• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.124-135
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• 2012

목적: 본 연구에서는 숙달된 택시운전기사들을 대상으로 내비게이션 시스템을 이용하여 운전하는 한국인 대조군에 비교하여 해마의 부피와 모양 그리고 기능적 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 총 8명의 대상군(4명의 숙달된 택시운전기사들과 4명의 같은 나이대 일반인 대조군)에 대해 삼차원 T1강조영상과 혈류산소 수준에 따른 기능성 자기공명영상을 촬영하였다. 해마의 용적과 모양, 기능성 자기공명영상 자료를 분석하여 두 군간에 신경 활성도 차이를 비교하였다. 결과: 해마의 용적은 두 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p > 0.05). 해마의 모양을 보면, 택시운전기사군의 왼쪽 해마가 대조군에 비해 전체 길이가 약간 길고 머리와 꼬리부분이 약간 더 컸다(p < 0.05, uncorrected). 기능성 자기공명영상에서는 택시운전기사군에서 대조군에 비해 방추상회가 특히 활성화되어 있었다. 결론: 택시운전기사군의 해마가 보이는 이러한 구조적, 기능적 변화는 그들의 직업과 관련하여 공간적 탐색능력을 지속적으로 사용하면서 해마와 관련 뇌영역이 기능적으로 분화했음을 나타내는 소견으로 추측할 수 있겠다.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.15-30
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 뇌 영상 기술을 활용한 정서 연구를 근거로 기본정서 이론을 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해 기능적 자기공명영상(functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) 연구들에 대한 메타분석을 수행했다. 기본정서 이론을 확인하기 위해 즐거움, 행복, 공포, 분노, 혐오, 슬픔의 6개 개별정서를 선정했다. 개별정서의 fMRI 자료를 수집하기 위해 최근 10년간 289편의 fMRI 연구를 조사했으며, 이중에서 69편이 포함 기준을 충족시켰다. 6개 정서에 대해서 건강한 피험자들을 대상으로 실험한 fMRI 자료를 수집했으며, Talairach 또는 MNI 표준 좌표로 보고된 연구만을 포함시켰다. Talairach와 MNI 좌표 체계간의 차이를 없애기 위해 Talairach 좌표를 기준으로 분석하였다. 활성화 가능성 추정(ALE) 기법을 이용한 GingerALE 2.3 프로그램을 사용하여 메타분석을 수행했다. 연구 결과 기본정서 이론의 관점에서 개별정서들이 일관되고 구별 가능한 국부적인 뇌 반응과 관련 된다는 것을 확인했다. 각각의 개별 정서들과 관련된 뇌 반응 영역에 대한 본 연구의 결과는 선행연구들의 결과와 대체로 일치하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 일반화에 있어서 극복해야 할 제한점을 기술하고 후속 연구에 대해 몇 가지를 제언하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.571-584
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• 2004

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the most advanced imaging techniques in clinical and research medicine. However, clinical application of MRI to the lung or thorax has been limited due to various drawbacks. Low signal intensity of the lung and cardiac and respiratory movements are the most serious problems with MRI in thorax. Nevertheless, MRI is superior to CT in some selected patients with thoracic diseases. The role of clinical MRI in thoracic disease has been widened with improvement of MR equipments and development of new pulse sequences. Otherwise, functional assessment of lung by MRI has been studied for the last decade. These include perfusion MRI with or without contrast enhancement and ventilation MRI with oxygen-enhancement or hyperpolarized noble gas, $^3He$ and $^{129}Xe$.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2006년도 제33회 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.149-149
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• 2006

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2003

문자와 그림을 인식하는데 있어 인식패턴의 반구차이는 인지심리학적으로 널리 연구되어왔고 또 증명되어졌다. 일반적으로 그림을 인식하는 있어서는 우반구 우세를 문자를 인식하는 있어는 좌반구 우세를 이야기하는데 본 논문에서는 그 사실을 바탕으로 fMRI 연구를 진행하였다. 동양문화권에서 문자로 사용되고 있는 한자 역시 그림으로 인식한다는 견해가 있다는 것이다. 한자의 인지가 좌반구 또는 우반구 우세라는 엇갈린 견해들이 있다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 한자와 그림의 인식패턴에 대한 반구차이 및 활성화되는 두뇌의 영역을 규명하기 위해 비교 실험하였다. 자극으로 사용되어진 그림은 한자와 동일한 의미를 가진 단순화된 것이다. 실험 디자인은 일반적으로 사용되는 블록디자인을 사용하였고 SPM을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결론으로 한자와 그림 인식패턴 모두 반구우세성을 이야길 할 경우 시각영역인 후두엽 및 측두엽 부분에서는 우반구 우세가 보이지만 일반적으로 반구우세성을 이야기하기는 무리가 있는 것 같다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.377-386
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• 2014

Objective: In this study, we used resting-state fMRI data to map differences in functional connectivity between a comprehensive set of 8 distinct cortical and subcortical brain regions in healthy controls and Internet addicts. We also investigated the relationship between resting state connectivity strength and the level of psychopathology (ex. score of internet addiction scale and score of Barratt impulsiveness scale). Background: There is a lot of evidence of relationship between Internet addiction and impaired inhibitory control. Clinical evidence suggests that Internet addicts have a high level of impulsivity as measured by behavioral task of response inhibition and a self report questionnaire. Method: 15 Internet addicts and 15 demographically similar non-addicts participated in the current resting-state fMRI experiment. For the connectivity analysis, regions of interests (ROIs) were defined based on the previous studies of addictions. Functional connectivity assessment for each subject was obtained by correlating time-series across the ROIs, resulting in $8{\times}8$ matrixs for each subject. Within-group, functional connectivity patterns were observed by entering the z maps of the ROIs of each subject into second-level one sample t test. Two sample t test was also performed to examine between group differences. Results: Between group, the analysis revealed that the connectivity in between the orbito frontal cortex and inferior parietal cortex, between orbito frontal cortex and putamen, between the orbito frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex, between the insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and between amydgala and insula was significantly stronger in control group than in the Internet addicts, while the connectivity in between the orbito frontal cortex and insula showed stronger negative correlation in the Internet addicts relative to control group (p < 0.001, uncorrected). No significant relationship between functional connectivity strength and current degree of Internet addiction and degree of impulsitivy was seen. Conclusion: This study found that Internet addicts had declined connectivity strength in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and other regions (e.g., ACC, IPC, and insula) during resting-state. It may reflect deficits in the OFC function to process information from different area in the corticostriatal reward network. Application: The results might help to develop theoretical modeling of Internet addiction for Internet addiction discrimination.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2008

Functional neuroimaging, especially positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is the main tool that allows the unveiling of the neurovascular events during a migraine attack. In migraine with aura, functional neuroimaging has contributed greatly to the understanding of the fundamental pathophysiology of the visual aura, whereas in migraine without aura, the PET findings of brainstem activation suggest a pivotal role of brainstem in the generation of migraine headache. In addition, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method has provided an insight into the morphometric changes of the brain, which might be considered as a consequence of repeated migraine attacks. In this article, I will briefly discuss the main neuroimaging findings pertaining to the pathophysiology of migraine.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2003년도 제27회 추계학술대회
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• pp.75-75
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• 2003

Purpose: To investigate whether or not acupuncture of GB34 produces a significant response of the modulation of somatomotor areas by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. Methods: The acupoint, GB34, located in the back of the knee, is known to be effective in recovering motor function after stroke. Using 3T MRI scanner, functional MR imaging of the whole brain was performed in 12 normal healthy subjects during two stimulation paradigms; acupuncture manipulation on GB 34 and sham points. This study investigates the activation of the motor cortex elicited by a soft and an intensified stimulation of GB 34. Three different paradigms were carried out to detect any possible modulation of the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) response in the somatomortor area to motor stimulation through acupuncture. Results: Group analysis from seven individuals showed that bilateral sensorimotor areas (BA 3,4,6 and 7) showed stimulation related BOLD signal contrast of approximately 6% whereas very few areas were activated when sham stimulation is given. Conclusions: The present study shows that acupuncture fMRI study can be safely conducted in 3T MRI environment, and acupuncture stimulation in GB34 modulates the cortical activities of the soma- to motor area in human. The present findings may shed light on the CNS mechanism of motor function by acupuncture and form a basis for future investigations of motor modulation circuits in the stroke patients. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by a grant of the Mid and Long Term Nuclear RID Plan Program, Ministry of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2023

Objective : We aimed to analyze the effectiveness of external neurolysis on the common peroneal nerve (CPN) in patients with posture-induced compressive peroneal neuropathy (PICPNe). Further, we aimed to examine the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the severity of denervation status and predicting the postoperative prognosis. Methods : We included 13 patients (eight males and five females) with foot drop who underwent CPN decompression between 2018 and 2020. We designed a grading system for assessing the postoperative functional outcome. Additionally, we performed MRI to evaluate the denervation status of the affected musculature and its effect on postoperative recovery. Results : The median time to surgery was 3 months. The median preoperative ankle dorsiflexion and eversion grades were both 3, while the average functional grade was 1. Posterior crural intermuscular septum was the most common cause of nerve compression, followed by deep tendinous fascia and anterior crural intermuscular septum. There was a significant postoperative improvement in the median postoperative ankle dorsiflexion and eversion grades and average postoperative functional (4, 5, and 2.38, respectively). Preoperative ankle eversion was significantly correlated with denervation status. Additionally, the devernation status on MRI was positively correlated with the outcome favorability. However, denervation atrophy led to a less favorable outcome. Conclusion : Among patients with intractable PICPNe despite conservative management, surgical intervention could clinically improve motor function and functional ability. Additionally, MRI examination of the affected muscle could help diagnose CPNe and assess the postoperative prognosis.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(5)
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• pp.203-206
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• 2001

The fMRI which can express the function of brain as MR image is now being studied. The study on the functional image has usually been performed with the MRI in 4 tesla class in goneral, but if gradient echo imaging method could be used, it might make the most of what it has with the MRI in 1.5 tesla class. However, the lack of adequate image post-processing software prevents it from being used as widely as it could be. For the image post-processing algorithm of the functional image, subtraction method and several statistical methods are used with continuous introduction of new method recently. In this paper, we suggest adaptation of wavelet algorithm for obtaining a more reliable brain function map.