시에는 모드를 변경하여 지능적인 고기동 전술 재밍 신호에 대응할 수 있는 전장적응형 간섭회피의 겸용 중계기술이 주요할 것이다. 이러한 주파수 도약 및 중용량 겸용의 중형급 군 통신위성이 국내의 자립 기술로써 개발될 수 있는 기반이 마련되고 있다고 사료가 된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 2007

Digital image watermarking is a technology used in copyrighting of digital images by embedding unremovable informations. In this paper, a pixel-domain look-up-table-based watermarking algorithm is presented. With this methodology, the watermark was embedded in the host image, but we did not observe any distortion at certain specific region of interest. This means the proposed method is preferred in case of satellite images. Then, the image manipulation tool which is called 'StirMark' will be used to perform many kinds of attacks such as rotation, scaling, filtering and compression on the watermarked image. Finally, the effectiveness of a watermarking technique in terms of 'robustness' and 'data integrity' criteria will be measured by calculating PSNR of watermark and watermarked image.

• 한국경영과학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2007

In this paper, the return link of interactive GEO satellite network providing multimedia services is considered. First, we classify data by delay characteristics, and analyze the numbers of expected lost packets and expected delay packets for each data class of each terminal. Next we mathematically formulate optimal rate scheduling model to minimize the weighted sum of the numbers of expected lost packets and expected delay packets considering priority of each data class. We also suggest a dynamic rate scheduling scheme based on Lagrangean relaxation technique and subgradient technique to solve the proposed model in a fast time. Extensive experiments show that the proposed scheme provides encouraging results.