• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

The objective of this study is to examine the trends in big data. Research abstracts were extracted from 4,019 articles, published between 1995 and 2018, on Web of Science and were analyzed using topic modeling and time series analysis. The 20 single-term topics that appeared most frequently were as follows: model, technology, algorithm, problem, performance, network, framework, analytics, management, process, value, user, knowledge, dataset, resource, service, cloud, storage, business, and health. The 20 multi-term topics were as follows: sense technology architecture (T10), decision system (T18), classification algorithm (T03), data analytics (T17), system performance (T09), data science (T06), distribution method (T20), service dataset (T19), network communication (T05), customer & business (T16), cloud computing (T02), health care (T14), smart city (T11), patient & disease (T04), privacy & security (T08), research design (T01), social media (T12), student & education (T13), energy consumption (T07), supply chain management (T15). The time series data indicated that the 40 single-term topics and multi-term topics were hot topics. This study provides suggestions for future research.

• Journal of Wind Energy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.14-24
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• 2023

The significance of renewable energy has been on the rise, as evidenced by the 3020 renewable energy plan and the 2050 carbon neutrality strategy, which seek to advance a low-carbon economy by implementing a power supply strategy centered around renewable energy sources. This study examines the wind resources on the west coast of South Korea and confirms the potential for wind power generation in the area. Wind speed data was collected from 22 automatic weather system stations and four light house automatic weather system stations provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration to evaluate potential sites for wind farms. Weibull distribution was used to analyze the wind data and calculate wind power density. Annual energy production and capacity factors were estimated for 15-20 MW-class large wind turbines through the height correction of observed wind speeds. These findings offer valuable information for selecting wind power generation sites, predicting economic feasibility, and determining optimal equipment capacity for future wind power generation sites in the region.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.40 no.6 s.179
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• pp.447-458
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• 2007

In this study, the coastal urban flood prediction and warning system based on HEC-RAS and SWMM were investigated to evaluate a watershed of On-Cheon stream in Busan which has characteristics of costal area cased by flooding of coastal urban areas. The basis of this study is a selection of various geological data from the numerical map that is a watershed of On-Cheon stream and computation of hydrologic GIS data. Thiessen method was used for analyzing of rainfall on the On-Cheon stream and 6th regression equation, which is Huff's Type II was time-distribution of rainfall. To evaluate the deployment of flood prediction and warning system, risk depth was used on the 3 selected areas. To find the threshold runoff for hydraulic analysis of stream, HEC-RAS was used and flood depth and threshold runoff was considered with the effect of tidal water level. To estimate urban flash flood trigger rainfall, PCSWMM 2002 was introduced for hydrologic analysis. Consequently, not only were the criteria of coastal urban flood prediction and warning system decided on the watershed of On-Cheon stream, but also the deployment flow charts of flood prediction and warning system and operation system was evaluated. This study indicates the criteria of flood prediction and warning system on the coastal areas and modeling methods with application of ArcView GIS, HEC-RAS and SWMM on the basin. For the future, flood prediction and warning system should be considered and developed to various basin cases to reduce natural flood disasters in coastal urban area.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.3 no.2 s.5
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• pp.105-117
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• 2004

CVO(Commercial Vehicle Operations) of Intelligent Transport Systems is the system to manage effciently cargo distribution as providing at real time the information of cargo location and situation through nS and GPS technology. In this paper, we proposed the Gate Automation System of harbors among AVI/AEI. To implement this system, we use the DSRC(Dedicated Short Range Communication) which adopts an wireless communication between RSE(Road-side Equipment) and OBE(on-Board Equipment) on a vehicle. When constructing the automation gateway system of harbors, the business application ability are reviewed practically and the logistics facilities to be constructed in the near future nay use this paper results according to the international standard and it could help complete integrated logistics system.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2008

In pulse diagnosis, the indentation pressure is one of the most important factors as well as the change of pulse shape and the distribution of pressure via time. But, on the oriental medical doctor's indentation pressure control, the understandings of the neurophysiological meanings and mechanisms have been lacked. So, in this paper, we considered on these issues and then proposed a proper system which can imitate the OMD's indentation pressure control mechanisms. As a result, both tactile information and kinesthetic information were found to be essential to the indentation pressure control so that a system, which can measure both the physical indent pressure and the displacement of an indentation arm, has been proposed. With this proposed system, while the indentation was being controlled through the moving step number of the step motor, the physical indentation pres sure and displacement of the indentation arm were measured. From these measured data, the relationships between the moving step number and both physical indentation pressure and displacement were revealed to have linear characteristics in early phase and to have nonlinear characteristics in latter phase. Additionally, three types of graph were generated whose X axis means the moving step number, the physical indentation pressure and the displacement respectively and Y axis means the pulse pressure. By comparing these graphs, we come to conclude that different concepts on indentation pressure control cause different diagnostic results on floating/sinking degrees for the same subject. Consequently, an indentation system for the pulse diagnosis should be able to provide both the tactile information and kinesthetic information, that is, the physical indentation pressure and the displacement of the indentation arm. In future, the proposed system should be optimized to the pulse diagnosis environment and how to combine the both information for more reliable diagnosis should be studied.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.16-37
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• 1990

A cost analysis for hospitalized patients was carried out based upon Patient Classification System(PCS) in order to determine an appropriate nursing fee. The data were collected from 21 nursing units of three teaching hospitals from April 1 to June 30, 1989. first, all of the 22,056 inpatients were classified into mildly ill(Class Ⅰ), moderately ill(Class Ⅱ), acutely ill(Class Ⅲ), and critically ill(Class Ⅳ) by the PCS which had been carefully developed to be suitable for the Korean nursing units. Second. PCS cost accounting was applied to the above data. The distribution of inpatients, nursing costs, and nursing productivity were as follows : 1) Patient distribution ranged from 45% to class Ⅰ, 36% to class Ⅱ, 15% to class Ⅲ, and 4% to class Ⅳ, the proportion of class Ⅳ in ‘H’ Hospital was greater than that of the other two hospitals. 2) The proportion of Class Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the medical nursing units was greater than that of surgical nursing units. 3) The number of inpatients was greatest on Tuesdays, and least on Sundays. 4) The average nursing cost per hour was W 3,164 for ‘S’ hospital, W 3,511 for ‘H’ hospital and W 4,824 for ‘K’ hospital. The average nursing cost per patient per day was W 14,126 for ‘S’ Hospital, W 15,842 for ‘H’ hospital and W 21,525 for ‘K’ hospital. 5) The average nursing cost calculated by the PCS was W 13,232 for class Ⅰ, W 18,478 for class Ⅱ, W 23,000 for class Ⅲ, and W 25,469 for class Ⅳ. 6) The average nursing cost for the medical and surgical nursing units was W 13,180 and W 13,303 respetively for class Ⅰ, W 18,248 and W 18,707 for class Ⅱ, W 22,303 and W 23,696 for class Ⅲ, and W 24,331 and W 26,606 for class Ⅳ. 7) The nursing costs were composed of 85% for wages and fringe benefits, 3% for material supplies and 12% for overhead. The proportion of wages and fringe benefits among the three Hospitals ranged from 75%, 92% and 98% for the ‘S’, ‘H’, ‘K’ hospitals respectively These findings explain why the average nursing cost of ‘K’ hospital was higher than the others. 8) According to a multi- regression analysis, wages and fringe benefits, material supplies, and overhead had an equal influence on determining the nursing cost while the nursing hours had less influence. 9) The productivity of the medical nursing units were higher than the surgical nursing units, productivity of the D(TS) - nursing units was the lowest while the K(Med) - nursing unit was the highest in 'S' hospital. In ‘H’ hospital, productivity was related to the number of inpatients rather than to the characteristics of the nursing units. The ‘K’ hospital showed the same trend as ‘S’ hospital, that the productivity of the medical nursing unit was higher than the surgical nursing unit. The productivity of ‘S’ hospital was evaluated the highest followed by ‘H’ hospital and ‘K’ hospital. Future research on nursing costs should be extended to the other special nursing areas such as pediatric and psychiatric nursing units, and to ICU or operating rooms. Further, the PCS tool should be carefully evaluated for its appropriateness to all levels of institutions(primary, secondary, tertiary). This study took account only of the quantity of nursing services when developing the PCS tool for evaluating the productivity of nursing units. Future research should also consider the quality of nursing services including the appropriateness of nursing activities.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.16-33
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• 2021

Objectives This study aims to provide directions for future Korean pediatric medicine treatment and researches by analyzing the characteristics of diseases of Korean pediatric outpatients before and after the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods We analyzed the medical records of 10,868 new patients aged 0-18 who visited the Korean pediatrics at Kyung Hee university hospital from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. All patients were divided into 2 groups; patients who visited from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, before the coronavirus epidemic, and patients who visited from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021, after the coronavirus epidemic. Within the two groups, the diagnosis distribution was performed for the entire population, by gender and by age group. Diagnoses were classified as allergy, growth, gastrointestinal, respiratory, general body supplementation, neuropsychiatric, skin, urogenital, musculoskeletal, and other systems. Results According to the comparative analysis results of before and after the COVID epidemic, there was a decreasing trend of diagnoses in relates to allergy, respiratory, urogenital, musculoskeletal system. On the other side, there was an increasing trend in gastrointestinal, general body supplementation, growth, neuropsychiatric, skin and other system. Changes in diagnosis based on gender and age group will be described below. Conclusions This study analyzed the characteristics of diseases of Korean pediatric outpatients before and after the COVID-19 epidemic, and suggested the direction of future Korean medicine treatment and researches for pediatrics. Also, this study aimed to propose proper treatments for children by showing the role of Korean pediatric medicine related to growth and development of children during the epidemic. However, this study has limitations such as failure to track the long-term impact of COVID-19. Thus, long term follow-up studies are needed to show the effect of COVID-19 on Korean pediatric medicine.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.63-86
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• 2024

This study analyzed the distribution, diversity, and density variation of algal clusters in a freshwater reservoir from an oceanic island and a traditional inland water system to gain insights on future marine freshwater resource management. In the Paldang water system (Han River), despite the upstream Paldang Dam and the downstream Jamsil underwater reservoir being in the same meteorological zone, their algae density patterns varied inversely. The distinct algal cluster structure (diversity/dominance) of Paldang was altered in the downstream reservoir, suggesting that physical devices aid algae management in traditional water systems. In contrast, 24 out of 35 genera (63.2%) identified in the Jeolgol Reservoir (Baeknyeong Island) were unique, lacking regulatory mechanisms, and existing in a complex ecotone. The desmid Chlorophyceae Cosmarium, adapted to higher photosynthetic stress and low temperatures, dominated in January (38.04%) and August (86.45%) during the periods of extreme photosynthetic stress. Jeolgol's annual algal cluster structure (H' 2.097; D 0.259; S' 35) demonstrated higher stability than Paldang (H' 1.125; D 0.448; S' 13) and the Jamsil underwater reservoir (H' 1.078; D 0.469; S' 12), maintaining an H' above 1.5 even during midwinters. No evidence of TN/TP inflow from surrounding soils was observed, even during torrential rainfalls, with phosphorus being the limiting factor for algal growth. TOC, BOD, chlorophyll-a, and turbidity peaked during Cosmarium bloom. Future climate change is expected to cause fluctuations in algal clusters and related water quality factors. The complex transitional nature of the Jeolgol Reservoir, its algal diversity, and the interspecies interactions contribute to the high stability of its algal community.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.385-397
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• 1982

The climatic impacts have been the environmental constraints with soil characteristics to achieve self sufficiency of food production in Korea. In this paper, the distribution and appearance of impacts and the changes in climatological status due to recent trend of early transplanting of rice are widely discussed to derive some countermeasures against the impacts, being focussed on cultural A long term analysis of the climatic impact appearances of the last 74 years showed that drought, strong wind, flood, cold spell and frost were the major impacts. Before 1970's, the drought damage was the greatest among the climatic impacts; however, the expansion and improvement of irrigation and drainage system markedly decreased the damage of drought and heavy rain. The appearance of cold damage became more frequent than before due to introduction of early transplanting for more thermophilic new varieties. Tongillines which were from Indica and Japonica crosses throw more attention to cold damage for high yields to secure high temperature in heading and ripening stages and lead weakness to cold and drought damage in early growth stage after transplanting. The plants became subject to heavy rain in ripening stage also. For the countermeasures against cold damage, the rational distribution of adequate varieties according to the regional climatic conditions and planting schedule should be imposed on the cultivation. A detoured water way to increase water temperature might be suggestable in the early growth stage. Heavy application of phosphate to boost rooting and tillering also would be a nutritional control method. In the heading and ripening stages, foliar application of phosphate and additional fertilization of silicate might be considerable way of nutritional control. Since the amount of solar radiation and air temperature in dry years were high, healthy plants for high yield could be obtained; therefere, the expansion of irrigation system and development of subsurface water should be performed as one of the national development projects. To minimize the damage of strong wind and rainfall, the rational distribution of varieties with different growing periods in the area where the damage occurred habitualy should be considered with installation of wind breaks. Not only vertical windbreaks but also a horizontal wind break using a net might be a possible way to decrease the white heads in rice field by dry wind. Finally, to establish the integrated countermeasures against the climatic impacts, the detailed interpretation on the regional climatic conditions should be conducted to understand distribution and frequency of the impacts. The expansion of observation net work for agricultural meteorology and development of analysis techniques for meteorological data must be conducted in future together with the development of the new cultural techniques.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

In this study, we propose a new CT classification system which is essential factor for strengthening competitiveness of culture contents and technical assistance of convergence contents. For this, we drew particularity of culture contents by reviewing concept and current state of CT. And also we drew problems of existing CT classification systems and implications for applying to future CT classification system by systematic analysis of existing CT classification systems. Through this series of process we developed a new CT classification system applied particularity of culture contents. The suggested CT classification system can embrace all kind of technologies related to all steps of value chain-planning, manufacturing/production, distribution, service- of culture contents. And it has significance having flexibility for government investigation and applying the law and more realistic for industrial site by restructuring of middle classification level.