• Title/Summary/Keyword: Fungal infection

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Acute Pulmonary Mycetoma Due to Candida albicans in AML patient : Case Report (급성 백혈병 환자에서 Candida에 의한 급성 폐진균 감염)

  • Lee, Jae-Kyo;Hwang, Mi-Soo;Kim, Mi-Jin
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.135-140
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    • 1995
  • Acute cavitating pulmonary infection with a mycetoma is sometimes occur in immunocompromised patient. Most mycetoma lesions are due to Aspergillus species, and lesion caused by Candida species is rare. So we report an experienced case that pulmonary and rib infection caused by Candida species in AML patient and complete remission with previous reports.

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Identification of Fungus-infected Tomato Seeds Based on Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography

  • Bharti, Bharti;Yoon, Taeil;Lee, Byeong Ha
    • Current Optics and Photonics
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    • v.3 no.6
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    • pp.571-576
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    • 2019
  • The morphological changes of anthracnose (fungus) -infected tomato seeds have been studied to identify the infection and characterize its effect. Full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) has been utilized as a nondestructive but efficient modality for visualizing the effects of fungal infection. The cross-sectional images extracted from a stack of en face FF-OCT images showed significant changes with infection in the seed structure. First of all, the seed coat disappeared with the infection. The thickness of the seed coat of a healthy seed was measured as 28.2 ㎛, with a standard deviation of 1.2 ㎛. However, for infected seeds the gap between surface and endosperm was not appreciably observed. In addition, the measurements confirmed that the dryness of seeds did not affect the internal seed structure. The reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) image revealed that the permeability of the seed coat, which plays the vital role of protecting the seed, is also affected by the infection. These results suggest that FF-OCT has good potential for the identification of fungus-infected tomato seeds, and for many other tasks in agriculture.

Proteomics of plant-fungal pathogen interaction: an overview (식물과 곰팡이 병원균과의 상호작용에 대한 프로테오믹스 최근 연구 동향)

  • Kim, Jin Yeong;Lee, So Eui;Oh, Ha Ram;Choi, In Soo;Kim, Yong Chul;Kim, Sun Tae
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2014
  • So far it has been generally considered that proteomic approaches are very useful for studying plant-microbes interaction. In this review, recent studies based on papers published from 2010 to 2013 have investigated proteomics analysis in various interaction during plant-fungal pathogen infection by means of gel-based proteomics coupled with mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis. In rice, three papers focused on rice-Magnaporthe oryzae interaction were mainly reviewed in this study. Interestingly, another study showed proteomic changes in rice inoculated with Puccinia triticina, which is not only an fungal pathogen in wheat and but also results to the disease resistance with non-host defense manner in rice. Additionally, proteomics analysis has been widely subjected to understand defense mechanism during other crops (wheat, tomato, strawberry and mint) and their fungal pathogen interaction. Crops inoculated are analyzed to identify differentially regulated proteins at various tissues such as leaf and apoplast using 2-DE analysis coupled with various MS approaches such as MALDI-TOF MS, nESI-LC-MS/MS and MudPIT, respectively. Taken together, this review article shows that proteomics is applicable to various organisms to understand plant-fungal pathogen interaction and will contribute to provide important information for crop disease diagnosis and crop protection.

Orbital floor defect caused by invasive aspergillosis: a case report and literature review

  • Sang Woo Han;Min Woo Park;Sug Won Kim;Minseob Eom;Dong Hwan Kwon;Eun Jung Lee;Jiye Kim
    • Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 2024
  • Fungal sinusitis is relatively rare, but it has become more common in recent years. When fungal sinusitis invades the orbit, it can cause proptosis, chemosis, ophthalmoplegia, retroorbital pain, and vision impairment. We present a case of an extensive orbital floor defect due to invasive fungal sinusitis. A 62-year-old man with hypertension and a history of lung adenocarcinoma, presented with right-side facial pain and swelling. On admission, the serum glucose level was 347 mg/dL, and hemoglobin A1c was 11.4%. A computed tomography scan and a Waters' view X-ray showed right maxillary sinusitis with an orbital floor defect. On hospital day 3, functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed by the otorhinolaryngology team, and an aspergilloma in necrotic inflammatory exudate obtained during exploration. On hospital day 7, orbital floor reconstruction with a Medpor Titan surgical implant was done. In principle, the management of invasive sino-orbital fungal infection often begins with surgical debridement and local irrigation with an antifungal agent. Exceptionally, in this case, debridement and immediate orbital floor reconstruction were performed to prevent enophthalmos caused by the extensive orbital floor defect. The patient underwent orbital floor reconstruction and received intravenous and oral voriconazole. Despite orbital invasion, there were no ophthalmic symptoms or sequelae.

Escherichia coli septicemia concurrent with mycotic infection in captive salt water crocodiles in Bangladesh

  • Sultana, Sajeda;Chowdhury, Emdadul H.;Parvin, R.;Saha, Shib S.;Rahman, Sheik M.;Haider, M.G.;Arif, Abu S.M.;Rahman, Md. Siddiqur;Song, Hee-Jong
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 2012
  • Crocodile farms are getting popular in Bangladesh in an economic point of view. In one of the farms, some crocodiles were found sick and three of them died between May and July in 2006. This investigation was performed to diagnose the cause of the death. Routine postmortem examination was conducted. Samples were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathology and in falcon tube for microbiological study. Additional swabs were collected in nutrient broth. Histopathological and microbiological studies were conducted using routine procedures. In addition Giemsa, Gram and PAS stains were performed to detect the organism in tissues. Grossly, esophagus, trachea, lungs, liver, spleen, heart and kidney were congested. Intestine, rectum and colon were hemorrhagic. Clay colored material was found in colo-rectum. Purulent exudates in lungs and thick and cloudy pericardial fluid in pericardial sac were found. Histologically, multifocal granulomatous inflammation was evident in lung, liver, kidney, intestine and colon with bacterial colonies, fungal spores and hyphae. These bacteria were appeared as Gram negative. Fungal hyphae and spores were detected in liver, lungs and colon by using PAS stain. Bacteriologically, E. coli were isolated from lungs exudates, pericardial fluids and intestinal fluids. Therefore, it can be concluded that 3 crocodiles died due to E. coli septicemia concurrent with mycotic infection.

A Mycosis of Unidentified Fungi in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) (넙치의 미동정 진균 기생증)

  • Kim, Wi-Sik;Baik, Keun Sik;Kim, Duwoon;Seo, Joong-Kyeong;Oh, Myung-Joo;Kang, So Young
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.306-309
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    • 2015
  • In 2014, high mortality was observed in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) during experimental infection. Diseased fish did not show any outward clinical signs, but numerous fungal hyphae were detected in the gills. No parasites or bacteria were isolated from the diseased fish. A high mortality rate (100%) resulted when cohabitation with fungi-infected fish were applied to healthy fish. The affected fish exhibited sever fungi infection in the gills. Histopathological examination revealed numerous fungal hyphae and mycelium around gill filament, lamellar and racker. These results suggest that the fungi may be related with the mortality of olive flounder.

Co-infection of Aspergillus spp. with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in a red-crowned crane: a case report

  • Han, Mi-Na;Kim, Jeong-Ho;Lee, Sang-Kab;No, Kyong-Ok;Chae, Mun-Hui;Cho, Woo-Kyoung;Lee, Jong-Hwa;Jang, Rae-Hoon;Kim, Chang-Seop;Byeon, Hyeon-Seop
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.99-105
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    • 2020
  • This case describes outbreaks of acute aspergillosis in a red-crowned crane. A six-month-old, male, crane had showed clinical signs (i.e. anorexia, performance loss, ruffled feathers and drooped wings and open mouth breathing, etc.) before death. In necropsy examination, spherical to oval nodules disseminated from the respiratory tract to other organs. Those nodules were formed predominantly in air sacs, lung, peritoneum, serosa of esophagus and trachea. The nodules varied in size from 1 mm to over 1cm and the color was white to yellow. Microscopically, most of lung architecture were replaced by multiple foci which were characterized by well demarcated eosinophilic and karyorrhetic debris and surrounded by numerous Inflammatory cell. Most within necrotic center of the nodules, large numbers of fungal hyphae were present. Microbiology result indicated fungal growths on sabroud dextrose agar and bacterial growths on blood agar. Bacteria identified as E. rhusiopathiae using MALDI-TOF (microflex, BRUKER, USA) and fungi identified as A. fumigatus, A. terreus by sequencing the ITS1 and ITS4 regions. To confirm the route of infection, we checked the existence of the same pathogens in cohabitant (i.e. mother crane). The young age and weakened immunity (i.e. bacterial infection, etc.) causes fatal aspergillosis in birds.

Different Response Mechanisms of Rhizosphere Microbial Communities in Two Species of Amorphophallus to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum Infection

  • Min Yang;Ying Qi;Jiani Liu;Penghua Gao;Feiyan Huang;Lei Yu;Hairu Chen
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.207-219
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    • 2023
  • Soft rot is a widespread, catastrophic disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) that severely damages the production of Amorphophallus spp. This study evaluated the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities in Pcc-infected and uninfected plants of two species of Amorphophallus, A. muelleri and A. konjac. Principal component analysis showed that the samples formed different clusters according to the Pcc infection status, indicating that Pcc infection can cause a large number of changes in the bacterial and fungal communities in the Amorphophallus spp. rhizosphere soil. However, the response mechanisms of A. muelleri and A. konjac are different. There was little difference in the overall microbial species composition among the four treatments, but the relative abundances of core microbiome members were significantly different. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacillus, and Lysobacter were lower in infected A. konjac plants than in healthy plants; in contrast, those of infected A. muelleri plants were higher than those in healthy plants. For fungi, the relative abundances of Ascomycota and Fusarium in the rhizosphere of infected A. konjac plants were significantly higher than those of healthy plants, but those of infected A. muelleri plants were lower than those of healthy plants. The relative abundance of beneficial Penicillium fungi was lower in infected A. konjac plants than in healthy plants, and that of infected A. muelleri plants was higher than that of healthy plants. These findings can provide theoretical references for further functional research and utilization of Amorphophallus spp. rhizosphere microbial communities in the future.

Analysis of the Inhibitory Effect of two Bacterial Strains on Metarhizium anisopliae Induced Fatality Rates in Protaetia Brevitarsis

  • Kwak, Kyu-Won;Nam, Sung-Hee;Park, Kwan-Ho;Lee, Heuisam;Han, Myung-Sae
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2018
  • Bacterial species, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Lactobacillus species (L. sp.5-1), are known to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Metarhizium anisopliae is a pathogenic fungal species which causes fatal damage to P. brevitarsis populations. Therefore, we investigated the inhibitory effect of B. amyloliquefaciens and L. sp. 5-1 on M. anisopliae induced fatality rates in P. brevitarsis. Samples of M. anisopliae-infected sawdust were treated with strain B. amyloliquefaciens KACC10116, strain L. sp. 5-1 KACC19351, and a combination of the two. P. brevitarsis were fed treated sawdust samples, and their subsequent fatality rate was monitored. The fatality rate fell below 1.5% after 10 days and decreased by approximately 40% after 15 days. On average, the fatality rate decreased by 20%, compared to the control. The difference in the decrease in fatality rate between B. amyloliquefaciens treatment and L. sp. 5-1 treatment was not significant. Results indicate that both strains exhibit high anti-fungal activity, which may be useful in environmental purification efforts. These strains may be used for effective prevention of fungal infection in P. brevitarsis.

Novel Approaches for Efficient Antifungal Drug Action

  • Lee, Heejeong;Lee, Dong Gun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.28 no.11
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    • pp.1771-1781
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    • 2018
  • The emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, as well as fungal infectious diseases that further threaten health, especially in immunodeficient populations, is a major global problem. The development of new antifungal agents in clinical trials is inferior to the incidence of drug resistance, and the available antifungal agents are restricted. Their mechanisms aim at certain characteristics of the fungus in order to avoid biological similarities with the host. Synthesis of the cell wall and ergosterol are mainly targeted in clinical use. The need for new approaches to antifungal therapeutic agents or development alternatives has increased. This review explores new perspectives on mechanisms to effectively combat fungal infections and effective antifungal activity. The clinical drug have a common feature that ultimately causes caspase-dependent cell death. The drugs-induced cell death pathway is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytochrome c release. This mechanism of action also reveals antimicrobial peptides, the primary effector molecules of innate systems, to highlight new alternatives. Furthermore, drug combination therapy is suggested as another strategy to combat fungal infection. The proposal for a new approach to antifungal agents is not only important from a basic scientific point of view, but will also assist in the selection of molecules for combination therapy.