• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.3 no.5
• /
• pp.707-714
• /
• 1998

This cross-sectional study was designed to describe in nutritional and health status of the Korean elderly residing in America using demographic variables, dietary, anthropometric and functional status indicators, and to investigate possible relationships among these variables. Sixty elderly persons aged 61-91 years were assessed in their homes. Dietary intake was estimated by the 24-hour recall and brief dietary questionnaire. The following anthropometric measures were taken : weight, height, knee height, triceps skinfold, and midarm circumference. Functional status was measured by activities of daily living(ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living(IADLs) questionnaires, and a measure of psychosocial status as "happiness score"(a life satisfaction questionnaire). Intakes of energy, calcium, magnesium, folacin, vitamin B6, and zinc were low in this elderly sample. Females 75 years of age and older had extremely low energy intakes. A large percentage of subjects reported difficulty with both activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Subjects over 75 years of age reported more difficulty than younger subjects for most activities. Gender differnces were seen in anthropometric variables and energy intake. Happiness scores were similar in subjects, regardless of age or gender, however, happiness score was significantly correlated with the energy and protein intake(p<0.05). Several difficulties were encountered during the assessment of this elderly sample. The conditions in the home were unpredictable and often inadequate for the anthropometric measures in particular. Further research is needed to improve current methodologies so that they may be more adaptable to the conditions found in homes. in homes.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2011

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical impairments and daily activities on the basis of the outcome measurements in stroke patients. Seventy-six stroke patients participated in this study. Two physical therapists evaluated 3 clinical common measurements, i.e., the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Multiple regression analysis was used, as the dependent variables were the BBS and FIM; the independent variables were post-stroke duration, FMA of Upper Extremity (FMU), and FMA of Lower Extremity (FML). In the regression equation of the BBS, the coefficient of determination ($R^2$) was .383, and the FML was found to be the most important variable for determining the BBS score. In the regression equation of the FIM, $R^2$ was .531, and the FML was found to be the most important variable for determining the FIM. These results suggest that there is a need to determine the function of activities on the basis of the physical impairments of stroke patients. More variable measurement tools on the levels of body function and structure, as well as activity limitations are required.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2015

The ISO 26262 standard requires a preliminary hazard analysis and risk assesment early in the development for automotive system. This is a first step for the development of an automotive system to determine the necessary safety measures to be implemented for a certain function. In this paper, we propose an ontology-based hazard analysis and risk assessment method for automotive functional safety. We use ontology to model the hazard and SWRL(Semantic Web Language) to describe risk analysis. The applicability of the proposed method is evaluated by the case study of an ESCL(electronic steering column lock) system. The result show that ontology deduction is useful for improving consistency and accuracy of hazard analysis and risk assessment.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.225-233
• /
• 2012

The research discusses interrelationship of structural and reliability importance measures which used in the probabilistic safety assessment. The most frequently used component importance measures, such as Birnbaum's Importance (BI), Risk Reduction (RR), Risk Reduction Worth (RRW), RA (Risk Achievement), Risk Achievement Worth (RAW), Fussel Vesely (FV) and Critically Importance (CI) can be derived from two structure importance measures that are developed based on the size and the number of Minimal Path Set (MPS) and Minimal Cut Set (MCS). In order to show an effectiveness of importance measures which is developed in this paper, the three representative functional structures, such as series-parallel, k out of n and bridge are used to compare with Birnbaum's Importance measure. In addition, the study presents the implementation examples of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) metrics and alternating renewal process models with exponential distribution to calculate the availability and unavailability of component facility for improving system performances. System state structure functions in terms of component states can be converted into the system availability (unavailability) functions by substituting the component reliabilities (unavailabilities) for the component states. The applicable examples are presented in order to help the understanding of practitioners.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2011

Purpose : Many researchers have attempted to identity the reliability used in clinical examination of balance and gait performance for individuals of hemiparetic stroke. The study aims to evaluate whether the reliabilities of three popular clinical measures of balance and gait performance was consistency regardless of applicate experience of those clinical measures compared with previous studies for persons with hemiparetic stroke. Methods : A total of three hemiparetic stroke populations and twenty-six physical therapists were recruited from Glory hospital, Inchen, Korea in this study. The three clinical measures, involving Berg balance test (BBT), dynamic gait index (DGI), and Tinetti performance-oriented mobility assessment (POMA), were assessed in two sessions that were seven days apart. Results : The POMA was showed a good intrarater and interrater reliabilities in people with hemiparetic stroke regardless of measure's experience in clinical field. However BBT and DGI were showed below moderate intrarater and interrater reliabilities. Conclusion : The POMA could be a reliable measure to evaluate functional postural stability and gait performance in hemiparetic stroke patients compared with other two clinical measures regardless of measure's experience of physical therapists.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study aimed to explore changes in symptom distress and functional status in gynecologic cancer patients during the entire treatment cycles of chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective and longitudinal study with repeated measures was designed. Symptom Distress Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status Index were included in a daily log developed for self-administration. A total of 39 patients with a mean age of 48.4 years participated. Results: The levels of symptom distress and functional status changed significantly over the six cycles. Symptom distress kept increasing until its peak at the fourth cycle, while the functional status scored lowest at the first cycle, then it improved as the cycle repeated. In each cycle, symptom distress was marked higher during the first 6 days accompanying poor functional status. However, both changes did not recover completely until the end of each cycle. Conclusion: Nursing assessment and intervention need to be provided based on these changing patterns to help cancer patients cope and adjust successfully during the long treatment period. Further studies are needed to examine the impact of the major symptoms on psychological responses, quality of life, and outcomes of the cancer treatments.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2018

Objective: Setting therapeutic goals assist to identify patient priorities and predict problem that may arise in performing daily and functional activities. Goal setting is associated with improved rehabilitation outcomes in individuals with hemiparetic stroke. This study was conducted to assess the effects of having awareness and satisfaction of goals on the functional status of individuals with hemiparetic stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Eighty-one people who had been diagnosed with stroke participated in this study. The study was conducted through a face-to-face surveys to identify participants' awareness and satisfaction of goals and standard assessment tools were used to evaluate patients' functional status. This study measured functional status through three clinical measures including the manual function test (MFT), Berg Balance scale (BBS), and modified Barthel index (MBI). Results: In participants with hemiparetic stroke, the MBI, BBS, and MFT scores were significantly higher in the participants who were aware of the therapeutic goal than in those who were unaware (p<0.05). The MBI, BBS, and MFT scores were not significant between the participants who were satisfied with the goal and those who were unsatisfied. Conclusions: This study suggests that having awareness in therapeutic goal-setting could lead to improvement of functional status in those with hemiparetic stroke. This study highlights how goal-setting can have a positive effect on persons with hemiparetic stroke.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.645-652
• /
• 2016

Objectives: To compare the effects of Eastern-Western integrative medical care (EWIM) and Western single rehabilitation therapy (WSRT) on the functional recovery of stroke patients.Methods: Seventy-six stroke patients were recruited retrospectively. The participants were divided into two groups: EWIM and WSRT. Data on age, sex, stroke-related risk factors, stroke type, neurological deficits according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), elapsed time to the initiation of rehabilitation, duration from the onset to follow up, initial functional status, and function after therapy for 3 mon were obtained from a review of the patients’ medical records. Between-group differences in functional outcomes were analyzed before and after treatment using the functional ambulation category (FAC), Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), modified Barthel Index-Korean version (K-MBI), and Euro-Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D).Results: At 3-mon poststroke, all the functional outcome measures had improved in both groups (P<0.05). However, the improvements were greater in the EWIM group, and the improvement was statistically significant in the K-MBI (P=0.048) and EQ-5D (P=0.042).Conclusions: With respect to activities of daily living and health-related quality of life, EWIM is a more effective stroke therapy than WSRT.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.86-93
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of task-oriented arm training for chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. The experimental design in this study was the pre-test and post-test with control group for 4-week intervention. Thirty patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke were recruited from 2 rehabilitation units. The subjects were divided randomly into experimental and control groups. The experimental group conducted task-oriented approach, involving 3 subparts of upper extremity activities, and the control group involved in the general upper extremity exercises. Functional movements of the upper extremities were assessed using clinical measures, including the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity Section, Box and Block Test, and Action Research Arm Test. The score of Fugl-Meyer Assessment showed greater increases in the experimental group than in the control group after training. The improvement in Box and Block Test between pre-test and post-test measurements was significantly greater after task-oriented arm training compared to general upper extremity exercises. Action Research Arm Test scores also improved after task-oriented arm training compared to exercises in the control group. The task-oriented arm training improves the gross and fine motor activities and encouraging the use of the paretic arm through activity dependent intervention expedites the recovery of functional activities in the upper extremities for chronic hemiparetic stroke.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.3799-3803
• /
• 2015

Background: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Breast (FACT-B) scale is widely used to measure health-related quality of life in cancer patients. The aim of the present study is to validate the FACT-B in a sample of Iranian women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 300 women selected through non-random convenient sampling procedure from oncology hospitals and clinics in Kermanshah and Shiraz cities. They were asked to fill in the Persian versions of the FACT-B scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life EORTC QLQ30. Confirmatory factorial analysis of the methods, concurrent validity and discriminant, and Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency were applied. Results: Internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha was 0.63 to 0.93 for the subscales and 0.92 for the total scale. Significant correlations between FACT-B and other measures indicate that this scale had concurrent and discriminant validity. The values of fit indices were satisfactory. Conclusions: The Persian version of the FACT-B scale is valid and reliable and, therefore, the scale can be used in research and clinical settings to assess health-related quality of life in Iranian patients with breast cancer.