• 제목/요약/키워드: G-box

검색결과 446건 처리시간 0.033초

표면코팅 구조재의 달열효과 분석 (An Analysis on Thermal Insulation Effect of Farm Structures Coated with Surface Treatment)

  • 서원명;윤용철
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 2004
  • This experiment was carried out to study on the effect of surface coating on thermal insulation of farm structures to improve thermal resistance and reflective effect of solar radiation. Nine different types of experimental specimen were compared in the temperature variations of inside and outside; A, B, C, D. E and F types are box container and G, H and I types are drum container. The size of these containers is $1,500{\times}2,000{\times}2,500$ mm and ${\varphi}$ $280{\times}330$ mm, respectively. Specimen of 3-type box(A, B, C) is galvanized steel sheet of thickness 0.45 mm. D, E and F types are sandwich panel of the thickness 50 mm inserted with urethane, glass wool and polystyrene form, respectively. G, H and I types are paint pot using in general. The surface of A. D, E, F and I types didn't any treatment, B, C and G types were treated with thermal insulation coating on the outside surface(B, G) or the inside and outside surface(C). And H type was treated with water paint coating on the only outside surface. In general, the experimental results showed the following tendencies; In case of A, B and C types. it was found that the thermal insulation effect of types coated with thermal insulation coating was improved remarkably than that of no treatment. And the thermal insulation effect between steel sheet and sandwich panel type was nearly similar There was not a significant difference of thermal insulation effect between thermal insulation coating and water paint coating. In time of drum container filled with rough rice, The difference of heat transfer tendency and temperature variation among surface treatments was nearly similar that of box types of galvanized steel sheet. And there was time lag about 6 hours between the temperature of middle part of rice and that of inside or outside surface.

배 골판지 포장상자의 진동특성 (Vibration Characteristics of Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes for Packages of Pears)

  • 김만수;정현모
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.391-398
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    • 2002
  • During handling unitized products, they are subjected to a variety of environmental hazards. Shock and vibration hazards are generally considered the most damaging of the environmental hazards on a product and it may encounter while passing through the distribution environment. A major cause of shock damage to products is drops during manual handling. The increasing use of unitization of pallets has been resulted in a reduction of the shock hazards. This has caused an increasing interest in research focused on vibration caused dam age. Damage to the product by the vibration most often occurs when a product or a product component has a natural frequency that falls within the range of the forcing frequencies of the particular mode of transportation being used. Transportation vibration is also a major cause of fruit and vegetable quality loss due to mechanical damage. This study was conducted to determine the vibration characteristics of the corrugated fiberboard bones for packages of pears, and to investigate the degree of vibration injury of the pears in the boxes during the simulated transportation environment. The vibration tests were performed on an electrohydraulic vibration exciter. The input acceleration to exciter was fixed at 0.25 G for a single container resonance test and 0.5 G for the vertical stacked container over the frequency range from 3 to 100 Hz. Function generator (HP-33120A) was connected by wire to the vibration exciter for controlling the input acceleration at a continuous logarithmic sweep rate of 1.0 octave per min. The peak frequency and acceleration on the single box test were 22.02 Hz, 1.5425 G respectively, and these values on the vertical stacked boxes were observed from the bottom box 19.02, 18.14, 16.62 and 15.40 Hz and 2.2987, 3.7654. 5.6087, and 7.9582 G, respectively. The pear in the bottom box had a slightly higher damage level than the fruit packed in the other stacked boxes. It is desirable that the package and transportation system has to be so designed that 15∼20 Hz frequency will not occur during the transportation environment.

단면구성요소(斷面構成要素)에 관(關)한 목질복합(木質複合) I및 Box형 보의 구조적(構造的) 성능(性能) 분석(分析) (I) (Analysis of Structural Performance of Wood Composite I and Box Beam on Cross Section Component (I) - Calculation and Analysis of Flexural Rigidity and Deflection -)

  • 오세창;이필우
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.40-55
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    • 1991
  • To investigate the influence of cross section geometries on the behavior of composite beams in the case of small span to depth ratio and deep beams. the static flexural behavior of composite I-beams and Box- beams was evaluated. 12 types of composite I -beams composed of LVL flanges and particleboard or plywood web and 3 types of composite Box-beams composed of LVL flanges and plywood web were tested under one-point loading. The load-deflection curves were almost linear to failure, therefore, the behavior of tested composite beams was elastic. The theoretical flexural rigidity of composite beams was calculated and compared with observed flexural rigidity. The highest value was found in I-W type beams and the lowest value was found in G-P type beams. The difference between theoretical and observed flexural rigidity was small. Theoretical total deflection of tested composite beams was calculated using flexural rigidity and compared with actual deflection. Shear deflection of these beams was evaluated by the approximation method, solid crosss section method and elementary method. The difference between actual deflection and expected deflection was not found in D, E and F type beams. This defference was small in G, H and I type beams or Box-beam.

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농촌 지역 남.여 고등학생의 도시락 영양실태에 대한 연구 (A Study on the Nutritional Status of Lunch-box of Highschool Students in a Korean Rural Area)

  • 조희숙
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.387-393
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    • 1997
  • This study was aimed to investigate the nutritional status of 270 students of high school from September 5 to 10 in 1995, 재 are eating their lunch-box. This results were summarized as follows : The average height of boys and girls was 170.0$\pm$0.8cm and 155.8$\pm$1.4cm, respectively. The average weights of them were 60.5$\pm$0.3kg(male) and 48.5$\pm$0.7kg(female). BMI(Body Mass Index) of them were 20.15$\pm$0.13(male), 17.75$\pm$0.29(female). The weight of the staple of their lunch-box is 301~350g(38.7%, boys) and 200~250g(50.8%, girls). Among the subjects, 54.1% carry two dishes, and they eat 40 kind of side dishes, including kimchi usually cooked by roasting. The balanced diet based on the five basic food groups is almost impossible, especially they don't eat sufficiently protein food and calcium food. All the nutrients except vitamin A, C and niacin, are below the Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances for Koreans. The rate of calorie of carbohydrate : fat : protein is 81.5 : 9.5 : 11.5(boys) and 80.5 : 9.8 : 10.5(girls). The 78.0% of total amount of calorie was from carbohydrate.

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농어촌 지역 중학생 도시락의 영양 실태에 대한 조사 연구 (Studies on the Nutritional Status of Lunch-box of Middle Students in a Korean Rural-Sea Area)

  • 조희숙
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 1996
  • This study was examined the nutritional conditions of 250 students of middle school from March 5 to 8 in 1993, who are eating their lunch-box. This results were summarized as follows; The average height of the boy students is 156.9 cm. It is 98.6% of the standard height of middle school students. That of the girl students is 153.1 cm. It is 98.7% of the standard height of middle school students. The average weight of the boys is 49.3 kg (98.6% of the standard) and that of the girls is 45.9 kg (95.6% of the standard). The average weight of the staple of their lunch-box is 480 g (boys) and 349.5 g (girls). Among the subjects, 58.8% carry two side dishes, and they eat 36 kinds of side dishes, including kimchi usually cooked by roasting. The balanced diet based on the five basic food groups is almost impossible, especially they don't eat sufficiently protein food and calcium food. All the nutrients except Vitamin A, C and Niacin, are below the Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances for Koreans. The rate of calorie of carbohydrate: fat: protein is 80.5:8. 4:11.1 (boys) and 79.3:9.9:10.8 (girls). The 80% of total amount of calorie was from carbohydrate.

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수도작(水稻作) 기계화(機械化)에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究) (육묘시기(育苗時期), 파종밀도(播種密度) 및 비료용량(肥料用量)이 수도상자묘(水稻箱子苗)의 성장(成長)에 미치는 영향(影響)) (Studies on the Mechanization of Rice Culture. Effect of Date and Rate of Seeding and Fertilization on the Growth of Rice Seedling)

  • 안수봉
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.68-76
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    • 1984
  • 수도상자육묘(水稻箱子育苗)에 있어서 이상적(理想的)인 치묘(稚苗)와 중묘(中苗) 그리고 성묘(成苗)의 육성(育成)에 알맞은 재배조건(栽培條件)을 구명(究明)하고져 파종밀도(播種密度)와 비료용량(肥料用量), 육묘(育苗)의 시기(時期)와 일수(日數)의 영향(影響)을 분석(分析)한바, 파종량(播種量)은 적을수록, 시비량(施肥量)은 많을수록, 만파(晩播)일수록, 육묘기간(育苗期間)이 연장(延長)될수록 초장(草長), 엽수(葉數) 및 건물중(乾物重)은 증대(增大)하였는데 그 영향(影響)은 파종기(播種期)>육묘일수(育苗日數)>파종밀도(播種密度)>시비량(施肥量)의 순(順)으로 컸으며 조기파종시(早期播種時)에는 상자당(箱子當) 200g의 파종량(播種量)과 4g까지의 시비량하(施肥量下)에서 알맞은 치묘육성(稚苗育成)이 가능(可能)하였고 적당(適當)한 중묘(中苗)는 25일간(日間)의 육묘시(育苗時)에는 50g의 박파(薄播)에서, 그리고 35일묘(日苗)에서는 100~125g 범위(範圍)의 파종밀도하(播種密度下)에서 육성가능(育成可能)하나 45일묘(日苗)는 지나치게 웃자라 기계이앙용(機械移秧用)으로는 부적당(不適當)하였다. 만파시(晩播時)에도 같은 경향(傾向)이나 처리간차이(處理間差異)가 확대(擴大)되었으며 치묘(稚苗)는 상자당(箱子當) 100g 이하(以下)의 박파조건(薄播條件)에서 육성가능(育成可能)하였고 100내지(乃至) 150g의 파종밀도(播種密度)에 25일간(日間) 육묘(育苗)하므로서 알맞은 중묘(中苗)를 얻을 수 있었으나 35일(日) 이상(以上) 육묘일수(育苗日數)를 연장(延長)하면 지나치게 생장(生長)하거나 도장(徒長)하였고 성묘비율(成苗比率)도 현저(顯著)히 저하(低下)하였다.

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다양한 적층각에 대한 상자형 복합재료 날개의 플러터 특성연구 (A Study of Flutter Analysis for the Composite Box Wings with Various Laminates)

  • 정용현;권혁준;김동현;이인;김천곤
    • Composites Research
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구에서는 실제 구조형상의 사각형 상자형 날개와 전투기 날개에 대하여 구조재를 표피(skin)부분은 복합재료로 대체하고, 나머지 스파(spar)와 리브(rib)는 알루미늄으로 하여 플러터 해석을 수행하였다. MS/PATRAN을 이용하여 실제 날개 구조에 근사한 3차인 유한 요소 모델이 구축되었고, MSC/NASTRAN을 이용하여 고유진동 해석이 수행되었다. 유한 요소는 멤브레인(membrane)요소, 1차원 막대(rod)요소, 전단패널(shear panel)요소를 사용하였다. 복합재료의 적층은 실제적인 적층각을 이용하여 다양하게 변화시켜 해석하였다. 아음속 영역에서 비정상 공력 해석을 위하여 주파수 영역에서의 선형 공기력 이론인 DLM코드가 적용되었고, 주파수 영역 공탄성 지배방정식의 해법으로 V-g방법 및 p-k방법이 적응되었다.

광주시내 여중학생의 도시락 영양실태와 식품 기호 및 환경요인과의 관계 (Relationships between the Nutritional Status for Lunch-Box, the Taste of Food and the Environmental Factors of Middle School Girls in Kwangju City)

  • 안순례
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.53-68
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    • 1988
  • This article concerned with the nutritional status and the taste of the lunch box of 311 middle school girls in Kwangju City from May 18 to June 12 in 1987. The purpose of this research was making materials to show direction of the education about nutrition by checking relationships among the nutritional status for the lunch box, the taste of food and the environmental factors. The results observed in the study were as follows: 1. The intake of nutrition from the lunch box and the ratio between the recommended dietary allowance and the contained nutrients in the lunch box as follows. Calorie(603 Kcal, 78.6%), protein (21.7g, 93.1%) Animal protein (10.3g, 132.1%) calcium (151.7 g, 56.9%) Ferrum 93.1 mg, 51.7%), Vitamin a (129.3 RE, 55.4%) Vitamin B1 (0.29 mg, 72.5%), Vitamin B (0.26 mg, 55.3%) Niacin (4.7 mg, 94.0%), Vitamin C 913.2 mg, 79.0%). Except animal protein, all the recommended dietary allowance. 2. According to the intake of calorie, the ratio of taken carbohydrate, protein and fat was 77.7 : 15.5 : 6.8. The intake of protein was desirable but most of calorie depended on carbohydrate. Among the total intake of protein, the ratio of animal protein was 47.5%, which was a high rate. 3. Most of calorie (75%), was taken from staples, protein (41.5%), vitamin B1 (48.3%) were taken at the same rate from staples and side dishes. Most of fat, calcium, ferrum, vitamin A, vitamin B, and vitamin C, was taken from side dishes. 4. In taking among the five basic food groups, proportion of the grain fourth food group was the highest, light color vegetable the third food groups, proportion of the grain fourth food group was the highest, light color vegetable the third food group was second, and Calcium food the second food group was the lowest. 5. As the staples, students liked tchajangmyon, mandu and ttokkuk as written order. They disliked Kongbap and Patpap. As the side dishes for the lunch box, they liked kimchi, ham, sausage, cuttlefish, dried slices of filefish, eggs and green seaweed as written order. As a side dishes they liked Laver, Cucumber, Squid, lettuce, Potatoes. They disliked pork fat, cow's intestines, cow's liver, Crussian carp, pickled fish. The favorite snack was fruits, ice cream, hamburger, Chocolate and milk. 6. In taking condition of the principal food, rice rate (65.6%) was the most, and mixed food was 5 or 10%. 7. Favorite cooking was frying, roasting and kimch. But disagreeable cooking was pickling. 8. Favorite food was what was pungent but disagreeable food was what was salty. 9. the higher parents educational background was, the higher their income was. Also the more various the information about the nutrition was, the better the intake of nutrition was. 10. The preference tendency influenced in choosing the side dish of the Lunch box. The higher the preference tendency of the girl students became, the better their nutrition condition became.

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한손 연속작업의 심리육체학적 모델링 (Psychophysical modeling for one-handed combined tasks)

  • 윤훈용
    • 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한인간공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.95-99
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    • 1997
  • Most studies in manual material handling (MMH) have paid more attention to single MMH activities-lifting, lowering, carrying, holding, pushing or pulling and have ignored combined activities. Also, many studies have been involved with two-handed MMH activities rather than to one-handed MMH activities. Very few studies are reported on the determination of workers' capacities for combinations of one-handed MMH activities (e.g. lifting a box, then carrying the box, and lowering the box). The objective of this study was to utilize the psychophysical approach to examine the combinations of lifting, carrying and lowering activities from a simulated industrial task involving one- handed and two-handed combined tasks and to develop mathematical models for combined tasks. Ten male students served as subjects for the study. The capacities that were determined as the maximum acceptable weight workloads for 1 hr work period for one-handed and two-handed combined tasks-lifting a box from floor to knuckle height, carrying the box for 4.3 m, and lowering the box form knuckle to floor height -were determined psychophysically under three frequencies: six handlings per minute, one handling per minute and one handling per five minutes. Combined MMH capacities models for one-handed tasks were developed. Te advantages and disadvantages of different models are discussed.

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철근콘크리트용 FRP Box 휨 보강재의 형상 설계 및 거동 평가 (Shape Design and Performance Evaluation of FRP Box-type Stiffener For the Application of RC Structure)

  • 권민호;정우영
    • 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.40-46
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    • 2013
  • This paper presents the design, fabrication and performance of a reinforced concrete beam strengthened by GFRP box plate and its possibility for structural rehabilitations. The load capacity, ductility and failure mode of reinforced concrete structures strengthened by FRP box plate were investigated and compared with traditional FRP plate strengthening method. This is intended to assess the feasibility of using FRP box plate for repair and strengthening of damaged RC beams. A series of four-point bending tests were conducted on RC beams with or without strengthening FRP systems the influence of concrete cover thickness on the performance of overall stiffness of the structure. The parameters obtained by the experimental studies were the stiffness, strength, crack width and pattern, failure mode, respectively. The test yielded complete load-deflection curves from which the increase in load capacity and the failure mode was evaluated.