• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2021

Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium are commonly used probiotics. This study aimed to identify the effect of live combined Bacillus subtilis R0179 and Enterococcus faecium R0026 (LCBE) on obesity-associated hyperlipidemia and gut microbiota in C57BL/6 mice. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: normal group (N group), model group (M group), low-dose group (L group), and high-dose group (H group). Mice were gavaged with LCBE at 0.023 g/mice/day (L group) or 0.23 g/mice/day (H group) and fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. In vitro E. faecium R0026 showed an ability to lower the low-concentration of cholesterol by 46%, and the ability to lower the high-concentration of cholesterol by 58%. LCBE significantly reduced the body weight gain, Lee index, brown fat index and body mass index of mice on a high-fat diet. Moreover, LCBE markedly improved serum lipids (including serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein) while also significantly reducing liver total cholesterol. Serum lipopolysaccharide and total bile acid in L and H groups decreased significantly compared with M group. PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the composition of gut microbiota in the treatment groups was improved. Akkermansia muciniphila was found in H group. The PCA result indicated a similar gut microbiota structure between LCBE treatment groups and normal group while the number of bands and Shannon diversity index increased significantly in the LCBE treatment groups. Finally, qPCR showed Bifidobacterium spp. increased significantly in H group compared with M group, LCBE alleviated liver steatosis and improved brown adipose tissue index.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.445-449
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• 2013

We consider a congruence ${\rho}$ on a group G as a subsemigroup of the direct product $G{\times}G$. It is well known that a relation ${\rho}$ on G is a congruence if and only if there exists a normal subgroup N of G such that ${\rho}=\{(s,\;t):st^{-1}{\in}N\}$. In this paper we prove that if G is a finitely presented group, and if N is a normal subgroup of G with finite index, then the congruence ${\rho}=\{(s,\;t):st^{-1}{\in}N\}$ on G is finitely presented.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.731-736
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• 1999

식물성 천연 유지인 콩기름을 peracetic acid로 에폭시화 시킨 후에 황산 촉매 하에서 메탄올과 반응시켜서 OH-value가 186(mg KOH/g)인 폴리올을 합성하였다. 합성한 폴리올에 계면활성제로는 silicon계 B-8409를, 발포제로는 증류수를, 촉매로는 dimethylcyclohexylamine을, 이소시아네이트로는 polymeric MDI를 사용하여 폴리우레탄 포옴을 합성하였다. 형성된 포옴의 밀도, 압축강도, 압축탄성률, cell의 구조 등을 조사하였다. MDI의 당량비를 변화시켜 가며 포옴을 형성시켜 보았으며, MDI index를 105로 고정하고, 발포제, 계면활성제, 촉매의 양을 각각 변화시켜 가며 포옴을 형성시켜 보았다. MDI index가 증가할수록 밀도와 압축 물성이 증가하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2006

Virulence and genetic diversity were studied using 21 isolates of Sclerospora graminicola, the pearl millet downy mildew pathogen collected from major pearl millet growing areas of India. Variability for virulence was determined by inoculating a set of 10 differential hosts with the S. graminicola isolates in a greenhouse. The isolates varied for latent period (6.4 to 11 days), disease incidence (0 to $98\%$), virulence index (0 to 18.7) and oospore-production potential (1 to 4). Among the 21 isolates, Sg 139 (Rajasthan) was the most virulent and Sg 110 (Tamil Nadu) the least virulent. Based on virulence index (disease incidence$\time$slatent $period^{-1}$), the 21 isolates were classified into eight virulence groups. Genetic diversity among isolates was studied using AFLP markers. Based on similarity index of banding pattern, the 21 isolates were clustered into eight genotypic groups. The AFLP groupings, however, did not match with that of the virulence groupings, and these two were found independent. The isolate Sg 139 that remained distinct in both pathogenic and genetic groupings indicated its highly virulent nature. Implications of these results in downy mildew resistance breeding are discussed.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 1998

The objective of this study was to analyze lodging-related traits using different cultivars from Korea, Japan, and the U.S. in direct seeded rice on dry paddy field. Stem diameter and culm wall thickness were highest in 'Caloro' followed by 'Nongan', 'M202', and 'Calrose'. All the U.S. cultivars were higher than the others in stem diameter and culm wall thickness. These two traits were important with regard to lodging. The highest breaking strength (1442g) was observed in Caloro. 'Gancheoek', 'Dongjin', and transplanted 'Hatsuboshi' showed more than 1000g in breaking strength. Lodging index was lowest in Hatsuboshi followed by Nongan and Gancheok. Even though breaking strength of the U.S. cultivars was higher than others, their lodging index values were high. There were no statistically significant differences in starch content. However, Calrose, Caloro, Dongjin, and Koshihikari were relatively higher than others in starch content. Positive correlations were found between culm base weight, lignin and breaking strength. High contents of lignin and cellulose were observed in Nongan, transplanted Hatsuboshi, Calrose, and Caloro. Traits such as stem diameter, culm wall thickness, bending moment, culm length, breaking strength, cellulose, lignin, and culm base weight were closely related to a lodging index. According to path coefficient analysis, most important traits were culm length, stem diameter, thickness of clum wall, and top plant weight.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.256-266
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• 2019

In this study, obese adults were compared for their ability to predict obesity and lipid related variables and their optimal cutoff values to predict metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. In this study, 9,256 adults aged 20 years or older and less than 80 years old, who were in the Gyeonggi region from January 2014 to December 2016 and who were examined at a general hospital, were enrolled. The diagnostic criteria for obesity were WHO (World Health Organization), and BMI $25kg/m^2$ or more presented in the Asia-Pacific region. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on the criteria of American Heart Association / National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA / NHLBI). According to the results of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, Triglyceride / HDL-cholesterol (TG / HDL-C), Triglyceride and Glucose (TyG) index, lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) showed high predictive power for diagnosing metabolic syndrome. The diagnostic accuracy of LAP (AUC: 0.854) for males and VAI (0.888) for females was the highest. The optimal cutoff value of LAP was 42.71 for male and 35.44 for female, and the cutoff value of VAI was 1.92 for male and 2.15 for female. In addition, WHtR (waist to height ratio), TyG index, and LAP were used as predictors of insulin resistance in obese adults. Therefore, LAP and VAI were superior to other indicators in predicting metabolic syndrome in obese adults.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1999

공개키 암호법은 정수 인수분해의 어려움에 바탕을 둔 RSA와 이산대수문제의 어려움에 근거한 EIGamal 암호법을 대표된다. GF(qn)*에서 index-calculus 이산대수 알고리즘을 다항식 인수분해를 필요로 한다. 최근에 Niederreiter에 의하여 유한체위에서의 다항식 인수분해 알고리즘이 제안되었다. 이 논문에서는 정규기저(normal basis)를 이용한 유한체의 연산을 c-언어로 구현하고, 이것을 이용한 Niederreiter의 알고리즘을 기반으로 유한체위에서의 다항식 인수분해 알고리즘과 구현한 결과를 제시한다. The public key crytptosystem is represented by RSA based on the difficulty of integer factorization and ElGamal cryptosystem based on the intractability of the discrete logarithm problem in a cyclic group G. The index-calculus algorithm for discrete logarithms in GF(qn)* requires an polynomial factorization. The Niederreiter recently developed deterministic facorization algorithm for polynomial over GF(qn) In this paper we implemented the arithmetic of finite field with c-language and gibe an implementation of the Niederreiter's algorithm over GF(2n) using normal bases.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 1993

Index tests are useful because they are rapid and cheap-and if bias is known the fundamental property can be estimated, as when estimating the compressive strength or the tensile sterngth from the rock test hammer value. Index tests which have proved to be very useful are the rock test hammer, the point load test and sonic velocity test. These can provide index values in their owing right or be used to estimate the compressive strength, the tensile strength and elastic modulus. Because of the heterogeneous and fractured nature of rock, many index tests have been developed for a variety of purposes, e.g.for use in rock mass classification schemes.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.43-57
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• 2007

This paper considers the technological competitiveness of aircraft infra industries that are bases of the aircraft industry development in Korea. We performed focus group interviews to aircraft industry specialists and classified the aircraft infra industries by eight fields: metallurgical assembly, general machinery, precision instruments, materials & parts, communication appliances, computer, semi-conductor/ electronic component, electronics. Through the United States patents analysis for the G7 countries and Korea during 1995-2006, we identified the technological specificities and competences of each country. RTA(Revealed Technology Advantage) index and CII(Current Impact Index) are used to examine the technological specificity and technological competence respectively. Finally, we introduced TCI(Technological Competitiveness Index) which could reflect quantitative level as well as qualitative level of patents for each aircraft infra industry. The results show that Korea has occupied the technological competitiveness in the semi-conductor and electronic component industry out of eight aircraft infra industries, and achieved a competitive edge in communication appliance industry in the mid 2000s.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1994년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1428-1430
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• 1994

The accumulation of space charge in PE/PE/PE laminates was investigated using the low density polyethylenes having different melt indices from 0.25 to 45 g/10 min. Both heterocharge and homocharge accumulated in parent polyethylenes depend on the value of melt index. A general rule found in this study was that the heterocharge decreases as the melt index increases and finally the homocharge accumulates when the melt index is very high. Because of this reason, PE laminates showed different charge formation characteristics depending on melt index of polyethylene. Details of up to date results are described in the text.