• 한국잠사곤충학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.90-95
• /
• 2003

최근 천연색소의 다양한 생리 활성이 보고됨에 따라 오디에 함유된 C3G 색소에 대해서도 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이에 오디로부터 C3G를 분리$.$정제하고 정제된 C3G와 표준물질의 분자량을 비교ㆍ동정하였다. 또한 유전자원으로 보존되고 있는 뽕 품종 및 계통에 대한 C3G 함량을 분석하여 고함유 계통을 선발하였다. 1. Amberlite IRC-50 ion exchange resin이 충진된 유리 column을 산성화시킨 후 이온교환수로 비흡착색소, 수용성 당류, 유기산 및 아미노산 등을 제거하였으며, column에 흡착된 색소를 용출 및 감압농축하여 분말상태로 정 제된 색소물질 C3G(cyanidin-3-glucoside)를 얻었다. 2. Waters 996 Photodiods Array Detector를 이용하여 정제된 C3G(cyanidin-3-glucoside)의 흡수 spectrum을 조사한 결과, 각각 516nm과 280nm에서 최대흡수 spectrum을 보임으로써 anthocyanin계 색소의 특이적 흡수 파장 영역인 500-550nm(Band I)과 280nm전후(Band II)와 일치하여 open column에 의해 분리된 색소가 anthocyanin 계열의 색소임을 확인하였다. 3. LC-Mass(Waters 2690 alliance Separation Module)를 사용하여 분자량을 확인한 결과, 449로서 C3G 표준물질의 분자량과 일치하였다. 4. 유전자원으로 보존되고 있는 뽕 품종 및 계통에 대한 C3G 함량을 분석한 결과, 공시한 35계통의 C3G 평균 함량은 0.9%였으며 계통간 함량의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 5. '수성뽕'. '강선' 및 '절곡조생(충북)'은 C3G함량은 물론 수량, 과중 및 당도에 대한 과실적 특성조사에서 양호한 성적을 나타내어 오디생산용 유망 계통으로 선발하였다.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.199-208
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 올방개 전분을 겔화제로 하고 다양한 양의 산사농축액(0 % 5 % 10 % 20 %, 30 %)을 첨가하여 산사편의 품질 특성을 조사하는데 목적이 있다. 수분함량과 pH의 경우 산사농축액의 농도가 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 산사편의 명도는 산사 농축액이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였으나, 적색도와 황색도는 증가하였다(p<0.001). 경도, 탄력성, 씹힘성, 검성, 응집성은 CW0에서 가장 높은 값을 보였고, 부착성은 CWC30에서 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 관능평가에서 산사농축액이 증가할수록 붉은 정도, 새콤한 냄새, 한약 냄새, 신맛, 단맛, 한약맛, 끈적이는 정도 그리고 후미에서 강하다고 평가되었으며, 매끄러운 정도, 단단한 정도, 탄력정도, 쫀득한 정도는 산사농축액이 증가할수록 감소한다고 나타났다. 전반적인 기호도는 산사 농축액 10%(CWC10) 첨가군이 가장 높은 평가를 받았으며 모든 첨가군에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 또한 연구를 통해 전통 과편에 쓰였던 녹두 전분을 경제적이고 쉽게 접할 수 있는 올방개 전분으로의 대체 가능성을 시사하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.602-609
• /
• 2002

Lao-chao is a traditional Chinese fermented rice product with a sweet and fruity flavor, containing high levels of glucose, a little alcohol and milk-clotting characteristics. In order to optimize commercial production of lao-chao, Rhizopus javanicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were selected as the mold and yeast starter, respectively. A commercial mixed starter (chiu-yao) was used as control. Fermentation of the experimental combination revealed a sharp drop in pH (to 4.5) on the fourth day, remaining constant thereafter. Content of reducing sugars gradually decreased throughout the entire fermentation period. Of the free amino acids, higher quantities of alanine, leucine, proline, glutamic acid, glutamine and $NH_3$ were noted. For sugars, glucose revealed the highest concentration, while organic acid levels, including those for oxalic, lactic, citric and pyroglutamic acid, increased throughout the fermentation period. Twenty-one compounds were identified by gas chromatography from aroma concentrates of the lao-chao culture filtrate, prepared using the headspace method. For the flavor components, higher quantities of ethanol, fusel oil and ester were determined in both culture filtrates. In regard to the evaluation of yogurt-like product, there were significant differences in alcoholic smell, texture and curd firmness.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.510-516
• /
• 2001

Hydroponic cultivation is a technology of raising crops without use of soil. Generally farmers use the method of DFT(deep flow technology)to grow leafy or fruity vegetables; however, systematic and scientific researches are insufficient on this matter. This study investigated the possibility of cultivating Chinese cabbage steadily year long by using the method of DFT. Chinese cabbage was cultivated hydroponically with and without Ge addition, used to prepare kimchi, and the chemical and microbiological characteristics of kimchi were compared. The basic hydroponic cultivation condition was as follows: 30 days after seeding, the raised seeds were moved to a hydroponic bed and given underground water for 3 days so the roots grow normally Standard nutrient solution was provided and the early electric conductivity concentration was maintained between 1.5∼2.5 thickness. The temperature of the solution was maintained between 10 ∼25$^{\circ}C$ to allow the growth of Chinese cabbage. When soil-cultivated, organically cultivated and hydroponically cultivated Chinese cabbages were compared, hydroponically cultivated cabbages were smaller in size and showed less ability to build up and fold leaves into a head, but showed better quality than organically cultivated cabbages. The contents of protein and fat showed no significant differences. The contents of water. Ca, P, Fe, Vitamin A and Niacin were higher in control and Ge-added cabbages compared with soil-grown cabbage. There was no difference between soil-cultivated Chinese cabbage kimchi and hydroponically cultivated Chinese cabbage kimchi.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.365-377
• /
• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the sensory quality characteristics of coffee under various processing and roasting conditions of green beans. Colombia green bean samples were obtained from three processing methods: natural, pulped-natural, and washed methods. The green beans were roasted differently according to Agtron number: light (Agrton #65), medium (Agtron #55), and dark (Agtron #45). Moisture content, density, color value, pH, and total dissolved solid contents (TDS) were measured, and quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) with 23 sensory attributes was performed for nine coffee samples. Hunter L values were significantly elevated with the degree of processing but reduced with roasting intensity. The pH values of the nine coffee samples were 5.6~6.2 and significantly increased with intensity of roasting. TDS decreased with an increase in processing and increased with roasting intensity. QDA results show that smoky aroma and nutty and chocolate flavor significantly increased while fruit and floral aroma decreased with intensity of processing. The attributes of brownness, oily surface, smoky aroma, bitter and burnt flavor, and greasy and heavy mouthfeel significantly increased while fruity and floral aroma, black tea, sour and umami flavor, pureness, and softness decreased as roasting intensity increased. Principle component analysis showed the overall significant relationships between 23 sensory attributes and nine coffee samples under different processing and roasting conditions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제21권12호
• /
• pp.1243-1249
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to examine the use of NaOCl as an alternative antimicrobial compound in winemaking because of the potential health problems that may arise as a result of the use of $SO_2$. For this, the blank (non-treated), control ($SO_2$-added), and sample (NaOCl-treated) wines were made, and microbial and chemical changes including sensory characteristics were analyzed during the fermentation periods. Treatment of grapes with NaOCl decreased the initial contaminating microbial population in grape must, resulting in higher growth of yeast and lactic acid bacteria. After 200 days of fermentation, the chemical analysis of sample wine revealed that it had higher ethanol content, redness ($a^*$), and concentrations of fruity ester compounds and lower total acidity than the control. In the sensory analyses, the sample wine obtained a higher overall acceptability score (5.70) than the control (4.26). This result reveals that NaOCl can be used as an alternative to $SO_2$ in winemaking for inhibiting the growth of contaminating microorganisms.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2011

산사편 제조에 첨가된 산사농축액은 0, 5, 10, 20, 30%로 농도를 달리하여 정량하였으며, 선행논문 분석과 예비실험을 통하여 녹두전분 9%를 겔화제로 첨가하였다. 산사편의 수분함량과 pH는 산사농축액이 증가할수록 유의적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 당도의 경우 Before/After로 모두 산사 농축액이 증가할수록 당도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 색도 중 명도는 산사농축액 0% 가장 높게 나타났으며 a, b값은 높아졌다. 산사농축액이 30% 첨가군이 가장 보였다. Texture는 산사농축액의 농도가 증가할수록 과편의 경도, 탄력성, 씹힘성, 검성, 응집성은 유의적으로 낮아졌으며, 부착성의 경우 산사농축액의 농도가 증가할수록 높은 값을 보였다. 정량적 묘사분석 결과 산사농축액이 증가할수록 정도, 과일 냄새, 새콤한 냄새, 한약냄새, 신맛, 단맛, 한약맛, 끈적이는 정도 그리고 후미에서 강하게 평가되었으며, 매끄러운 정도, 투명한 정도, 단단한 정도와 탄력있는 정도는 산사농축액이 진해질수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 기호도 검사 결과 냄새, 맛 그리고 전반적인 기호도는 산사 농축액 10% 첨가군이 가장 높은 평가를 받았으며 색과 조직감은 산사농축액 20% 첨가군에서 높은 기호도를 보였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.296-303
• /
• 2015

We investigate black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) wine made using traditional yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae A8, B6, GBY2, GBY3) and S. cerevisiae Fermivin (FM), which is widely used in wine manufacturing, and analyze the biogenic amine content and the volatile flavor compounds. Black raspberries were separately inoculated with yeast up to $1{\times}10^9CFU/kg$, followed by incubation at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. FM produced the highest alcohol content, however the final fermentation characteristics of the wine made using four different yeasts were similar. S. cerevisiae A8 had a large biogenic amine (BA) content, specifically tryptamine, thus we excluded this yeast from fermentation. S. cerevisiae GBY3 was selected for black raspberry wine fermentation as a result of sensory evaluation. The volatile flavor compounds of two wines (S. cerevisiae GBY3 and FM) were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 37 compounds in the samples were separated, and several ester compounds were identified in greater amounts in the wine made with S. cerevisiae GBY3 than in the wine made with FM. A greater amount of the major compound, ethyl benzoate, giving the sweet and fruity flavor, was identified in wine made with S. cerevisiae GBY3 than in the wine made with FM. In conclusion, S. cerevisiae GBY3 was confirmed to produce no major BAs and a better flavored wine. These results give new leads in the production of high quality wine.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.75-79
• /
• 2003

최근 뽕나무 오디는 천연색소 자원 및 기능성식품의 자원으로서 새롭게 평가받고 있다. 이에 뽕나무 계통별로 오디를 수확하여 종자의 지방산 분석을 실시함으로써 오디의 기능성 및 이용성을 높이고자 하였다. 1. 오디의 지방산 분석은 뽕나무 계통별로 종자만을 분리하여 Rafael and Mancha(1993)이 제안한 일단계 추출 및 메칠화법(one-step extraction/methylation method)으로 추출하였으며, 분석기기는 capillary GC를 이용하였다. 2. 오디종자에 함유된 주요 지방산은 palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic cid 및 linoleic acid으로서 4종이 확인되었으며, 각 지방산에 대한 공시계통의 평균 함량(%)은 8.8$\pm$3.3, 4.2$\pm$1.6, 5.8$\pm$2.3 및 81.2$\pm$6.9으로 나타났다. 3. 불포화지방산의 양은 87.0%로서 매우 높았으며, 특이적으로 '국광' 등 5계통에서는 linoleic acid만이 검출되었다. 4. 따라서 linoleic acid를 다량으로 함유하고 있어 불포화지방산의 함량이 상대적으로 높은 오디종자는 고지혈증의 혈중 콜레스테롤을 억제시키는 작용 등 생리활성작용을 기대할 수 있는 매우 유용한 자원임을 확인하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.443-463
• /
• 2024

This study investigated the impact of activated carbon, palm activated carbon, and zeolite on horse oil (HO) extracted from horse neck fat using supercritical fluid extraction with deodorant-untreated HO (CON) as a comparison. The yield and lipid oxidation of deodorant untreated HO (CON) were not significantly affected by the three deodorants. However, deodorant-treated HOs exhibited significantly elevated levels of α-linolenic acid (C18:3n3) and eicosenoic acid (C20:1n9) compared to CON (p<0.05), while other fatty acids remained consistent. Zeolite-purified HO demonstrated significantly lower levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) than other treatments (p<0.05). Remarkably, zeolite decreased the concentration of pentane, 2,3-dimethyl (gasoline odor), by over 90%, from 177.17 A.U. ×10⁶ in CON to 15.91 A.U. ×10⁶. Zeolite also effectively eliminates sec-butylamine (ammonia and fishy odor) as compared to other deodorant-treated HOs (p<0.05). Additionally, zeolite reduced VOCs associated with the fruity citrus flavor, such as nonanal, octanal, and D-limonene in HO (p<0.05). This study suggests that integrating zeolite in supercritical fluid extraction enhances HO purification by effectively eliminating undesirable VOCs, presenting a valuable approach for producing high-quality HO production in the cosmetic and functional food industries.