• 에너지공학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2003

본 논문은 Indolene-Methanol Plus Higher Alcohols(MPHA)의 연료 특성에 관한 연구로서, 연료의 물성치를 측정하여 조사하였다. 특히 연료의 물성치 중에서 증류특성, 발열량, 인화점, 비중 및 내수성 등을 조사하여 나타내었다. 이때 알콜의 농도는 청정 Indolene의 용적에 따라서 0 에서부터 100%까지 변화하였다. 연료 물성치 측정에서 Indolene-MPHA 혼합물들이 일반적으로 Indolent-Methanol 혼합물과 비교해서 높은 내수성, 유사한 비중과 인화점, 서로 다른 증류특성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 여기에서 혼합물 물성치 중 상당수는 실제 값과 비교하여 성분들의 중량비를 사용하여 계산하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.712-720
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• 2016

When bioethanol and water are mixed at a proper ratio, phase separation can occur because of the immiscibility of biobutanol with water. Phase separation in bioethanol blends fuels is a major problem for gasoline vehicle users due to effect of octane number and component corrosion. Thus, in this study, the phase separation of bioethanol was examined effect of bioethanol blends (E3 (3 vo.% bioethanol in gasoline), E5 and E10) in presence of water. The effect were evaluated behavior with phase separation test, simulation test of fuel tank in gas station according to water addition volume and it was investigated change of water content, bioethanol content and octane number for gasoline phase in bioethanol blends (E3, E5 and E10) every 1 week after water addition. The E3 occurred phase separation more easily than the E5 and E10 in small water contents because solubility of water on ethanol content difference in gasoline-ethanol. It was kept a initial level of water content, bioethanol content, and octane number by repeated sample replacing in simulation test of fuel tank.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2012

Paraffin bio-based hydrotreated biodiesel(HBD) is originated from vegetable oil(the process can also be applied to animal fat) with the the chemical structure $C_nH_{2n+2}$. In the number of process of the oil or fat, the hydrogenation is significantly important to create a bio-based diesel fuel. This study is focused on lubricity characteristics of BTL diesel blends to use alternative diesel fuel in Korea. The BTL diesel are blended the different volume ratios (HBD 5(5 vol.% HBD - 95 vol.% diesel), HBD 10, HBD 20, HBD 30, HBD 40 and HBD 50. HBD with paraffin compounds showed a very high centane number, low sulfur content and free aromatic compound. Especially, the wear scar of HBD showed poor lubricity compared to automotive diesel due to the fuel composition, low sulfur content and free aromatic compound. Also, the lubricity specification of automotive diesel with different six HBD blends is within the limit by the Korean standards. Finally, HBD as an alternative diesel fuel is challengeable in transportation sector of Korea.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.242-249
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• 2018

The use of palm oil and diesel blended with ethanol, known as a microemulsion biofuel, is gaining attention as an attractive renewable fuel for engines that may serve as a replacement for fossil-based fuels. The microemulsion biofuels can be formulated from the mixture of palm oil and diesel as the oil phase; ethanol as the polar phase; methyl oleate as the surfactant; alkanols as the cosurfactants. This study investigates the influence of the three cosurfactants on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions in a direct-injection (DI) diesel engine. The microemulsion biofuels along with neat diesel fuel, palm oil-diesel blends, and biodiesel-diesel blends were tested in a DI diesel engine at two engine loads without engine modification. The formulated microemulsion biofuels increased fuel consumption and gradually reduced the nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$) emissions and exhaust gas temperature; however, there was no significant difference in their carbon monoxide (CO) emissions when compared to those of diesel. Varying the carbon chain length of the cosurfactant demonstrated that the octanol-microemulsion fuel emitted lower CO and $NO_x$ emissions than the butanol- and decanol-microemulsion fuels. Thus, the microemulsion biofuels demonstrated competitive advantages as potential fuels for diesel engines because they reduced exhaust emissions.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2010

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the emission characteristics for various alternative fuels in a 2.0 liter 4-cylinder turbo-charged diesel engine. The conventional diesel fuel, neat GTL (Gas to Liquid), blends of diesel and biodiesel(BD20), and blends of GTL and biodiesel(G+BD20 and G+BD40) were applied, and their emission characteristics were compared at various steady-state engine operating conditions. A noticeable reduction of exhaust emissions compared to conventional diesel fuel, except for NOx emission, was observed for G+BD40, where there is a maximum 30% averaged reduction for gaseous emissions (THC and CO) and 70% for PM mass concentrations. When comparing PM size distributions for biodiesel blended fuels, the PM number concentration in accumulation mode, where the diameter of PM is greater than 50 nm, decreased due to additional oxygen content in the biodiesel fuel; in nucleation mode, where the diameter of PM is less than 50nm, there was a slight increase or decrease in the PM number concentration depending on the amount of oxygen available in the combustion chamber.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2009

Recently, we have a lot interest in a sudden rise of oil prices and a change weather for the earth warmming, so, development of new alternative fuels need in order to spare fossil fuel and reduce exhaust emissions for air pollution prevention. Biodiesel, which can be generated from natural renewable sources such as new or used vegetable oils or animal fats, may be used as fuel in diesel engine of compression ignition engine. In this paper, the combustion characteristics between neat diesel oil and biodiesel blends(10 vol.% biodiesel and 20 vol.% biodiesel) were tested using four stroke, direct injection diesel engine, especially this biodiesel was produced from soybean oil at our laboratory. This analysis showed that cylinder pressures, the rate of pressure rises and the rate of heat releases were decreased as the blending ratios of biodiesel to diesel oil increased because of lower heating value of biodiesel in spite of increased oxygen content in biodiesel.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2009

Non-edible vegetable oils instead of edible vegetable oils as a substitute for diesel fuel are getting a renewed attention because of global reduction of green house gases and concerns for long-term food and energy security. Out of various non-edible vegetable oils, karanja, mahua, linseed, rubber seed and cotton seed oils are selected in this study. A brief review of recent works related to the application of the above five vegetable oils and its derivatives in CI engines is presented. The production technologies of biodiesel based on non-edible vegetable oils are introduced. Problems in vegetable oil or biodiesel fuelled CI engine are included. In addition, future works related to spray characteristics of non-edible vegetable oil or biodiesel from it are discussed. The biodiesel fuel, irrespective of the feedstock used, results in a decrease in the emission of hydrocardon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) and sulphur dioxide ($SO_2$). It is also said to be carbon neutral as it contributes no net carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Only oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are reported to increase which is due to oxygen content in the biodiesel fuel. The systematic assessment of spray char-acteristics of neat vegetable oils and its blends, neat biodiesel and its blends f3r use as diesel engine fuels is required.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.767-772
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• 2023

In this study, combustion experiments were conducted at various engine speeds under full-load conditions using a single-cylinder diesel engine by blending butanol, pentanol, and octanol with diesel at a volume ratio of 10%. Experimental results revealed that higher alcohol-diesel blends resulted in lower brake torque and brake power than pure diesel due to the lower calorific value and the cooling effect during evaporation. An evident improvement in the brake thermal efficiency of the blended fuels was observed at engine speeds below 2,000 rpm, with the butanol blend exhibiting the highest thermal efficiency overall. Furthermore, the brake-specific fuel consumption of the higher alcohol-diesel blends was lower than that of pure diesel at speeds below 2,200 rpm. When using blended fuels, the exhaust gas temperature decreased under lean mixture conditions due to heat loss to the air and the cooling effect from fuel evaporation.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2012

Finding an alternative fuel and reducing environmental pollution are the main goals for future internal combustion engines. The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched LPG fuel in constant volume chamber. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for the combustion and emission characteristics of pre-mixed hydrogen and LPG in a constant volume chamber (CVC) with various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. To maintain equal heating value of fuel blend, the amount of LPG was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. Exhaust emissions were measured using a HORIBA exhaust gas analyzer for various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. The results showed that the rapid combustion duration was shortened, and the rate of heat release elevated as the hydrogen fraction in the fuel blend was increased. Moreover, the maximum rate of pressure rise also increased. These phenomena were attributed to the burning velocity which increased exponentially with the increased hydrogen fraction in the $H_2$-LPG fuel blend. Exhaust HC and $CO_2$ concentrations decreased, while NOX emission increased with an increase in the hydrogen fraction in the fuel blend. Our results could facilitate the application of hydrogen and LPG as a fuel in the current fossil hydrocarbon-based economy and the strict emission regulations in internal combustion engines.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2008

산유국으로부터 에너지 독립을 하고 대기오염방지를 위한 배기배출물을 저감시키기 위하여 대체연료에 많은 관심을 가지고 있다. 폐유나 새로운 식물성 기름과 동물성 기름으로부터 생성할 수 있는 바이오디젤유가 압축점화기관인 디젤기관에 구조적인 변화없이 사용될 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 4행정 직접분사식 디젤기관을 이용하여 순수 디젤유와 바이오디젤 혼합유(바이오디젤 10% 및 20% 함유)의 연료소비율과 배기배출물에 미치는 영향을 제시했으며, 특히 실험에 사용된 바이오디젤 연료는 우리 실험실에서 유채유로부터 직접 생산되었다. 이 연구 결과 바이오디젤 혼합유가 디젤유 보다 연료소비율과 질소산화물은 약간 증가 되었고 일산화탄소와 매연은 상당히 감소되었다.