• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.172-182
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• 2018

This research suggests a solution to the problem of excessive shadow education in Korea as a way to compare the shadow education and income redistribution programs of advanced welfare states. The government has introduced a variety of measures to overcome the problem of excessive shadow education for a long time. However, the trend of increasing shadow education costs has not stopped. The excessive use of shadow education is definitely related to university entrance. But university entrance is not the only concern. In our country, the meaning of university is closely related to the standard of future life. Therefore, participation in shadow education is a reasonable choice by parents or students to ensure a stable future. The belief that the future life can be stabilized when you go to a prestigious university and the reality in the labor market, which reflects this belief, is the essential cause of excessive shadow education. Advanced welfare states such as Sweden and Germany provide hope for our nation. There are shadow education in these countries, too. However, the importance is not so great and its roles are not necessarily directly related to college entrance exams. For the income redistribution programs guarantee the life of all members of society at a certain level. The solution to the problem of excessive shadow education is not the admission system but the improvement of the income security system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.209-220
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• 2014

This study investigated the problem of the existing rural development plan where the opinions of local residents are excluded due to the lack of expert knowledge and limited participation and sought the village development plan driven by the voluntary participation of local residents by applying a rural forum targeting rural villages to solve the problem. As a result of the study, (1) the problem of the current village development plan should be made based on the participation of local residents, and (2) this problem has remained as an important challenge. Therefore, the village improvement activities that have reflected the opinions of local residents can be said to be (3) the process that seeks the change into the rural planning process led by local residents, and this study derived the ways to ensure the voluntary behavior of local residents, strengthen local residents' capacity to create on-going villages, and expand local residents' participation opportunities in the entire process of rural planning through the application of the rural forum. (4) Although it is generally difficult for local residents to propose opinions directly and exert influence in the rural planning and design process and it is not easy to reduce the difference in the perspective between the professionals and local residents, significance lies in the fact that local residents voluntarily determine the future of their region and derive the plan. Therefore, the experience of decision-making and consensus process through the rural forum can promote the sustainability of the village creation participated by local residents and the increase of local residents' role. This study took one village as an example to reflect the results applied to the rural forum, and it is difficult to determine that it has been fully verified with the method of residents' participation. Therefore, future studies to verify the effectiveness of village creation and seek the empirical utilization measures are needed more, and the operation of education programs and various support plans suitable to the capacity and level of local residents should be promoted rather than the traditional lecture-style stereotyped education in the future for sustainable rural development.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2008

The residents solve a physiological and hygienic craving in the bathroom. Bathroom is a common space in residence. Recently the role of the bathroom with interest augmentation of the wellbeing of the consumers is coming to be important space in residence. The purpose of this research is to investigate the bathroom satisfaction and priority of the apartment resident and to present the bathroom design for the future in apartment. The subjects of this study were residents who live in brand apartments located in Seoul. The results of this study are as following, First, basically the solution of safety problem is necessary in the bathroom. Second, the daylight is necessary in the bathroom and the resident must be possible to see an external view from the bathroom. Third, the space planning for a function convenience is necessary to a bathroom space. The rest support which leads the introduction of health wellbeing and natural friendship element is necessary to the bathroom design for the future. The bathroom design for the future must be safety, must be a bathroom of the high-class finishing material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.381-394
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• 2019

The marine industry contributes a large proportion of the air pollutant emissions along coastal regions, and this air pollution has been strongly linked to cardiovascular diseases and other illnesses. To alleviate the problem, many ports have installed alternative maritime power (AMP) facilities that enable onboard marine auxiliary engines with generators (gensets) to be shut down while a ship is at berth. This study compared the emissions from conventional gensets with those from AMP facilities, focusing on four emission types: greenhouse gases (GHG), sulphur oxides (SOX), nitrogen oxides (NOX), and particulate matter (PM). Both direct (combustion / operation) and indirect (upstream) emissions were considered together for the emission comparison. The results showed that AMP has lower emissions than conventional onboard gensets, and this benefit is highly dependent on the electricity generation mix onshore. On average, GHG emissions could be reduced by about 18.3 %, while the other emissions (SOX, NOX, and PM) would decrease more dramatically (88.4 %, 90.1 %, and 91.5 %, respectively). Additionally, future benefits of the AMP would increase due to the expansion of renewable energies. Thus, this study supports the potential of AMP as a promising solution for environmental concerns at ports worldwide.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.171-171
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• 2009

We have investigated the impact of coffee ring effect on the inkjet-printed $Al_2O_3$ thick films. In a single solvent system such as Dimethylformamide, the coffee-ring-pattern has appeared on the edge of sessile drop after evaporation. The peak-to-valley height difference in $Al_2O_3$ coffee ring is over 2um. This non-uniform deposition of $Al_2O_3$ over the surface leads to sever surface roughness of the inkjet-printed films. However, we have manipulated our printing parameters to improve the surface roughness and the packing density of the printed $Al_2O_3$ films. Our inkjet-printed $Al_2O_3$ films show 10 times smoother surface than the initially printed sample's surface. Also the packing density of the printed Ah03 film becomes 70% of high packed $Al_2O_3$. In this presentation, we would like to present the key process parameters of the inkjet printing process to overcome the genetic coffee ring problem.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.287-299
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• 2022

The article deals with the formation of managerial competence of the future head of preschool education institution by means of information and communication technology as a prerequisite for his ability to act competently and objectively evaluate actions and understand the interaction of forms and content of preschool education. The article aimed to study the effectiveness of information and communication technologies in the formation of managerial competence of the future head of preschool education institution. To achieve the objectives, the methods of comparative and systematic analysis were used to compare different views on the problem under study, namely, the formation of managerial competence of the future head of preschool education institution by means of information and communication technologies. The authors of the article determined that the use of information and communication technologies in the preparation of future heads of preschool educational institutions is of great importance and is an indicator in the structure of managerial competence. The priority directions of the use of various software products for the study of the modern Ukrainian language, methods of teaching the Ukrainian language contribute to the intensification of learning material. It is noted that the current state of development of information technologies and their widespread use in education satisfies the requirements of the objectivity of the assessment obtained the quality of the control process of forming the managerial competence of the future leader in the context of the general problems of pre-school education. It is noted that the means of information and communication technologies play a leading role in creating new educational policies and projects, as they motivate the way of access to knowledge.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.973-980
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop VDFT (Visual Basic based Density-coupled Flow and Transport), a numerical modeling code used to simulate density coupled flow equations used to simulate seawater intrusion in a two dimensional finite difference method. The VDFT code has the advantage of being intuitive and simple to use and has the advantage of utilizing the EXCEL Visual Basic platform, which is widely used for general business purposes. Generally, code developed for numerical simulation can be verified through representative example models called benchmark problem. In this study, we verified the VDFT code using benchmark problem called Henry Problem and Modified Henry Problem as well as two laboratory test data. The results of this study are analyzed the importance of each benchmark problems, validated VDFT code compared to those problems. In conclusion, the possibility of using VDFT code is diagnosed and the direction of future research is suggested.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.411-428
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• 2012

There is no single definition of mathematical creativity. But creativity is a key competency to adapt and live in the future. So, there are so many attentions to develop students' mathematical creativity in school mathematics. In special, mathematical problem posing activity is a good method in enhancing mathematical creativity. The purpose of this paper is to analyse on the students' mathematical creativity using problems which are made by students in problem posing activities. 16 children who consist of three groups(high, middle, low) are participated in this study. They are trained to make the problem by Brown & Walter's 'What if not' strategy. The results are as follows: Total creativity is proportional to general achievement levels. There is a difference total creativity between items contents. The number of problems differs little according to the general achievement levels. According to the qualitative analysis, students make the problems using the change of terms. And there is no problem to generalize. Based on this paper, I suggest comparing the creativity between problem posing activity and other creative fields. And we need the deeper qualitative analysis on the students' creative output.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 2009

A research problem for this study is formulated: "Is practical reasoning instruction effective on raising problem solving ability?" This study is a quasi-experimental study with independent variable of practical reasoning instruction and dependent variable of problem solving ability. Six class hours of experimental input for the 'Housing space' is implemented for an experimental group. T-test results show that practical reasoning instruction is effective on total problem solving ability whereas is not effective on 'implementing alternative action' sub-area of problem solving. This study suggests for the future studies to systematically design practical reasoning classes in consider of appropriate class times and sub-areas of problem solving. Input of an experienced teacher of practical reasoning is also recommended to generalize the results of the experimental study.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3
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• pp.26-33
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• 1997

Problem-Based Learning(PBL) is at the forefront of educational reform. The acceptance of PBL as an educational approach with wide application represents a major change in thinking about educational processes and their relationships to the wider community. In 1969, PBL as a method was introduced at the Medical School of McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada. The most important advantages in PBL are acquiring knowledge that can be retrieved and applied, learning to learn(self-directed learning) and learning to analyze and solve Problems. PBL is widely used within the sector where it had its origin, namely health profession education. A generally accepted starting point in the development of a problem-based curriculum is the set of professional competencies of future graduates, which describe the typical problems professionals have to deal with. Formulating learning objectives highly depends on the format and content of the presented problems. Contrary to that, in a classic course in higher education, it is customary that teachers express objectives in a compulsory subject matter. Curricula which advocate problem-based learning generally use case studies in the form of paper cases, simulations and real patients with the intention of stimulating classroom discussion of clinical and basic science concepts within a problem-solving framework. One goal of using paper cases is to stimulate the learning of basic science within a clinical situation. Through self-directed study the students solve problems and explore the psycho-social dimensions within the cases. The general outcome based on the program evaluation research of PBL is that PBL students respond positively about the learning experience. In summary, PBL is a curriculum design and a teaching/learning strategy which simultaneously develops higher order thinking and disciplinary knowledge bases and skills by placing students in the active role of practitioners(or problem solvers) confronted with a situation(ill-structured problem) which reflects the real world.