• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.188-188
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• 2003

Examination was made of the urinary metabolite(s) of CKD-712, which is a chiral compound, named S-YS49 derived from higenamine (one component of Aconite spp.) derivatives. First of all, to analyze the metabolite(s) of CKD-712, a simple and sensitive detection method for CKD-712 was developed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC/MS). Urine was collected from adult male Sprague-Dawley rats 250${\pm}$10g) in metabolic cage for 24hr after oral administration of 100 mg/kg of CKD-712. The recovery of CKD-712 after extraction and concentration with AD-2 resin column was above 90 % from rat urine. The detection limits of CKD-712 in urine was approximately 0.1 ng/mL. It has well been suggested that isoquinoline possessing catechol moiety such as CKD-712 should be subjected to the catechol-O-methyl kransferase activity in vivo. We detected three major peaks of presumed CKD-712 metabolites in the total ion chromatogram obtained from the rat urine sample after oral administration of CKD-712. From these results, it is assumed that the urinary metabolites are mono-methylation in the naphthyl moiety (metabolite I ), methylation at the C-6 or 7 hydroxy group in the isoquinoline moiety and hydroxylation at in the naphthyl moiety (metaboliteII), and methylation at the C-6 or 7 hydroxy group in the isoquinoline moiety (metaboliteIII).

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.189-189
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• 2003

Sophoricoside was isolated as the inhibitor of IL-5 bioactivity from Sophora japonica (Leguminosae). To develope as novel anti-allergic drug, kinetic study was performed in rats. Serum concentration of sophoricoside was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in male Sprague-Dawley rat (250${\pm}$10g, n=5) after oral administration of sophoricoside (100mg/kg). The recovery of sophoricoside after extraction and concentration was above 95 % from rat serum. Between-day precision(relative standard deviation 2.2-2.8%) and within-day precision(2.0-12.1%) were determined from replicate analysis of a spiked control and incurred serum sample. The detection limits of sophoricoside in this serum was approximately 0.1 ng/mL. The Pharmacokinetic parameters were derived from the noncompartmental analysis. The C$\_$max/(3.56${\pm}$0.34 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) value for sophoricoside in male rat was observed at 7.6 h. The elimination half-life(t$\_$1/2/) of sophoricoside was approximately 4.47 h, the mean residence time (MRT) averaged 10.75 h, the total body clearance (Cl) averaged 0.0042 mL/min/kg. and the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC$\_$0-$\infty$/) was 24.93 $\mu\textrm{g}$$.$hr/mL.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to isolate tyrosinase inhibitory material from Pinellia ternata and characterize its own structure and activity. Methods : Pinellia ternata (600g) was extracted with 95% methanol (1L) at $37^{\circ}C$ for 4 days, with shaking at 250rpm. The extract was further solvent-fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and water. The active fraction was subjected to JAI recycling prep-HPLC JAIGEL GS-320 column. The structure was identified for the active peak with NMR and GC. Results : Tyrosinase was potently inhibited by 95% methanol extracts from Pinellia ternata. The $IC_{50}$ value of the extracts was estimated to be 0.05mg/ml. The extracts was divided into four solvent-fractions, and the most potent tyrosinase inhibition was found in ethylacetate layer. $IC_{50}$ value of ethylacetate fraction was 0.001mg/ml. This fraction was further purified with JAI Recycling Preparative HPLC (Model: LC 9104). The isolated compound showing inhibitory activity was characterized on its chemical structure by NMR and the compound was identified as 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. $IC_{50}$ was found to be 7.74 ${\mu}M$ which is much lower than that of kojic acid $(66.5{\mu}M)$. Conclusions : The data suggest that 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde isolated and identified from Pinellia ternata is very strong inhibitor to melanin biosynthesis.

• 분석과학
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2020

We have developed 10 μmol/mol nitrogen and oxygen certified reference materials (CRMs) in helium, as a SI-traceable gas standard for a quantifying of impurities in pure gases for the first time in Korea. The standard gas mixtures of nitrogen and oxygen were prepared in 5000 μmol/mol and sequentially were diluted to 250 μmol/mol and 10 μmol/mol according to the gravimetric preparation. In each dilution step, two cylinders of CRMs were prepared. The verification of internal consistency among the prepared gas mixtures was performed by using GC-TCD. The amount fractions and those expanded uncertainties (k = 2) of nitrogen and oxygen in the standard gas mixtures were (10.12 ± 0.08) μmol/mol and (10.18 ± 0.08) μmol/mol for nitrogen, and (9.88 ± 0.06) μmol/mol and (9.94 ± 0.06) μmol/mol for oxygen, respectively. We have conducted a purity assessment of two commercial helium gases using developed CRMs. As the results of the purity assessment, nitrogen and oxygen were detected by (1.66 ± 0.03) μmol/mol and (0.31 ± 0.02) μmol/mol, respectively, as the impurities in one of the pure helium.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.454-459
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• 2011

In this study, the recovery rate of Tedlar bag (T) sampler was investigated in comparison to polyester aluminum bag (P) sampler. To derive the comparative data sets for the relative performance between different samplers, a series of calibration experiments were performed by using 1 ppb standard of four offensive reduced sulfur compounds (RSC) odorants ($H_2S$, $CH_3SH$, DMS, and DMDS) along with $SO_2$ and $CS_2$. All the analysis was made by gas chromatography/pulsed flame photometric detector (GC/PFPD) combined with air server/thermal desorber (AS/TD). The measurement data were obtained by loading gaseous standards (1 ppb) at 3 injection volumes (250, 500 and 1,000 mL) at three intervals (0, 24 and 72 hrs). The recovery rates (RR) of P sampler were computed against the slope values of T sampler. According to our analysis, P sampler exhibits slightly enhanced loss relative to T, especially with light RSCs ($H_2S$ and $CH_3SH$). At day 0, RR for the two were 88 and 85%, respectively. Such reduction proceeded rather rapidly in the case of $H_2S$ through time. However, P sampler was more stable to store $SO_2$ unlike others. Despite slightly reduced recovery, P sampler appears as a good replacement of T sampler.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2010

The pesticide trichlorfon is readily degraded under experimental conditions to dichlorvos. A method has therefore been developed by which residues of trichlorfon in milk are determined as dichlorvos, using gas chromatography with ${\mu}$-electron capture detection. The identification of dichlorvos was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Milk was extracted with acetonitrile followed by centrifugation, freezing lipid filtration, and partitioning into dichloromethane. The residue after partitioning of dichloromethane was dissolved in ethyl acetate for gas chromatography. Recovery concentration was determined at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 of times the maximum permitted residue limits (MRLs) for trichlorfon in milk. The average recoveries (n = 6) ranged from 92.4 to 103.6%. The repeatability of the measurements was expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 3.6%, to 6.7%. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 3.7 and $11.1{\mu}g/l$, respectively. The accuracy and precision (expressed as RSD) were estimated at concentrations from 25 to $250{\mu}g/l$. The intra- and inter-day accuracy (n = 6) ranged from 89.2% to 91% and 91.3% to 96.3%, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions were lower than 8%. The developed method was applied to determine trichlorfon in real samples collected from the seven major cities in the Republic of Korea. No residual trichlorfon was detected in any samples.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2020

Termiticidal and fungicidal activities of wood vinegar from Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (CP) stem wood have been evaluated against Coptotermes curvignathus and wood rotting fungi (Schizophyllum commune and Fomitopsis palustris). The utilized CP wood vinegar was produced in the operating temperature range 250-300℃ pyrolysis. A no-choice test was applied for evaluating termiticidal activity with 33 active termites and antifungal activity using the agar media assay. The result showed that an increase in the concentrations of CP wood vinegar significantly raised the mortality of termite. CP wood vinegar showed high termiticidal activity, organic acids (acetic acid 42.91%, 3-butenoic acid 6.89%, butanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester 2.26%), and ketones (1-hydroxy-2-propanone 5.14%, 3-methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione 2.34%) might be largely contributed to termiticidal activity in addition to other minor components. Furthermore, CP wood vinegar exhibited significant inhibition of fungal growth. These data showed that CP wood vinegar was more toxic to white-rot fungi (S. commune) than brown-rot (F. palustris). The results suggested that phenolic compounds from lignin degradation were responsible for good antifungal activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1315-1324
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• 2022

Fermentation is an effective process for providing various beneficial effects in functional beverages. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast fermentation-based biotransformation contribute to enhancement of nutritional value and digestibility, including lactose intolerance reduction and control of infections. In this study, the probiotic fermented fruit juice (PFJ) was produced by Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 1465, Lactobacillus salivarius TISTR 1112, and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 while mixed fruit juice (MFJ) was used as the basic medium for microorganism growth. The potential function, the anti-salmonella activity of PFJ, was found to be effective at 250 mg/ml of MIC and 500 mg/ml of MBC. Biofilm inhibition was performed using the PFJ samples and showed at least 70% reduction in cell attachment at the MIC concentration of Salmonella Typhi DMST 22842. The antioxidant activities of PFJ were determined and the results revealed that FSB.25 exhibited 78.40 ± 0.51 mM TE/ml by FRAP assay, while FPSB.25 exhibited 3.44 ± 0.10 mM TE/ml by DPPH assay. The volatile compounds of PFJ were characterized by GC-MS, which identified alcohol, aldehyde, acid, ester, ketone, phenol, and terpene. The most abundant organic acid and alcohol detected in PFJ were acetic acid and 2-phenylethanol, and the most represented terpene was β-damascenone. The sensory attributes showed scores higher than 7 on a 9-point hedonic scale for the FPB.25, illustrating that it was well accepted by panelists. Taken together, our results showed that PFJ could meet current consumer demand regarding natural and functional, fruit-based fermented beverages.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2023

The global increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has inspired researchers to develop new strategies to overcome this problem. In this study, 23 morphologically different, soil-isolated actinomycete cultures were screened for their antibacterial ability against MDR isolates of ESKAPE pathogens. Among them, isolate BOGE18 exhibited a broad antibacterial spectrum, so it was selected and identified based on cultural, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. Chemotaxonomic analysis was also performed together with nucleotide sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, which showed this strain to have identity with Streptomyces lienomycini. The ethyl acetate extract of the cell-free filtrate (CFF) of strain BOGE18 was evaluated for its antibacterial spectrum, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 62.5 to 250 ㎍/ml. The recorded results from the in vitro anti-biofilm microtiter assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of sub-MIC concentrations revealed a significant reduction in biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner. The extract also displayed significant scavenging activity, reaching 91.61 ± 4.1% and 85.06 ± 3.14% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), respectively. A promising cytotoxic ability against breast (MCF-7) and hepatocellular (HePG2) cancer cell lines was obtained from the extract with IC₅₀ values of 47.15 ± 13.10 and 122.69 ± 9.12 ㎍/ml, respectively. Moreover, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, nine known compounds were detected in the BOGE18 extract, suggesting their contribution to the multitude of biological activities recorded in this study. Overall, Streptomyces lienomycini BOGE18-derived extract is a good candidate for use in a natural combating strategy to prevent bacterial infection, especially by MDR pathogens.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.474-480
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• 2004

이 연구의 목적은 Compomer, high filled Glass Ionomer Cement, Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement, 그리고 불소를 방출하지 않는 복합 레진(대조군)의 인접면 초기 우식 병변에 있어서의 재광화 효과를 미세전산화 단층촬영 (SkyScan-1072, Skyscan b.v.b.a., Belgium)과 3차원 영상 분석기 ($Vworks^{TM}$, Cybermed, Korea)를 이 용하여 병소의 미세 밀도의 변화량을 측정, 비교하여 평가하는 것이다. 치아 시편과 glass ionomer cement 수복물로 치아의 인접면을 재현하여 인공타액에 담근 후 1개월 2개월 후에 미세전산화 단층 촬영을 시행한 후 3차원 영상 분석 프로그램을 사용하여 인공 우식부위의 미세 밀도를 측정하여 그 변화량을 분석하여 재광화 정도를 평가하였다. 사용된 재료는 1군은 Compomer인 F2000(3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minn., USA), 2군은 high filled GIC인 Fuji IX GP (GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan), 3군은 Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement인 Vitremer (3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minn., USA), 그리고 4군은 복합 레진인 Z250(3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minn., USA)이었다. 위의 과정을 거쳐 얻어진 자료를 토대로 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 세 종류의 글라스 아이오노머 수복재는 첫째 달과 둘째 달에서 모두 복합 레진과 비교하여 밀도가 유의차 있게 증가하였다. 2) 1군, 2군, 3군 각각은 밀도의 증가가 서로에 대하여 통계적으로 유의차가 없었다. 3) 각 재료의 재광화 효과를 비교한 결과 모든 글라스 아이오노머 수복재는 첫째 달과 둘째 달 사이에 통계적인 유의 차를 보였으며 복합 레진은 유의차가 없었다.