• 한국포장학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2017

본 연구는 딸기(cv. 'Maehyang')의 모의 선박 수출 온도조건($2^{\circ}C$(10일${\sim}8^{\circ}C$(11일))에서 MA 저장에 적합한 고 산소투과율(OTR) 필름 종류 구명과 이에 따른 품질 변화를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. MA 저장 처리는 산소투과율이 각각 1,300, 10,000, 20,000, 그리고 $30,000cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$ OTR 필름으로 하였고, 관행 유통 처리는 유공 필름으로 포장한 대조구로 두었다. 저장 중 생체중 감소율은 유공 필름을 제외한 모든 MA 저장 처리에서 0.5% 미만이었다. 포장 내 이산화탄소와 산소 농도는 10,000 cc, 20,000 cc, 그리고 30,000 cc OTR 필름에서 딸기의 적정 CA/MA 조건(이산화탄소 15~20%, 산소 농도 5~10%)을 유지하였다. 에틸렌 농도는 처리간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이취는 1,300 cc OTR 필름은 관능 평가를 통해 높은 이취와 가장 낮은 곰팡이 발생률을 보였다. 경도, 당도, 그리고 외관상 품질은 10,000 cc OTR 필름에서 가장 높게 유지되었다. 결론적으로, 10,000 cc OTR 필름은 가장 높은 품질과 관행 유통 조건보다 저장 수명을 13일 정도 연장할 수 있었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2009

The occurrences of the major diseases and the densities of air-born microbes were surveyed in the cultivation facilities for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii), and enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) in different areas of Korea. Green mold disease was most often developed in oyster mushroom bed cultivation with the disease incidence rate of approximate 10% while the disease incidences from bottle and plastic envelop cultivation were less than 1~2%. In the bed cultivation, the major air-born microbes in the growth room were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichoderma, and Curvularia with the total fungal population density of 567~1,297 CFU/$m^3$ . However, only Trichoderma and Penicillium were detected in the growth rooms and innoculation rooms of bottle and plastic envelop cultivation with the densities of 350~700 CFU/$m^3$ and 160~260 CFU/$m^3$, respectively. The bacterial diseases become evident in the growth rooms of bottle and plastic envelop cultivation with the approximate incidence rate of 10%. The identified bacterial species were Brevibacillus levelkil, Rhizobium radiobacter, Brevundimonas vesicularis, Pseudomonas mosselii, Microbacterium testaceum. Sphingomonas panmi, Sphingomonas yabuuchiae, Paracocus dinitrificans, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens and some unidentified bacteria with the densities of 40~6,359 CFU/$m^3$ in the growth rooms and 9 CFU/$m^3$ in the inoculation room. This study indicated that the green mold disease by fungal strains was the major mushroom disease in the bed cultivation and suggested that the contamination of bacteria and fungi together in the growth media could result in severe production loss. The plastic envelope and bottle cultivation were evidenced to be less susceptible to such contaminations.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.636-642
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• 2007

목 적 : 면역력이 약한 미숙아나 저체중 출생아에 여러 가지 침습적 조작으로 인한 항생제 사용이 진균 감염, 특히 칸디다 감염의 위험을 증가시킨다. 이를 감소시키기 위한 방법으로 fluconazole 예방요법이 칸디다 감염율과 사망률을 감소시켰다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구는 1,500 g 미만의 극소저체중 출생아들에 대한 예방적 항진균제 사용이 칸디다 감염의 발생을 감소시키는데 효과적인지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 전남대학병원 신생아중환자실에 입원한 1,500 g 미만의 극소저체중 출생아 중 기관내 삽관이나 제대 동정맥 또는 경피적 중심정맥 삽입술을 받은 환아로, 예방적으로 항진균제를 사용하지 않았던 2005년 1월 1일부터 2005년 7월 31일까지 7개월간의 환아를 'fluconazole 비사용군'으로, 사용하였던 2006년 1월 1일부터 2006년 7월 31일까지 7개월간의 환아를 'fluconazole 사용군'으로 하였다. 사용군 29명, 비사용군 28명을 대상으로 진균 감염의 위험인자로 알려진 임상특성과 칸디다 감염증의 발생빈도, 사망률 및 fluconazole의 약물 부작용을 관찰하였다. Fluconazole은 생후 첫 3일에 시작하여 4주간 예방적으로 투여하였으며 시행 첫 1주일은 체중(kg)당 3 mg을 3일 간격으로, 그 다음 주부터는 격일로 투여하였다. 결 과 : 두 군 사이에 재태주령, 출생체중, 성별, 쌍생아, 분만방식에 차이는 없었다. 산과적 인자인 장기 조기 양막파수, 융모양막염 및 산전 스테로이드 사용 빈도에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 신생아 칸디다 감염증의 위험인자로 알려진 1,000 g 미만 초극소저체중 출생아 빈도와 예방적 항생제 사용, 총정맥내 영양요법, 제대동정맥 삽입술 빈도와 유지기간, 지방유제 투여기간 및 기관내 삽관과 지속적 양압환기 사용기간에 두 군간 차이는 없었으나, 비사용군에 비해 사용군이 경피적 중심정맥 삽입술과 지방유제 사용빈도가 높았고 경피적 중심정맥관 유지기간이 길었다. Fluconazole 사용군과 비사용군 간에 진균감염의 빈도와 사망률에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 사용군에서 Malassezia 진균혈증이 5명 발생하였지만 칸디다 감염은 1명도 발생하지 않아 비사용군 5명(칸디다혈증 3명, 침습성 칸디다증 2명)에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 극소저체중 출생아에서 fluconazole의 예방적 투여가 칸디다 감염의 발생빈도를 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 보아 비용-효과 면에서 항진균제의 예방적 투여가 고려될 수 있겠으나, Malassezia 진균혈증의 증가 원인에 대해서도 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.141-152
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• 1996

Oral Lichen Planus(OLP) is a idiopathic chronic inflammatory disease with more difficult to clear and higher recurrent rate than cutaneous lesions. But, there has been no estabilished theories about the proper treatment for OLP. The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical feature, relationship with systemic disease and dental treatment of OLP patients of Korea and to gain helpful information about clinical characteristics and treatment of OLP. The subjects chosen for the study were 54 patients who had visited Department of Oral Diagnosis & Oral Medicine at Yonsei University Dental Hospital Dental Hospital and diagnosed as OLP. Previous clinical records has been reviewed and questionnaires, oral examination, laboratory examination were done and recorded. The following results were obtained : 1. Of the 54 patients, 21 were men and 33 were women with an average age of 47.8 years. 2. The most common intraoral site was bilateral buccal mucosa, followed by unilateral buccal mucosa, gingiva, vesibule, lip mucosa, glossal mucosa, palatal mucosa and mouth floor. 3. The mixed, erosive and reticular form of OLP was most frequent(83.3%) clinical form. 4. OLP patients with liver disease were 5, and drug medication patients were 7. But, we could not find its evidence of association with OLP. 5. Associated events on onset of symptom were stress, denture wearing, dental treatemtn, and common cold. 6. Associated symptoms were dry mouth, tingling, sore throat, and altered taste perception. 30.8% of patients had no specific associated symptoms. 7. Aggravating factors of symptom were peppery food, hot food, fatigue, toothpaste, salty food, sour food, tension, and conversation. Reducing factors were cold food, sleeping. 69.2% of patients had no specific reducing factors. 8. There were no significant differences between normal papulation and OLP patients in CBC, SGOT< SGPT, Serum iron, Total iron binding capacity. 66.7% of subjects were positive response to fungus study for Candida Albicans. The incidence of stress and dental treatment on onset of symptom appeared high in OLP patients. Especially, high incidence of positive response to fungus study for Candida albicans, prescription of anti-fungal agents and dental treatment considerations may be helpful to treatment of OLP.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2013

Apple ring rot disease, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug. ex. Fr) Ces. et de Not., is one of the most important diseases on apple fruits. In this study, strain 9001 isolated from healthy apple fruits from an infested orchard was evaluated for its biocontrol activity against apple ring rot in vitro and in vivo. Strain 9001 showed obvious antagonistic activity to B. dothidea YL-1 when plated on potato dextrose agar. Soaking healthy apples in the bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 prior to artificial inoculation of fungal pathogen resulted in a dramatic decrease in disease incidence when compared to the control. Moreover, either field application in the growth season or postharvest treatment of apples from infected orchards with bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 resulted in significantly reduced disease incidence within the storage period for 4 months at room temperature. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and the gyrA gene, strain 9001 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. These results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens 9001 could be a promising agent in biocontrol of apple ring rot on fruit, which might help to minimize the yield loss of apple fruit during the long postharvest period.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2006

Coccidioidomycosis is a rare systemic fungal infection in Korea. However, the incidence of coccidioidomycosis has recently begun to increase due to the increasing incidence of people traveling overseas to endemic areas. In previously reported cases of coccidioidomycosis in Korea, the radiographic findings usually showed a solitary pulmonary nodule, pleural effusion, cavitation, and hilar lymphadenopathy, but no miliary nodules. We report a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis with miliary nodules in an immunocompetent patient. A 32 year old male, who had traveled in Corona, New Mexico, USA, was admitted for an evaluation of persistent cough with fever. Chest radiography revealed initially diffuse multiple small nodules that appeared to be miliary tuberculosis. However, a subsequent evaluation revealed that he had disseminated coccidioidomycosis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.152-157
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• 1998

Disturbances of the interrelationship among the host, environment, microorganism will cause the infection clinically. Infection can be classified into bacterial, viral, fungal origin, Bacterial infection is most common due to dental caries, periodontal disease. These infections have the potential to spread via the fascial spaces in the head and neck region. We have undertaken clinical studies on infections in the oral and maxillofacial regions by analyzing 78 hospitalized patients in the Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital from 1994 to 1997. The results were as fellows; l. Odontogenic infections were most common with the incidence of 84.6%. 2. Considering the number of involved space, single space was 83.3%, double or more space was 16.6%. The most common fascial space involved was submandibular space and followed by buccal space, 3. The most causative organism isolated from the pus cultures was streptococci group 35.4%. 4. Antibiotics were administrated in all cases, and surgical incision and drainage was performed in 87.2%. 5. Combined administration of penicillin and aminoglycoside was most common in 34.6%.. 6. 7 cases were diagnosed as Ludwig's angina and tracheostomy was done in 2 cases of them.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2016

Variable systemic diseases affect larynx and vocal fold and result in voice change. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease make increase of intra-abdomimal pressure followed by reflux of gastric acid, which stimulate vagal-bronchopulomary reflex aggravating cough and respiratory disturbance. Fungal laryngitis in the general population is extremely rare, but can occur in immunocompromised AIDS patients. Although, initially, empirical antifungal therapy for candidiasis is often given without biopsy, diagnostic direct laryngoscopy and biopsy is imperative if a substantial clinical response is not rapidly achieved. In the highly active anti-retroviral therapy era, HIV-positive patients are living longer and are at higher risk for developing non-AIDS-defining malignancies. The incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) which is related with human papilloma virus infection has increased. The survival is significantly lower among the AIDS-HNC patients with CD4 counts ${\leq}200cells/{\mu}L$. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cause voice disturbance by developing cricoarytenoid joints fixation or nodule on vocal fold. Post-menopausal voice disorder (PMVD) is caused by decreased secretion of estrogen-progesterone resulting in decrease of fundamental frequency (F0). Hormonal replacement therapy is helpful to reduce F0 decrease. RA and PMVD result in slight voice change, but it could crucial in professional voice user.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2010

Four major diseases of chili pepper including two fungal diseases, anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici), and two bacterial diseases, bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), were investigated under future climate-change condition treatments in growth chambers. Treatments with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature were maintained at $720ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $30^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, whereas ambient conditions were maintained at $420ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $25^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. Pepper seedlings or fruits were infected with each pathogen, and then the disease progress was evaluated in the growth chambers. According to paired t-test analyses, bacterial wilt and spot diseases significantly increased by 24% (p=0.008) and 25% (p=0.016), respectively, with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature conditions. On the other hand, neither Phytophthora blight (p=0.906) nor anthracnose (p=0.125) was statistically significant. The elevated $CO_2$ and temperature accelerated the progress of bacterial wilt by two days and bacterial spot by one day compared to the ambient treatment. Temperature regime studies of the diseases without changes in $CO_2$ confirmed that the accelerated bacterial disease progress was mainly due to the increased temperature rather than the elevated $CO_2$ conditions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2009

The potential of. nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain Avr5, either alone or in combination with chitosan and Bion, for inducing defense reaction in tomato plants inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp lycopersici, was studied in vitro and glasshouse conditions. Application Bion at concentration of 5, 50, 100 and $500{\mu}g$/ml, and the highest concentration of chitosan reduced in vitro growth of the pathogen. Nonpathogenic F. oxysporum Avr5 reduced the disease severity of Fusarium wilt of tomato in split plants, significantly. Bion and chitosan applied on tomato seedlings at concentration $100{\mu}g$ a.i./plant; 15, 10 and 5 days before inoculation of pathogen. All treatments significantly reduced disease severity of Fusarium wilt of tomato relative to the infected control. The biggest disease reduction and increasing tomato growth belong to combination of nonpathogenic Fusarium and Bion. Growth rate of shoot and root markedly inhibited in tomato plants in response to tomato Fusarium wilt as compared with healthy control. These results suggest that reduction in disease incidence and promotion in growth parameters in tomato plants inoculated with nonpathogenic Fusarium and sprayed with elicitors could be related to the synergistic and cooperative effect between them, which lead to the induction and regulation of disease resistance. Combination of elicitors and non-pathogenic Fusarium synergistically inhibit the growth of pathogen and provide the first experimental support to the hypothesis that such synergy can contribute to enhanced fungal resistance in tomato. This chemical could provide a new approach for suppression of tomato Fusarium wilt, but its practical use needs further investigation.