• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.559-565
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• 2011

In this paper, I propose a distributed game server system which has flexibility of enormous game character's processing in MMORPG using block scheme. I proposed game servers in distributed system grouped with zone which charge of each map, and the game servers in this zone divide game map into several unit blocks and process distributing blocks to game servers according to its performance. I proposed distributed game server system using block scheme can add/drop game map to/from easily through block process method in game and communication servers. Therefore, my proposed system can enormous character processing and add user created game map to existed game map easily in the future as well. Also, my scheme increases the system utilization and upgrades system stability by dynamic distribution of game map according to the number of characters and performance of servers.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.3 s.18
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• pp.31-47
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• 2006

Nowadays Korean governments use Information Technology to improve the quality of life for a people. One of these tries is building the Food Tracing System based on Information Technology. Koreans have big concern about food that is good for health. The Food Tracing System means that the system can follows, traces, and records every steps of production and delivery of food and its ingredient. And this process should be identified and grouped by using tags, marks, and other methods. For example, producer of ingredient, processing steps of food, delivered place could be traced. In addition to food, medical herbs need consumer's trust in production and delivery. To trace and prosecute contaminated medical herbs, medical herbs also need this kind of Tracing System based on Information Technology. This study shows current medical herbs tracing ways and RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology trend. As preceding study for future RFID based medical herbs tracing system, this study suggests the building plan and scenario of the Medical Herbs Tracing System. The determination of the main body for sticking RFID Tags is very important to design for RFID Traceability System. In this study, the starting point of information to medical herbs is an inspection agency. The Medical Herbs to product domestically or import moved to an inspection agency. An inspection agency bond the RFID Tags to packing of the Medical Herbs after examining the a basic its component. At the same time inspector give the information of production or importation to the Tags. This Tags are moved for logistical process to end point, the Korean medicine agency. The customer confirmed the traceability and certification information of the Medical Herbs. For success tracing of medical herbs, institutional support and close cooperation between related organizations is necessary besides good system design.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.153-161
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• 2007

In this paper, we analyze the algorithm of the methodology developed by ITU for the calculation of spectrum requirements of IMT-Advanced. We propose an approach to estimate user density using traffic statistics, and to estimate spectrum efficiencies using carrier-to-interference ratio distribution and capacity theory as well as experimental data under Korean mobile communication environments. We calculate the IMT-Advanced spectrum requirements based on the user density and spectral efficiencies acquired from the new method. In the case of spectral efficiency using higher modulation and coding schemes, the spectrum requirement of IMT-Advanced is approximately 2700 MHz. When applying a $2{\times}2$ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system, it is approximately 1500 MHz; when applying a $4{\times}4$ MIMO antenna system, it is approximately 1050 MHz. Considering that the development of new technology will increase spectrum efficiency in the future, the spectrum requirement of IMT-Advanced in the Korean mobile communication environment is expected to be approximately 1 GHz bandwidth.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.29-31
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• 2019

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to examine the newly formed a partnership of Amazon, Berkshire Hathaway (Berkshire) and JPMorgan through the lens of strategic alliance, corporate philanthropy, and corporate social responsibility. Research design, data, and methodology - This is an analytical case study that examines the existing scholarly articles in strategic alliances, corporate philanthropy, and corporate social responsibility to explain the recent strategic alliance. Results - There is a clear limitation in explaining this type of unconventional strategic alliance with exiting definitions and concepts because there is no existing study or case available today. Forming a strategic business alliance to create and operate healthcare for their domestic employees could be viewed as a social innovation that resulted from an effort to resolve a social problem, the ineffective healthcare system in the U.S., rather than focusing on business benefits and profits. Conclusions - The success or failure of this type of business alliance would certainly affect the current healthcare system of the United States and global businesses and healthcare industries in the future. However, just entering or tapping into uncharted territory by these three companies to deal with a social issue is significant enough to merit further exploration and analysis for scholars and practitioners.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.53-72
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• 1991

An integrated model is developed in this paper for the performance assessment of high level radioactive waste repository. This integrated model consists of two simple mathematical models. One is a multiple-barrier failure model of the repository system based on constant failure rates which provides source terms to biosphere. The other is a biosphere model which has multiple pathways for radionuclides to reach to human. For the parametric uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for the risk assessment of high level radioactive waste repository, Latin hypercube sampling and rank correlation techniques are applied to this model. The former is cost-effective for large computer programs because it gives smaller error in estimating output distribution even with smaller number of runs compared to crude Monte Carlo technique. The latter is good for generating dependence structure among samples of input parameters. It is also used to find out the most sensitive, or important, parameter groups among given input parameters. The methodology of the mathematical modelling with statistical analysis will provide useful insights to the decision-making of radioactive waste repository selection and future researches related to uncertain and sensitive input parameters.

• Water for future
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 1995

A stochastic model "STO-RIV" for the prediction of water quality variation in a river system has been developed. Extended Streeter-Phelps equation and Monte Carlo simulation are used in the model. The model is applied to the reach of Waegwan to Mulkeum in the Nakdong River to compute the probability distribution of BOD and DO concentration at Mulkeum site. As the strategies to attain the goal of the water quality, some alternatives considering the treatment effect of the Keumho river are discussed using the stochastic model. Application of stochastic analysis to water quality management is strongly recommended in this country.s country.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.30.1-30.1
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• 2011

We present construction of 3D Earth optical Model for in-orbit performance prediction of L1 halo orbiting earth remote sensing instrument; the Albedo Monitor and Radiometer (Amon-Ra) using Integrated Ray Tracing (IRT) computational technique. The 3 components are defined in IRT; 1) Sun model, 2) Earth system model (Atmosphere, Land and Ocean), 3)Amon-Ra Instrument model. In this report, constructed sun model has Lambertian scattering hemisphere structure. The atmosphere is composed of 16 distributed structures and each optical model includes scatter model with both reflecting and transmitting direction respond to 5 deg. intervals of azimuth and zenith angles. Land structure model uses coastline and 5 kinds of vegetation distribution data structure, and its non-Lambertian scattering is defined with the semi-empirical "parametric kernel method" used for MODIS (NASA) missions. The ocean model includes sea ice cap with the sea ice area data from NOAA, and sea water optical model which is considering non-Lambertian sun-glint scattering. The IRT computation demonstrate that the designed Amon-Ra optical system satisfies the imaging and radiometric performance requirement. The technical details of the 3D Earth Model, IRT model construction and its computation results are presented together with future-works.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.31
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• pp.56-63
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• 2002

This study intends to prepare a system that can be used, by applying digital technique, in analyzing complexity of architectural forms that have been visualized by the correlation based on the distribution chart made in accordance with profile lines. The profile lines are derived from the edge analysis of the architectural forms, simplified based on the visual theory. For the purpose, this study was conducted in the following ways: First, problems of the existing models for the elevation analysis were examined along with formal analysis based on visual recognition to consider the profile lines derived from the forms. Secondly, in elevation analysis, profile lines were derived by digital method to measure them qualitatively. To verify the objectivity of the measured data value, a survey was conducted based on the adjective cataloging method, and the correlation of the survey result and analyzed data was analyzed to verify the validity of the derived data. Thirdly, supplementation for the problems deducted from experiments and the possibility to use it in designing were suggested. Digital method has many advantages over the conventional analyzing system in deriving precise data value by excluding subjectivity. It also allows various analytical methods in analyzing numerous data repeatedly. Diversified models and methods of analysis considering numerous factors arising in the process of designing remain assignments to research in future.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

The aim of this work is to study the specifics of demographic processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan and to justify proposals concerning improvement of tendencies and methods of realizations of demographic policy in the country. The following methods have been used in this study: the principles of system approach; methods of statistical and comparative economic analysis, sociological analysis; method of expert evaluations; generalization and system analysis. Statistical method is based on the accountability of statistics office of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) and on the results of sociological studies. The official statistic information, materials of the population census of the RK, materials of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of RK, data from author's studies, carried out in the Institute of Economy of science committee of Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan were used in this study. The conclusion about positive tendencies in demographic processes and about necessity of improvement of demographic policy was made. A number of proposals and recommendations concerning creation of favorable social and economic conditions for improvement of demographic situation, enhancement of institutional basis of demographic policy, forms and methods of its realization considering priorities of future development of Kazakhstan were justified.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2020

Purpose: This research aims to investigate the impact of corporate integrity on stock price crash risk. Research design, data, and methodology: Taking 1419 firms listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange in China as a sample, this paper empirically analyzed the relationship between corporate integrity and stock price crash risk. The main integrity data was hand-collected from Shenzhen Stock Exchange Website. Other financial data was collected from CSMAR Database. Results: Findings show that corporate integrity can significantly decrease stock price crash risk. After changing the selection of samples, model estimation methods and the proxy variable of stock price crash risk, the conclusion is still valid. Further research shows that the relationship between corporate integrity and stock price crash risk is only found in firms with weak internal control and firms in poor legal system areas. Conclusions: Results of the study suggest that corporate integrity has a significant influence on behaviors of managers. Business ethics reduces the likelihood of managers to overstate financial performance and hide bad news, which leads to the low likelihood of future stock price crashes. Meanwhile, corporate integrity can supplement internal control and legal system in decreasing stock price crash risks.