• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.488-494
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• 2016

To develop appropriate potato clones as functional food materials, we collected 35 potato breeding clones to analyze the contents of the total polyphenol, anthocyanin, and vitamin C with the 'Superior', 'Dasom valley', and 'Gogu valley' cultivars as controls. Based on our analysis great differences were observed in different potato clones. KPG16 had the highest content of total polyphenol at $105.08mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}\;FW$; KPG13 had the highest content of anthocyanin at ${\cdot}4.78mg100g^{-1}\;FW$; KPG20 had the highest content of vitamin C at $22.16mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}\;FW$. Some clones had higher contents of the total polyphenol but lower levels of anthocyanin. Ultimately, potato clones showing relatively high indexes for all three compounds, could be considered as good functional food material. By equilibrium analysis of the contents of total polyphenol, anthocyanin, and vitamin C, KPG5 showed relatively higher contents, with values of 103.95, 3.15, $12.12mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}\;FW$, respectively. Therefore, KPG5 was considered to be the best potato breeding clone in view of a functional potato breeding system.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Carbonized biomass could be used as a mechanism for long-term storage of C in soils. However, experimental results are variable. Objective of this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of carbonized biomass made from soybean residue on soil organic carbon and seed yield during soybean cultivation. The carbonized biomass was made by field scale mobile pyrolyzer. Pyrolyzer was performed in a reactor operated at $400{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours using soybean residue. The treatments consisted of four levels as the control without input and three levels of carbonized biomass inputs as $357kg\;ha^{-1}$, C-1 ; $714kg\;ha^{-1}$, C-2 ; $1,428kg\;ha^{-1}$, C-3. It was appeared that seed yield of soybean was $2,847kg\;ha^{-1}$ for control, $2,897kg\;ha^{-1}$ for C-1, $2,946kg\;ha^{-1}$ for C-2 and $3,211kg\;ha^{-1}$ for C-3 at the end of experiment. It was shown that the contents of SOC were $5.21g\;kg^{-1}$ for C-1, $5.93g\;kg^{-1}$ for C-2, $7.00g\;kg^{-1}$ for C-3 and $4.73g\;kg^{-1}$ for the control at the end of experiment. Accumulated SOC contents linearly significantly (P < 0.001) increased with increasing the carbonized biomass input. The slopes (0.00162) of the regression equations suggest that SOC contents from the soil increase by $0.162g\;kg^{-1}$ with every $100kg\;ha^{-1}$ increase of carbonized biomass rate. Consequently the carbonized biomass for byproducts such as soybean residue could increase SOC. It might be considered that the experimental results will be applied to soil carbon sequestration for future study. More long-term studies are needed to prove how long does SOC stay in agricultural soils.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2006

The grades of burley tobacco stems and scraps were classified followed by the nicotine and nitrate contents by using the cluster analysis. The chemical components of the burley tobacco stems and scraps gathered from 2002 to 2005 were analyzed with auto analyzer. According to the nicotine contents and the nitrate contents, the burley stems and scraps could be classified three groups, respectively. In case of the burley scraps, the AB3T, AB4TR, B1T and B2T grades belonged to the $1^{st}$ a group. The C1W and C2W grades belonged to the $2^{nd}$ group and the CD3W and CD4TR belonged to the $3^{rd}$. In case of the burley stems, the AB3T and AB4TR grades belonged to the $1^{st}$ group. The B1T, B2T, C1W and C2W grades belonged to the $2^{nd}$ group and the CD3W and CD4TR belonged to the $3^{rd}$ group. This classification of raw materials depending on the similarity in the chemical components might be helpful to control the properties of the Reconstituted Tobacco sheet.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.163-169
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• 1983

Effects of temperature on the gorwth characteristics and the chemical composition of pseudomonas cells grown under glucose-or methanol-utilizing continuous culture were studied. In a glucose-utilizing continuous culture, optimum dilution rate, agitation, pH, and temperature, for the higher biomass yield were $0.45hr^-$, 7000rpm, pH 7.5, and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. But in a methanol-utilizing continuous culture, they were $0.125hr^-$, 600rpm, pH 8, and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. In methanol-utilizing continuous culture, the maximum production rate of the cells was 1.48g, dry wt./1/hr at a dilution rate of $0.45hr^-$, and the cell yield was 0.46g. dry wt./g. glucose. In the methanol-utilizaing continuous culture, the maximum production rate of the cells was 0.33 7g. dry wt./1/hr. at a dilution rate of $0.125hr^-$ and the cell yield was 0.44g dry cell/g. methanol. The contents of protein of the cells increase with the increase ingrowing temperature (from 15 to $30^{\circ}C$), more or less, while the contents of RNA nad carbohydrate of the cells decreased. However, DNA contents of cells growth under the various temperature ranges didn't change. As the temeprature of cultivation rises at a constant dilution rate, the efficiency of RNA in protein synthesis was increased, showing the decreases in the ratio of RNA to protein.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 1998

The contents of holocellulose, one of the main components of the wood, were 83.9% in oak wood and 76.9% in apple wood, respectively. Those of hemicellulose were 16.41 and 20.33%, and in lignin 23.0 and 19.7%, respectively. Six species of domestic oak wood and apple wood were considered to be suitable for smoking materials due to the low content of lignin. Benzo(a)pyrene contents in smoke flavoring prepared with oak wood at 150, 400 and 500$^{\circ}C$ were 0. 4, 3. 7 and 5.6$\mu\textrm{g}$,/kg, respectively. The amounts of phenanthrene were 112.7, 131.4 and 255.9$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, respectively, in each temperature. The amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH) in smoke flavory were in the order of phenanthrene＞anthracene＞pyrene＞benzo(a)anthracene＞chrysene＞benzo(b)fluoranthens＞benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene contents in smoking extracts prepared with apple wood at 150, 400 and 500$^{\circ}C$ were 0.4, 3.3 and 5.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, respectively. Phenanthrene contents in those samples were 72.7, 100.2 and 220.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, respectively. Contents of each PAH showed the same order as in oak wood.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.287-291
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• 2002

This study was carried out to analyze the physical peroperties and components according to kinds and harvesting season for the Quality improvement and arangement of e99plants exporting in Japan. The size and weight of chukyang eggplants were larger than those of shikibu, and those of eggplants harvested in winter were smaller than those of eggplants in summer. The pH and brix were not different between cultivar of eggplants and were small different between harvesting seasons. The contents of glucose and fructose was 115.4∼155.4, 64.2∼102.1mg/100g-fr.wt., respectively. And total contents of free sugars was 211.4∼351.1mg/100g-fr.wt. and those of chukyang was higher than those of sikibu. Total contents of free amino acids were from 73.4mg/100g-fr.wt. to 111.8mg/100g-fr.wt and was higher in chukyang than shikibu. The contents of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid was 90.0∼118.3, 28.3∼32.3mg/100g-fr.wt., respectively. And total contents of ascorbic acids were 149.4, 119.9mg/100g-fr.wt., in eggplants harvested at summer. The content of potassium and sodium was 229.97∼233.59, 135.98∼156.28mg/100g-fr.wt., respectively. The total contents of minerals was 89.35∼420.2mg/100g-fr.wt., and those of chukyang was higher than those of shikibu.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.1627-1633
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of Codonopsis lanceolata skin as natural health food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of general and antioxidative nutrients of C. lanceolata skin were measured. On a dry weight basis the contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash are 24.74, 2.73, 2.96 and 4.84%, and the calories of skin was 266.00 kcal/100 g and total dietary fiber was 64.73%. The contents of essential and non-essential amino acids were 633.40 and 870.72 mg/100 g wet weight basis. The K was the largest mineral followed by Ca, Mg, and P, suggesting that C. lanceolata skin is alkali material. The EDA of water extract from C. lanceolata skin was 18.28~79.30%, and the activity was dependent on the sample concentration. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents of water extract from C. lanceolata skin were estimated as 24.65 and $6.19\;{\mu}g/g$. The C. lanceolata skin extract showed the highest reducing power (3.5) at the concentration of 25 mg/mL. Based on the above results, we deemed that the C. lanceolata skin might have potential antioxidant activities. The general nutrients and antioxidant bioactive materials in C. lanceolata skin were also potential materials for good health food.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.495-499
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• 1999

The free sugars in leaf and root of dandelion were composed of sucrose, glucose and fructose. The contents of total free sugars was higher in root than those in leaf. The oxalic acid, citric acid and malic acid contents of leaf was 45.4, 3.6, 2.7mg/100g-f.w., respectively. And the oxalic acid, citric acid and malic acid contents of root was 34.6, 2.1, 1.6mg/100g-f.w., respectively. Total free organic acid content of leaf was higher than that of root. The major free amino acids of dandelion were aspartic acid, serine, asparagine, glutamic acid, glycine, valine, isoleucine and content of glutamic acid was highest in free amino acids. The contents of vitamin A in leaf and root of dandelion was 135.4 and 34.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/100g-f.w., respectively. The contents of vitamin C in leaf and root of dandelion was 67.4 and 4.6 mg/100g-f.w., respectively.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2005

We analyzed the paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins of the toxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense collected from Dadaepo and Gaduck-do in Busan and from Sujeong-ri in Jinhae Bay, Korea, in April 2003. We also analyzed the PSP toxin of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) collected around Busan and Jinhae Bay. PSP toxin analyses were conducted by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fifteen cultured A. tamarense isolates contained 2.78 to 57.47 fmol/cell, with nearly identical toxin profiles: major components C2, GTX4; minor components C1, GTX1, NEO; and trace components GTX2, GTX3, STX. PSP toxin contents were 0 to $492\;\mu{g}$ STXeq/100 g in mussels and 0 to $48\;\mu{g}$ STXeq/100 g in oysters. Mussels at Gijang and Sujeong-ri contained the most PSP toxin contents ($492\;\mu{g}\;STXeq/100\;g\;and\;252\;\mu{g}\;STXeq/100\;g,\;respectively$), exceeding the quarantine level ($80\;\mu{g}$ STXeq/100 g). Their dominant toxin components were C2, C1, GTX2, and GTX3; the minor components GTX1, GTX4, GTX5, and NEO were sporadically detected. Phytoplankton contained 0.774 fmol/L seawater and 1.228 fmol/L seawater at Gijang and Sujeong-ri in April. At that time, Alexandrium cells were present in the water column at Gijang at 2,577 cells/mL and at Sujeong-ri at 6,750 cells/mL. Overall, we found the high and similar PSP toxin contents in AZexandrium isolates and mussels, and a correlation between occurrence of toxic Alexandrium cells in the water column and mussel intoxification. High densities of toxic Alexandrium cells in the water column immediately preceded shellfish intoxification at Gijang and Sujeong-ri in April.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.177-184
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• 1973

The effect of heat treatment (autoclaving at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes) of soybean on the cholesterol contents in the brain and aorta of the albino rat was studied. The subjects were 72 young male rats and divided into 12 groups by diet and periods. Experimented periods were 5, 15 and 30 days, diet standard are raw soybean, soybean diets heated at $100^{\circ}C$ and $120^{\circ}C$ respectively, and each diet was prepared to contain 14g protein and 400 Kcal per diet 100g. After corresponding treatment, the cholesterols in the brain and aorta were determined. The results are summarized as follows: In the brain, total, free and ester cholesterol contents of each group are not remarkedly different from those of control group, in the experimental periods. In the aorta total and free cholesterol at $100^{\circ}C$ and $120^{\circ}C$ than those of control group, but there is no significant difference among groups fed for 15 or 30 days, and the ester cholesterol has no regular tendency. It seems that the heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ and $120^{\circ}C$ of solybean has no effect on the cholesterol contents of the brain and aorta.