• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.14-35
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• 2024

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most unique joints in the human body that orchestrates complex movements across different orthogonal planes and multiple axes of rotation. Comprising the articular eminence of the temporal bone and the condylar process of the mandible, the TMJ integrates five major ligaments, retrodiscal tissues, nerves, and blood and lymph systems to facilitate its function. Cooperation between the contralateral TMJ and masticatory muscles is essential for coordinated serial dynamic functions. During mouth opening, the TMJ exhibits a hinge movement, followed by gliding. The health of the masticatory system, which is intricately linked to chewing, energy intake, and communication, has become increasingly crucial with advancing age, exerting an impact on oral and systemic health and overall quality of life. For individuals to lead a healthy and pain-free life, a comprehensive understanding of the basic anatomy and functional aspects of the TMJ and masticatory muscles is imperative. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) encompass a spectrum of diseases and disorders associated with changes in the structure, function, or physiology of the TMJ and masticatory system. Functional and pathological alterations in the TMJ and masticatory muscles can be visualized using various imaging modalities, such as cone-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scans. An exploration of potential pathophysiological mechanisms related to the TMJ anatomy contributes to a comprehensive understanding of TMD and informs targeted treatment strategies. Hence, this narrative review presents insights into the fundamental functional anatomy of the TMJ and pathological changes that evolve with TMD progression.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2024

Masseter are commonly botulinum neurotoxin targeted muscle for facial contouring in aesthetic field. However, paradoxical masseteric bulging is common adverse effect that has not been discussed with ultrasonographic observations. Retrospective study has been conducted from October, 2021 to January, 2023, out of 324 patients have done blinded botulinum neurotoxin injection in the masseter at the middle and lower portion of the masseter with each side of 25 units (letibotulinum neurotoxin type A), 3 patients demonstrated paradoxical masseteric bulging has been reported and the image observed by ultrasonography by physician. Based on the observations made, we can infer that the function of the moving muscle involves twisting of the muscle fibers during contraction, along with the twisting of the deep inferior tendon, which causes the muscle to be divided into anterior and posterior compartments rather than into superficial and deep compartments of masseter. In ultrasonographic observe the skin surface of a patient with paradoxical masseteric bulging, it is observable that either the anterior or posterior part contracts significantly. The functional units of anterior and posterior compartment are observable as muscular contraction of inward movement of the muscle from either the anterior or posterior functional unit.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.59-75
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• 2021

The fornix is the major white-matter outflow tract from the hippocampus; it has a significant role in cognitive function. It is readily imaged via magnetic resonance imaging; its main parts are the crura, commissure, body, and columns. In this pictorial essay, we describe and illustrate the functional and imaging anatomy of the fornix and limbic system, as well as various disease entities involving the fornix.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2006

This study about functional anatomy of the hand. hand injuries are among the most common problems confronting patient, physical therapist and physicians. physical therapist should know about normal hand function and anatomical structure for hand injury, clinical reasoning and intervention. physical therapist should know about the Skeletal of the hand, Function of The Hand, Nerves of the hand, Sensation of the Hand, Intrinsic muscle, Power and Balance and Functional Position of the Hand. In this article, we discuss the physiologic properties of hand structure, biomechanical observation in hand function, sensation and nerves, hand positioning.

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.93-97
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.4-14
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• 1998

As with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) reconstruction requires a good understanding of the anatomy and biomechanical properties of the PCL to place the graft correctly as well as to choose the appropriate structure and material for the graft. The anatomy and function of the PCL can be somewhat confusing and continuing to evolve so far. Recent studies have focused on the insertion site anatomy and the identification of the functional components of the ligament. The issue of the ligament isometry and the role of PCL in knee kinematics are still totally resolved. This article can be provided an update on current concepts of the anatomy and biomechanics of the PCL through literature reviews. A clear understanding of these knowledges enables the clinicians to diagnose injuries to the PCL accurately and to reconstruct these structures successfully.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

The anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) is, perhaps, the most intriguing component of the knee joint. Initially referred to crucial ligament because of the cruciate or crossed arrangement or the anterior and posterior ligaments within the knee. the irony or the ACL being crucial to the well-being or the joint has only recently appreciated. The anterior cruciate ligament of human knee joint is a complex structure and its orientation, construct and biology arc directly related to the knee function as a constraint of knee joint motion. In addition to its functional role as a static stabilizer or the knee. the ACL has a unique neurovascular system. The vascular anatomy of the ACL plays a crucial role in the repair and reconstruction of the ligament, and the neuroreceptors found in its substance suggest a possible proprioceptive role for the ligament. The structural complexity of the ACL allows the ligament to function through the normal range of motion as a static stabilizer or the knee. hut it also makes the exact duplication of this structure very difficult. A comprehensive knowledge or the anatomy of the ACL can provide the orthopedic surgeon with a blueprint for the idealized repair and reconstruction of this most complex structure.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.40-46
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• 2005

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.3-16
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• 2004

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005