• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2013

Screenings of potential antioxidant activities of Crataegus pinnatifida BUNGE Major. fruits extracted 80% methanol were performed using four antioxidant assays. Significant differences were observed both in total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging assay, and reducing power assay. The total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content in the extract were measured to be $224.4{\pm}0.52$ mg GAE/100 g and $12{\pm}0.25$ mg QE/100 g, respectively. When the tested concentration was $500{\mu}g/mL$, DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities of methanolic extracts were 84.15% and 88.8%, respectively. The reducing power and nitric oxide scavenging activity were increased at the manner of dose-dependently. These results suggest that methanolic extracts of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. fruits possess excellent radical scavenging activities and may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2012

In order to facilitate the quality control of the fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida, a simple, accurate and reliable HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the three bioactive compounds: chlorogenic acid (1), rutin (2), and hyperin (3), which were selected as the chemical markers of C. pinnatifida. Separation was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column with a gradient solvent system of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous-acetonitrile at a flow-rate of 1.0 mL/min and detected at 254nm. All three calibration curves showed good linearity ($R^2$ > 0.998). The recoveries of three marker compounds were in the range of 94.87~111.52 %. The contents of chlorogenic acid (1), rutin (2), and hyperin (3) of the fruits of C. pinnatifida collected from 23 district markets in Korea, Japan, and China were 0.16~0.65 mg/g, 0.07~1.24 mg/g, and 0.03~0.62 mg/g, respectively. The results demonstrated that this method is simple and reliable for the quality control of the fruits of C. pinnatifida.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.476-482
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• 1993

For the investigation of medicinal resources in Crataegus species, the present study was carried out to evaluate the pharmaco-constituents in the leaves of Crataegus Pinnatifida var. psilosa (Rosaceae). Fruits has folk medicine in Korea. From the $Et_{2}$O fraction of MeOH extract, a new compound, apigenin-8-C-(6"-acetyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside, named psilosin and three known compounds, ursolic acid, phytosterol complex and (-)-epicatechin were isolated and identified on the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic evidences (UN, IR, NMR and mass etc.) in comparison with authentics, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.4 s.99
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• pp.328-335
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• 1994

The ether soluble fraction of the methanol extract from the fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa was applied to silica gel column chromatography, eluted step-gradiently with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol, repeatedly, and five compounds were isolated. These compounds are identified as ursolic acid(I), corosolic acid(II) and euscapic acid (III), ${\beta}-sitosteryl-3-O-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranoside(IV)$ and hyperin(V).

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.165-171
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• 2009

Objectives : In the present study, we assessed the effects of the ethanolic extract of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine using the passive avoidance and the Morris water maze tasks in mice. Methods : The cognition-enhancing effect of C. pinnatifida was investigated using a passive avoidance test, the Morris water maze test and Y-maze test in mice. Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Results : The ethanolic extract of C. pinnatifida (100, and 200 mg/kg) significantly reversed the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in the passive avoidance test (p < 0.05). Moreover, C. pinnatifida (200 mg/kg) also improved escape latencies in training trials and increased swimming times and distances within the target zone of the Morris water maze (p < 0.05). On the Y-maze test, C. pinnatifida (100, and 200 mg/kg) also significantly reversed scopolamine- induced cognitive impairments in mice (p < 0.05). Conclusions : The ethanolic extract of Crataegus pinnatifida dramatically possesses the anti-amnestic and cognitive-enhancing activities related to the memory processes, and these activities were parallel to treatment duration and dependent on the learning models.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 1993

For the investigation of medicinal resources in Crataegus species, a study was carried out to clarify the constituents in the leaves of Crataegus Pinnatifida var. pubescens (Rosaceae), of which fruits have been used to stomachic, digestive, astringent, analgesic, and cardiotonic, etc. as a folk medicine in Korea. From the n-BuOH fraction of MeOH extract two flavone glycosides, vitexin(apigenin-8-C-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside) and 2"-O-rhamnosyl vitexin(apigenin-8-C-$\alpha$-L-rhamnosyl-(1$\rightarrow$2)-$\beta$-D-glucopyrano side) were isolated and identified on the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic evidences(UV, IR, NMR, FAB-Mass etc.) in comparision with authentic samples.amples.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.4 s.131
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• pp.285-290
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• 2002

From the fruits of Crataegus pinnatifide BUNGE ursolic acid (1), $quercetin-3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (2), (-)-epicatechin (3), $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$ (4) and quercetin (5) have been isolated and identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidences in comparison with authentic samples. Among isolated compounds, quercetin showed significant inhibitory effect against MAO.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.223-227
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• 2010

In order to select superior tree from Korea, five major phenolic compounds including (-)-epicatechin(EC), chlorogenic acid (ChA), hyperoside (HP), isoquercitrin (IQ), and procyanidin B2 (PC-$B_2$) in hawthorn fruit were evaluated. We also compared these hawthorn fruits of five clones with Chinese hawthorn cultivars. HPLC with a diode-array detector was used to determine the contents of the individual compounds. Hawthorn fruits of five clones (selected from different area of Korea), and four Chinese hawthorn cultivars grown in the Korea Forest Research Institute (Suwon) were utilized. With their high functional components, Jungsun is the clone including the highest contents of EC (11.26 mg/g) and PC-$B_2$ (24.46 mg/g). The clone of Chuncheon 15 had highest HP (0.53 mg/g) and IQ (0.41 mg/g). From the results, the clone of Jungsun and Chuncheon 15 can be evaluated to be selected breeding material for cultivar development.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1235-1242
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• 2003

This study was performed for the investigation of vasodilatory effects of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge and for isolation and structure determination of the constituent from the active fraction. The fruits of this herbal drug were extracted with 80% methanol, then fractioned successively with methylene chloride, ethylacetate and n-butanol. Among the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the most effective vascular relaxation against phenylephrine-induced arterial contraction. In order to isolate the active constituent by activity-guided fractionation, this fraction was chromatographed on silica gel to yield seven subfractions. Among the subfractions, the active one showing the most potent vascular relaxation activity was further separated by prep. HPLC with reversed phase Microsorb C-18 column using 1 % acetic acid and methanol gradient solvent system to afford one pure compound, which revealed a potent vasodilatory effect. Instrumental analyses (NMR and mass spectrometry) of the isolated constituent indicated this compound to be (-)-epicatechin. The vasodilatory action mechanism of this compound should be further investigated.

• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2018

Hawthorn is widely distributed in Korea and has been used as herbal medicine for treating various cardiovascular disease, arteriosclerosis and hypertension in Korea. In order to select superior honey tree plant from Korea, the free sugar and organic acid in hawthorn fruits, including five Korean clones and four Chinese cultivars, were evaluated. We also compared these hawthorn fruits of five clones (selected from different area of Korea) with Chinese hawthorn cultivars. Glucose, galactose, fructose and sucrose were the major sugar components of hawthorn. In this study, we observed that sucrose, glucose and fructose content. The highest sucrose content of hawthorn fruit was 188.12g/100g in Daegeumseong cultivar. The sweetness index, which plays important role of taste, was also calculated from the content of sucrose, glucose and fructose. The contribution of each carbohydrate was calculated, based on the fact that fructose is 2.30 and sucrose 1.35 times sweeter than glucose. The highest sweetness of hawthorn fruit was 579.52 in Pocheon clone. Main organic acid detected in hawthorn fruit were citric acid, malic acid and shikimic acid. The highest citric acid and malic acid content in hawthorn fruit were 157.50g/100g (Pocheon 3) and 34.12g/100g (Daegeumseong), respectively. The results of this study would be helpful for using food and functional food products, due to the beneficial effects of free sugar and organic acid for human health such as antioxidants and anticarcinogenic properties.