• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.341-348
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to distinguish children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from the norm group by identifying their Intelligence with Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (K-WISC-IV) profile analysis. The article were administered to 90 children with high-functioning ASD (6-16) years and has surveyed the average of the Full scale IQ, index scores, and subtest scores of K-WISC-IV. Also, this study has conducted a single-subject T-test in order to verify whether Full scale IQ, index scores, subtest scores are different from those of the norm group. The results show that children with high-functioning ASD achieved significantly lower scores on Processing Speed Index, compared to the norm group. Furthermore, their scores in Comprehension, Picture Concept, Picture completion, Coding, and Symbol Search were significantly lower than those of the norm group. It is likely that what have turned out to be the cognitive weaknesses of high-functioning ASD children by K-WISC-IV analysis, including slow process speed, low social judgement, and difficulty in visual stimuli in everyday life are interrelated to their unique characters.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.50-65
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to analyze researches about sex education for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities in order to provide a basic data and a direction about sex education. Methods : For the systemic review, domestic and international research articles published from August 2008 to September 2018 were searched using the electronic databases PubMed, EBSCO host (CINAHL Plus with full text), Medline (ProQuest), RISS, and KISS. Keyword used for the search was 'Disability Disorder OR Autism (AND) AND (Effect OR Effectiveness)' for international papers and 'Disability AND Sex Education' for domestic papers. Total 15 articles were collected and analyzed in terms of participant, duration, type, contents, and teaching methods with PICO format. Results : In terms of level of evidence, majority was Level III evidence(60%). Most common contents of sex education were 'physical and growth' and 'relational skills'. Special education and occupational therapy were the field that sex education is provided most frequently. Effects of sex education identified were 'sex knowledge', 'sex attitudes', and 'inappropriate sexual behavior'. Conclusion : This study intend aimed to identify content, trends, and effects of sex education for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities in order to provide a basic data for clinical trial of sex education in occupational therapy practice. This study recommend further researches on the effects of sex education on occupational participation, occupational therapists' awareness of sexual activity of clients, and development of related measurement such as sexual development scale.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.68-76
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• 2021

Storage racks have suffered huge losses due to earthquakes, but related research and regulations are relatively insufficient non-structural elements compared to the structural elements. In this study, we tried to experimentally analyze the behavioral characteristics of storage racks due to external force according to the fixing conditions of the column-foundations connection of storage racks. In general, the column-foundations connection of storage racks is installed according to the user's convenience without installation standards and regulations. For this reason, this study conducted a behavior analysis test on four full-scale storage racks with the condition of column-foundations connection of four typical storage racks. The behavior characteristics analysis test was performed by two-direction of the shake table with El-Centro seismic wave. To confirm the behavior characteristics according to the magnitude of the seismic load, 50% ~ 150% of the seismic waves were increased by 50% for each test. In addition, a resonance search test was conducted to confirm the natural frequency of each storage racks foundations fixing condition. Among the data obtained through the test, the displacement of the top layer and the permanent displacement after the test were compared for each condition to analyze the behavior characteristics of the column-foundations fixed conditions of the storage racks. As a result, the change of natural frequency was small in storage racks due to the change of the conditions of the foundations, and the behavior characteristics were changed due to the difference of the restoring force due to the change of the storage racks foundations condition rather than the influence of the natural frequency of the input load.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2003

We, for the first time, reported molecular sequences of large subunit ribosomal DNA Dl-D3 region of A. hiranoi, A. leei and A. satoanum hitherto unreported. In addition, this study presented the full-length sequences of A. affine, A. fraterculus, A. catenella and A. tamarense occurring in Korean coastal waters. In total, 17 Alexandrium morphospecies were subjected to the phylogenetic analysis using the Maximum-likelihood (ML) method. The alignment result of sequences of A. hiranoi and A. pseudogonyaulax showed that there were only two substitutions without length heterogeneity implying their genetic affiliation. In ML tree, A. leei formed a deeply diverging branch probably because of the accelerated evolutionary rate, and its phylogenetic position was so ambiguous to resolve the phylogenetic relationship to the residual taxa. An A. satoanum culture showing morphological variation in the sulcal plate formed an independent divergent branch with consistent sister relationship to A. hiranoi/A. pseudogonyaulax clade supported by the high posterior probability (PP) value. Blast search in GenBank showed the sequence data of A. affine, A. fraterculus, A. catenella and A. tamarense corresponded to their morphological species designation. In ML tree, Alexandrium species were commonly split into four main clades. The inter-clade relationships were not clear and usually supported by the week PP values. In general, the sulcal plate of Alexandrium species seemed to reflect the true phylogeny at the main clade level, and the connection between the 1 and the apical pore complex seemed to reflect the phylogeny at the subclade level.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2011

In this study, we report the generation and analysis of a total of 1,211 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from Pinus koraiensis. A cDNA library was generated from the young leaf tissue and a total of 1,211 cDNA were partially sequenced. EST and unigene sequence quality were determined by computational filtering, manual review, and BLAST analyses. In all, 857 ESTs were acquired after the removal of the vector sequence and filtering over a minimum length 50 nucleotides. A total of 411 unigene, consisting of 89 contigs and 322 singletons, was identified after assembling. Also, we identified 77 new microsatellite-containing sequences from the unigenes and classified the structure according to their repeat unit. According to homology search with BLASTX against the NCBI database, 63.1% of ESTs were homologous with known function and 22.2% of ESTs were matched with putative or unknown function. The remaining 14.6% of ESTs showed no significant similarity to any protein sequences found in the public database. Gene ontology (GO) classification showed that the most abundant GO terms were transport, nucleotide binding, plastid, in terms biological process, molecular function and cellular component, respectively. The sequence data will be used to characterize potential roles of new genes in Pinus and provided for the useful tools as a genetic resource.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.448-464
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• 2012

Objectives : This study reviews the latest articles in Korea and other countries that studied oriental medicine treatment on poststroke depression. Methods : Korean articles were retrieved from the 9 major Korean web article search engines. Foreign articles were retrieved from PubMed. Article published date was from 2000 up to September 2012. There were no restrictions on the types of publication, but articles not available in full text were excluded. The methodological quality was assessed according to Cochrane's assessment of risk of bias and Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Results : Twenty-two articles were included in this study. Eleven articles were published in Korea, the rest were published in China. Nine articles were randomized controlled trials (RCT), one article was a non-randomized study (NRS), four articles were case reports, three articles were cross-sectional studies, two articles were comparative studies. In RCT articles, risk of selection bias and performance bias were generally high, risk of detection bias was unclear. The NRS article took four stars in Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment. Comparison Hamilton rating scale for depression score between oriental medicine treated group and western medicine treated group revealed that there was no remarkable difference in mean score changes after treatment on PSD. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that oriental medicine treatment is as effective as western medicine treatment for PSD. In the future, more rigorous oriental medicine treatment studies should be conducted.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2016

Brassicaceae consists of important species that have significant amounts of metabolites, and many studies have been carried out in order to understand the mechanism that improves the content of these metabolites. In Brassicacea, Cardamine manshurica Nakai is one of the important edible plants and is rich in oil, fiber, and various nutrients. In this study, we constructed cDNA library using leaves from 4 week-old plants and analyzed the ESTs of C. manshurica Nakai. One thousand thirty-nine ESTs were discovered which assembled to form 468 unigenes. The latter contained 116 contigs and 352 singletons. Similarity search of these ESTs with BLASTX revealed similarities with Arabidopsis thaliana 285 (31.9%), Arabidopsis lyrata 172 (19.3%), Capsella rubella 162 (18.1%), and Eutrema salsugineum 137 (15.3%). ESTs were functionally categorized into molecular function, biological process, and cellular component, and each category took 10.6%, 58.5%, and 30.9%, respectively. The functional analysis also found that 94.9% of ESTs showed at least one GO ID. Microsatellite analysis of 468 unigene sequences revealed 225 structures of which Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Penta-repeats were 35.6% (80/225), 63.1% (142/225), 0.9% (2/225), and 0.4% (1/225), respectively. The results from our study can be a valuable resource for Cardamine research.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.23-32
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• 2007

The H.264/AVC video coding standard uses rate distortion optimization (RDO) method to improve the compression performance in the intra prediction. The complexity and computational load are increased more than previous standard by using this method, even though this standard selects the best coding mode for the current macroblock. This paper proposes a fast intra mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC encoder based on dominant edge direction (DED). To apply the idea, this algorithm uses the approximation of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficient. By detecting the DED, 3 modes instead of 9 modes are chosen for RDO calculation to decide the best mode in the $4{\times}4$ luma block. As for the $16{\times}16$ luma and $8{\times}8$ chroma block, instead of 4 modes, only 2 modes are searched. Experimental results show that the computation time of the proposed algorithm is decreased to about 72% of the full search method with negligible quality loss.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2010

After the launch of MPEG-2, it is widely used in multimedia applications like a Digital-TV or a DVD. Then, After the launch of H.264 at 2004, it has been expected to replace MPEG-2 and services IPTV and DMB. As we have been used to MPEG-2 devices by this time, we can not access H.264 Broadcast with MPEG-2 device. So We propose a new approach to transcode H.264 video into MPEG-2 form which can facilitate to display H.264 video with MPEG-2 device. To reduce the quality loss by transcoding, we use CPDT(Cascaded Pixel Domain Transcoder) structure. And to minimize processing time, SKIP block, INTRA block and motion vectors obtain from decoding process is employed for transcoding. we use BMA(Boundary Matching Algorithm) to select only one from candidate motion vectors. Experimental results show a considerable improved PSNR with reduction in processing time compared with existing methods.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2010

Genes that are expressed early in specific response to high salinity conditions were isolated from rapeseed plant (Brassica napus L.) using an mRNA differential display method. Five PCR fragments (DD1.5) were isolated that were induced by, but showed different response kinetics to, 200 mM NaCl. Nucleotide sequence analysis and homology search revealed that the deduced amino sequences of three of the five cDNA fragments showed considerable similarity to those of ${\beta}$-mannosidase (DD1), tomato Pti-6 proteins (DD5), and the tobacco harpin-induced protein hin1 (DD4), respectively. In contrast, the remaining clones, DD3 and DD2, did not correspond to any substantial existing annotation. Using the DD3 fragment as a probe, we isolated a full-length cDNA clone from the cDNA library, which we termed BnSWD1 (Brassica napus salt responsive WD40 1). The predicted amino-acid sequence of BnSWD1 contains eight WD40 repeats and is conserved in all eukaryotes. Notably, the BnSWD1 gene is expressed at high levels under salt-stress conditions. Furthermore, we found that BnSWD1 was upregulated after treatment with abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate. Our study suggests that BnSWD1, which is a novel WD40 repeat-containing protein, has a function in salt-stress responses in plants, possibly via abscisic acid-dependent and/or -independent signaling pathways.