• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.66-80
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine acupuncture treatment suggested on the papers of hyperemesis gravidarum(HG) in medicine journals and to establish the future direction. Methods: The papers which were associated with acupuncture and HG published between 2000 and 2012 in Medline were searched. Results: 14 studies met the condition. They were 13 randomized controlled trial (RCT)s and 1 clinical study. 13 studies revealed that acupuncture has efficacies in HG. 1 study was shown to have no statistically significant efficacy. 2 studies revealed that acupuncture was safe treatment, and 1 study revealed that acupuncture was reliable treatment. Conclusions: From the paper research, acupuncture treatment seems to be effective on HG. However, due to the lack sufficient research of HG, it would be necessary to fulfill further study about the period of acupuncture treatment on HG and the selection of acupoint through well-designed study and establish standard of evidence of them.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.219-226
• /
• 2021

Background: The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a widely used method to assess the clinical performance of students in clinical practice. Although OSCE has been used for undergraduate students of Korean medicine, this has not been widely reported. Methods: In 2020, the practical course for acupuncture and moxibustion medicine (acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, auricular acupuncture, and burning acupuncture) was taught using flipped learning, according to clinical practice guidelines, and assessed by the OSCE. The appropriateness of this model of education and its evaluation using OSCE were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale, and the results were analyzed. Results: Of the respondents, 67% reported that the OSCE accurately reflected their competency, and 82% reported that online video lectures helped them to improve their clinical skills. The average adequacy score of the model was > 3.7/5, and the average adequacy score of the checklist used in the OSCE was > 4.1/5 for all 5 clinical application skills. The difference in the mean self-efficacy score between students who had taken the OSCE and those students who had not taken the OSCE, was highest in the burning acupuncture group (0.923). Conclusion: This study showed that students' satisfaction with the OSCE was high and flipped learning was an effective education model. In the future, models representing the human body or simulated patients should be used to evaluate students' skills and attitude.

• Asian Spine Journal
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.998-1009
• /
• 2018

Study Design: Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) from rat olfactory mucosa were cultured, characterized, and transplanted into a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Purpose: To evaluate different doses of OECs in a rat model of SCI. Overview of Literature: SCI causes permanent functional deficit because the central nervous system lacks the ability to perform spontaneous repair. Cell therapy strategies are being explored globally. The clinical use of human embryonic stem cell is hampered by ethical controversies. Alternatively, OECs are a promising cell source for neurotransplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of allogenic OEC transplantation in a rat model of SCI. Methods: OECs were cultured from the olfactory mucosa of Albino Wistar rats; these cells were characterized using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Rats were divided into five groups (n=6 rats each). In each group, different dosage ($2{\times}10^5$, $5{\times}10^5$, $10{\times}10^5$, and >$10{\times}10^5$) of cultured cells were transplanted into experimentally injured spinal cords of rat models. However, in the SCI group, only DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium) was injected. Rats were followed up upto 8 weeks post-transplantation. The outcome of transplantation was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scale; motor-evoked potential studies; and histological examination. Results: Cultured cells expressed 41% of p75NTR, a marker for OEC, and 35% of anti-fibronectin, a marker for olfactory nerve fibroblast. These cells also expressed $S100{\beta}$ and glial fibrillary acid protein of approximately 75% and 83%, respectively. All the transplanted groups showed promising BBB scores for hind-limb motor recovery compared with the SCI group (p<0.05). A motor-evoked potential study showed increased amplitude in all the treated groups compared with the SCI. Green fluorescent protein-labeled cells survived in the injured cord, suggesting their role in the transplantation-mediated repair. Transplantation of $5{\times}10^5$ cells showed the best motor outcomes among all the doses. Conclusions: OECs demonstrated a therapeutic effect in rat models with the potential for future clinical applications.

• Journal of the Korean Medical Association
• /
• v.61 no.11
• /
• pp.687-698
• /
• 2018

Inappropriate antibiotic use significantly contributes to antibiotic resistance, resulting in reduced antibiotic efficacy and an increased burden of disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of prescribers whose antibiotics use was high and to explore factors affecting the use of antibiotics by medical institutions. This study analyzed the National Health Insurance claims data from 2015. Antibiotic prescription data were analyzed in terms of the number of defined daily doses per 1,000 patients per day, according to the World Health Organization anatomical-therapeutic-chemical classification and methodologies for measuring the defined daily dose. We investigated the characteristics of prescribers and medical institutions with high antibiotic use. Multivariate regression analyses were performed on the basis of characteristics of the medical institution (number of patients, type of medical institution [hospital or clinic], age of the physician, etc.). The number of patients and number of beds were found to be significant factors affecting antibiotic use in hospitals, and the number of patients, region, and medical department were significant factors affecting antibiotic use at the level of medical institutions. These findings are expected to help policy-makers to better target future interventions to promote prudent antibiotic prescription.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2019

This study was designed to prepare measures for future development and growth of local cosmetics industry by examining awareness, purchasing behaviors and satisfaction of beauty professionals with regard to Korean brand mask packs that have recently created a big trend in the beauty market. According to the results of survey, 80.6 percent of the respondents said that the most important factor in buying a mask pack was 'effect,' and as for the needed improvement of mask packs, 33.7 percent responded 'effect,' indicating that consumers still find the function of a product is unreliable. In addition, the respondents said that 'K-beauty effect' was the reason why mask packs were highly popular abroad, especially in China, and items that can promote beauty market were also said to be 'K-beauty advertising and promotion,' so it is believed that a good impression of K-culture rather than its own efficacy or reliability is leading to the present results. Therefore, K-beauty industry is expected to grow further in the global market if domestic and abroad consumers' confidence on the product is gained through the development of superior products that have improved effect and usability.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.661-670
• /
• 2019

The purpose of the study was to review the evidence of effects of virtual reality (VR) technology in nursing education. Four databases were searched for articles publised until November 2018 that databases include PubMed, Proquest (nursing and allied health), CINAHL, & RISS. Key word used for search include 'education, nursing', 'simulation', 'skill training', 'virtual reality' and 'VR'. Of 695 papers searched, Seven studies were selected for data analysis. Of seven studies, five studies used quasi-experimental design and two used one group design. There were two studies used VR technology for skill training and five were scenario based VR simulation program. Studies evaluated outcomes including students performance, time spent on practice, self-efficacy and communication ability that most studies reported positive effects while some figures were not statistically significant. The findings of this study provides evidence of nursing education program using VR, however, additional research with rigorously designed studies using systematized measurements for study outcomes are required. In addition, comparison with existing skill training and simulation education should be considered in the future studies.

• Annals of Coloproctology
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.306-311
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Hartmann operation is widely recognized as a useful procedure, especially in emergencies involving the rectosigmoid colon. One of the surgeon's foremost concerns after Hartmann operation is future colostomy reversal, as colostomy reversal after a Hartmann procedure is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Laparoscopic surgical techniques continue to prove useful for an ever-increasing variety of indications. We analyzed the outcomes of laparoscopic Hartmann colostomy reversals at our center. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the hospital records of 170 patients who had undergone Hartmann operation between January 2010 and June 2017 at Wonkwang University Hospital. Among 68 Hartmann colostomy reversals, we evaluated and compared the outcomes of 3 groups of patients: 29 patients in the open colostomy reversal group (OG) who had undergone laparotomies for Hartmann reversals, 19 patients in the conversion group (CG) whose laparoscopic procedures had required conversion to a laparotomy, and 20 patients in the laparoscopy group (LG). Results: The overall reversal rate for Hartmann colostomies was 40.5% during this time period. The duration of hospital stay was significantly shorter among LG patients ($10.15{\pm}2.94days$) than among OG patients ($16{\pm}9.5days$). The overall complication rate among OG patients was higher than that among LG patients (adjusted odds ratio, 8.78; P = 0.01). The most common complication was postoperative ileus (19.1%). Conclusion: If no contraindications to laparoscopy exist, surgeons should favor a laparoscopic reversal of Hartmann operation over an open reversal.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2019

Objectives Osteoarthritis is hard to manage with both conventional and Korean medicine treatment. The core outcome set (COS) to demonstrate the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment has not been established yet. We aimed to present preliminary data of COS by performing a literature review on the evaluation indices used in existing clinical research. Methods We examined the literature from 2000 to 2017 in two Korean electronic databases (Korea citation index and oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system) by searching for the following 3 terms 'total knee replacement (Korean)', 'total knee replacement,' and 'knee surgery.' We found 333 articles; among them, 50 duplicates were removed. Finally, we selected 160 articles after complete screening. We then extracted measured indices and clinical outcomes from the selected articles and categorized the relevant criteria. Results According to this study, the hospital for special surgery and knee society, range of movement angle, cross leg, Berg balance scale and balance ability, muscle strength, 6 minutes walking test, visual analogue scale, self-efficacy, the 12-item and 36-item short form survey and self-rated health status are the most commonly used outcomes of knee. Conclusions This study found that the several categories after total knee replacement (TKR) are being evaluated in the literature, and we were able to verify the most frequently used evaluation indices in these categories. The results of this study will be used to establish evaluation indices for the treatment of TKR in the future using Korean medicine.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 2019

Objectives This study aimed to review clinical studies about Korean medicine used in peroneal nerve palsy. Methods In 11 online databases (Earticle, Research Information Sharing Service, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, KMbase, Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, National Digital Science Library, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Ebscohost, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure), we searched clinical studies about Korean medicine. Among the studies that we've searched, we excluded the studies that are not related to Korean medicine, case reports, randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies. As a result, 16 case studies and 1 randomized controlled trial are included. Results Total number of patients was 123. In these studies, acupuncture (100%), herbal medicine (58.8%), pharmacopuncture (58.8%), Korean physical therapy (58.8%), moxibustion (41.1%), cupping (41.1%) etc. were used. In acupuncture, GB34 and ST36 were most frequently used. Most of the herbal medicines used in these studies were different. Range of movement were most frequently used in outcome measure. Conclusions In this study, we reviewed studies about Korean medicine used in peroneal nerve palsy. It was difficult to clearly determine which intervention has improved the symptom. In the future, Further clinical studies will be needed to retain the evidence for the treatment of peroneal nerve palsy. And also more randomized controlled clinical trials to prove the efficacy of Korean medicine will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.104-114
• /
• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis in comparison with manual acupuncture treatment. Methods : Through four foreign online databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, and CNKI) and five domestic online databases (NDSL, RISS, KISS, OASIS, and KTKP), we searched for clinical studies that performed fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis until May 10, 2019. Only randomized controlled trials were selected and we assessed the risk of bias according to the Cochrane RoB criteria. This review examined the selected studies into first author, publication year, sample size, outcome measurements, results, acupoints, treatment time & period and so on. Results : A total of 7 RCTs were selected in this review and all were conducted in China. Treatment period of more than 4 weeks and treatment visits of 10 to 20 times were the most common. EX-LE4 and ST35 (=EX-LE5) acupoints were most frequently selected in treatment. Among the evaluation indexes, a total efficacy rate was used the most. Most of fire needling groups showed more significant results compared with the manual acupuncture groups statistically. Conclusions : All studies showed that fire needling treatments for knee osteoarthritis were more effective than manual acupuncture treatments statistically. Therefore, the results of this study could be utilized as a preliminary data for another clinical research on fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis. However, further well-designed randomized controlled trials will be needed to develop sufficient evidence about the effectiveness and safety of fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis in the future.