• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.2507-2528
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• 2022

Blockchain interoperability, which refers in particular to the ability to access information across blockchain systems, plays the key role for different blockchains to communicate with each other, and further supports the superstructure built on top of the cross-chain mechanism. Nowadays, blockchain interoperability technology is still in its infancy. The existing cross-chain scheme such as BTCRelay requires that the smart contract in a blockchain to download and maintain block headers of the other blockchain, which is costly in maintenance and inefficient to use. In this paper, we propose a supervision mechanism between blockchains, called Surveillant. Specially, the new entities called dual-functional nodes are introduced to commit the real-time information from the blockchain under supervision to the supervising blockchain, which enables users to have efficient cross-chain verification. Furthermore, we introduce Merkle mountain range for blocks aggregation to deal with the large-scale committing data. We propose the design of long orphan branch counter to trace the bifurcations in the blockchain under supervision. The existing incentive mechanism is improved to encourage the behaviors of dual-functional nodes. In Surveillant, the analysis and experimental results demonstrate that users are able to have efficient cross-chain verification with low maintenance overhead.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.5-14
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• 1997

This paper documents a study of the physiology of the lung. The aim of this paper is to better comprehend the physiological function of lung. To this end, the relationship between the physiological function of the lung and the characteristics of the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'(金運氣化), and the functional changes of the lung and its surrounding physiological systems have been studied in their relationship to the concept of the organism as a whole. The results of this study are as follows; The function of the lung is comprehended as corresponding to the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'. In visceral phenomenon, the lung has specific relations with the large intestine(大腸), nase(鼻), skin and hair(皮毛), sweat gland(汗孔), nasal mucus(涕), spirit(氣魄), grief and melancholy(憂 悲), the lung channel of hand-taiyin(手太陰肺經), the large intestine channel of hand-yangming(手陽明大腸經). This is called ‘the physiological systems of the lung’, and because these mutual relations reflect the functional changes of the lung, it is applied as the elementary knowledge to diagnose and treat the lung. For instance, a deficiency of the 'Qi‘ of the lung brings on an unconsolidated defending energy whose manifestations are sweating spontaneously as well as being susceptible to the common cold due to a diability in fighting against external pathogenic factors. Invasion of the lung by external pathogenic factors blocks the movement of the 'Qi' of the lung, which results in nasal obstraction. watery nasal discharge and a hyposmia. So the physiological functions and pathological changes of the lung can be determined by observing ’the physiological systems of the lung‘ based on the precepts of oriental medicine. As a result, the function of the lung is to be understood based on the characteristics of the 'Keum Un Qi Hua'. Furthermore we can know that the physiological systems of the lung mirrors the functional changes of the lung.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.90-94
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of immediate non-functional loading by analyzing histomorphology around the implant tissues in dogs. Five eight- to nine-month-old full-grown dogs weighing around 12 kg were used in the study. Group I (control group) comprised those in which delayed loading was applied to the right side of the mandible, and Group II (experimental group) consisted of dogs in which immediate loading was performed on the left side of the mandible. Resorbable blast media (RBM)-treated double-threaded US III implants measuring 3.5 mm in diameter and 11 mm long were used in the study. Each animal received four implants in each group, for a total of 40 implants. Cemented type abutments were used after implantation. An 8-week period was allowed for bone healing and an abutment was placed after exposing the periosteum for loading. An implant sample was obtained from bone blocks taken when the dogs were killed at 16 weeks after loading. A Mann-Whitney U-test was performed to evaluate statistical significance. Student's t-test was used for the histological evaluation. The bone formation ratio in Groups 1 and 2 was 88.23 and 86.41%, respectively. No significant difference in new bone formation was observed in the two groups. As no significant difference was seen in new bone formation between the delayed and immediate loading groups, early loading might be possible after implant placement.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.55-57
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• 2002

The fabrication, characterization and manipulation of nanosystems brings together physics, chemistry, materials science and biology in an unprecedented way, Phenomena occurring in such systems are fundamental to the workings of electronic devices, but also to living organisms. The ability to fabricate nanostructures is essential in the further development of functional devices that incorporate nanoscale features. Even more essential is the ability to introduce a wide range of chemical and materials flexibility into these structures to build up more complex nanostructures that can ultimately rival biological nanosystems. In this respect, polymers are potentially ideal nanoscale building blocks because of their length scale, well-defined architecture, controlled synthesis, ease of processing and wide range of chemical functionality that can be incorporated. In this presentation, we will look at a number of promising polymer-based nanofabrication strategies that have been developed recently, with an emphasis on those techniques that incorporate nanostructured polymers into devices and that exploit intrinsic polymer properties.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.245-250
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• 2011

ERTMS/ETCS Level 1 ATP, ATC and ATS are Signaling Systems adopted in korea. For operating in three different trackside signaling systems, train must have individual onboard signaling systems, ATP, ATC and ATS. Three signaling systems in one train is the main cause to increase installation and maintenance cost. Also it is need more effort to change a onboard signaling system depend on the trackside signaling system. those things should lead to decrease efficiency of the onboard signaling system. one integrated onboard signaling system for ATP, ATC and ATS is the good solution for those problems. IOSS is an integrated Onboard Signaling System and still developing. In this paper, we introduce the methodology of model-based development of IOSS. IOSS has one superviser process and several functional blocks to process individual signaling system s. Rhapsody which is CASE tool is used to construct the structure and develop the software for IOSS.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2009

This paper presents an efficient synchronizer architecture using a common autocorrelator for Digital Video Broadcasting via Satellite, Second generation (DVB-S2). To achieve the required performance under the worst channel condition and to implement the efficient H/W resource utilization of functional synchronization blocks, we propose a new efficient common autocorrelator structure. The proposed architecture can decrease about 92% of multipliers and 81% of adders compared with the direct implementation. Moreover, the proposed architecture has been thoroughly verified in XilinxTM Virtex IV and R&STM SFU (Signaling and Formatting Unit) broad-cast test equipment.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.145-154
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• 1991

본 논문에서는 데이터의 저장과 판독은 일반 SRAM과 같고 명령과 탐색을 수행하는 8비트 $\times16$ 워드 연상메모리(CAM: Content Addressable Memory)의 알고리즘과 하드웨어를 제시하였다. 설계된 연상메모리 칩은 5개의 기능별 블록(연상메모리 셀 어레이. 어드레스 디코더, 어드레스 인코터, 데이터 셀럭터, 감지 증폭기)으로 나누어서 설계하고 논리 및 회로 검증을 마친 후 3 um CMOS N Well공정을 이용하여 칩을 제작하였다

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권11S호
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• pp.3278-3288
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• 1999

This paper proposes a security platform, called SCAP(Security platform for CORBA based APplication), to cope with potential threats in a distributed object system. SCAP supports CORBA security specification announced by OMG. SCAP is comprised of four functional blocks, which co-work with ORB to provide security services: Authentication Block, Association Block, Access Control Block, and Security Information Management Block. It is designed to support Common Secure Interoperability Functionality Level 2, which is useful for large-scale intra-, or inter-network based applications. Actual security services, which are dependent on supporting security technology, will be provided as external security service for replace ability. Implementation issues such as how to simulate an interceptor mechanism using a commercial ORB product without source code, and how to extend Current object required for security services are also described. At the end of the paper, the SCAP applied to the web environment is described to show its practical utilization.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2003년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.227-233
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• 2003

본 논문은 MPLS 기반의 VPN 서비스를 제공하고 각 VPN 사이트가 요구하는 QoS를 제공할 수 있는 에지 라우터를 설계하고 구현한다. 에지 라우터 설계를 위하여 라우팅과 시그널링 프로토콜을 기반으로 하는 제어 구조와 패킷 포워딩을 위한 데이터 구조를 설계하고 이를 이용하여 각각의 기능적 블록간의 인터페이스를 설계한다. 또한 에지 라우터의 설계를 기반으로 차별화 된 VPN 서비스를 제공하는 MPLS기반의 VPN을 구현하고, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 설계된 에지 라우터 간 차별화 된 경로를 설정해 줌으로써 VPN 사이트 간에 요구되는 대역폭과 지연 등 트래픽 특성을 보장해 줄 수 있음을 확인한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1056-1063
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 연상 메모리 소자에 대한 데이터와의 병렬 처리 최적 정합 방식을 적용하여 계산 효율과 처리율을 높인 단일 PE 아키텍쳐를 이용하여 CAM을 설계하였다. 설계한 CAM은 크게 3개의 기능 블록(입력 MUX, 최적 정합 CAM, 제어부)으로 구성되어 있다. 데이터 처리는 병렬 입력 및 병렬 비교를 하여 고속으로 데이터를 처리하는 전.병렬 방식을 채택하였다. 이러한 특성을 갖는 CAM은 회로 및 논리 시뮬레이션을 통하여 ETRI 3 m-well 공정 설계 규칙을 사용하여 설계하였다. 본 논문에서 설계된 CAM의 최대 동작 주파수는 20MHz이다.