• 제목/요약/키워드: Fruit size

검색결과 409건 처리시간 0.021초

큰양송이(Portobella) 재배법 개발에 관한 연구 II -발이 및 생육온도 구명- (Studies on the Cultivation Method of Portobella (Agaricus brunescens) II -Investigation of Pin-heading induction and Growing Temperature for Agaricus brunescens-)

  • 지정현;이재홍;김희동;김영호
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.1-3
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    • 2004
  • 큰양송이(포토벨라)의 발이 및 생육에 적정한 온도를 구명코자 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 초발이 소요일수는 $15^{\circ}C$에서 23일로 가장 짧았으며 그 다음은 $18^{\circ}C$, $21^{\circ}C$ 순이었다. 2. 자실체 발생 개체수는 $15^{\circ}C$에서 2,364개/$3.3m^2$로 가장 많았으나, 수량은 $18^{\circ}C$처리구에서 $39.2kg/3.3m^2$로 가장 높았다. 3. 온도별 자실체특성은 $21^{\circ}C$에서 상품(上品)비율이 75.1%로 $15^{\circ}C$, 24.5%와 $18^{\circ}C$, 48.9%보다 양호하였다. 4. 수량은 $15^{\circ}C$$18^{\circ}C$에 있어서 평당 36.5~39.2kg으로 비슷하였으나 $18^{\circ}C$에서 상품비율이 48.9%로 높아 100평당 소득은 16,013천원으로 높았다.

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품질규격화를 위한 온주밀감의 물리화학적 및 관능적 특성평가 (Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Evaluation for Grading of Satsuma Mandarin Produced in Cheju)

  • 고정삼;고경수;임자훈
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.44-50
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    • 2000
  • Physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of Satsuma mandarin produced in Cheju were investigated . Fruit index(width/Length), soluble solids and acid content of Citrus unshiu marc. var. miyagawa(miyagawa) and C. unshiu marc. var.(okitsu) harvested at 1st December were 1.16 and 1.23, 12.12 and 12.01, 0.97 and 1.09, respectively. and the fruit of miyagawa was showed somewhat round in shape, compared to ikitsu. the taste of miyagawa seemed to be better than okitsu. However, compared to miyagawa, peel thickness was thinner, flesh ratio was higher, and firmness was higher as 0.502kg-force in kitsu. Nevertheless there were some differences among panelist groups in sensory evaluation , middle size of citrus fruits were favorable to most panelists, but except very small or very large size of fruits, there were not so much differences in okitsu. The panelists referred to somewhat flat-shaped fruits from that sensory evaluation score was increased to 1.3 in fruit index. nevertheless there were not so much differences in full-colored fruits, the citrus peel color of reddish yellow was more favorable than greenish or pale yellow color. the score was increased more linearly according to citrusfruit produced in optimum ciltivation area, and was prefered to thinner in peel thickness , Correlation between soluble solids, acid content , Brix/acid ratio and flesh ratio with sensory evaluation score were not showed significantly, it was different to with citrus juice. This data obtained in this experiments are supposed to be applied to the quality evaluation of Satsuma mandarin produced in Cheju .

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Relationship between the sexual and the vegetative organs in a Polygonatum humile (Liliaceae) population in a temperate forest gap

  • Min, Byeong-Mee
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제41권9호
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    • pp.256-264
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    • 2017
  • Background: The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the sexual reproduction and the resource allocation in a natural Polygonatum humile population grown in a temperate mixed forest gap. For this aim, the plant size, the node which flower was formed, the fruiting rate, and the dry weight of each organ were monitored from June 2014 to August 2015. Results: Firstly, in 3-13-leaf plants, plants with leaves ${\leq}8$ did not have flowers and in plants with over 9 leaves the flowering rate increased with the number of leaves. Among plants with the same number of leaves, the total leaf area and dry weight of flowering plants were larger than those of non-flowering plants. The minimum leaf area and dry weight of flowering plants were $100cm^2$ and 200 mg, respectively. Secondary, the flowers were formed at the 3rd~8th nodes, and the flowering rate was highest at the 5th node. Thirdly, cumulative values of leaf properties from the last leaf (the top leaf on a stem) to the same leaf rank were greater in a plant with a reproductive organ than in a plant without a reproductive organ. Fourthly, fruit set was 6.1% and faithful fruit was 2.6% of total flowers. Biomasses of new rhizomes produced per milligram dry weight of leaf were $0.397{\pm}190mg$ in plants that set fruit and $0.520{\pm}0.263mg$ in plants that did not, and the difference between the 2 plant groups was significant at the 0.1% level. Conclusions: P. humile showed that the 1st flower formed on the 3rd node from the shoot's base. And P. humile showed the minimum plant size needed in fruiting, and fruiting restricted the growth of new rhizomes. However, the fruiting rate was very low. Thus, it was thought that the low fruiting rate caused more energy to invest in the rhizomes, leading to a longer rhizome. A longer rhizome was thought to be more advantageous than a short one to avoid the shading.

정금나무 선발집단의 형태적 특성과 유연관계 (Morphological Characteristics and Classification Analysis of Selected Population of Vaccinium oldhami Miq.)

  • 김문섭;김세현;한진규;박인협
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.72-79
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    • 2012
  • Vaccinium oldhami Miq. is a Korean native tree, which is deciduous and shrub tree with broad leaf. It grows 1~4m in height generally. Ecologically, this tree grows well in shady place even in barren soil. Also, the tree has resistance to cold and dry, which tend to form a little community. This research investigates quantitative morphological characteristics of leaf and fruit among the V. oldhami in South Korea and then considers its relationship on the basis of raw data among the 10 populations. This study will give us invaluable information about growing conditions, reasonable management and breeding by selection of V. oldhami in South Korea. The main results obtained from this study are summarized as follows; Leaf size of Mudeung population was larger than other populations. Naebyeon population was smaller in size of the leaf than other populations. Anmyeondo population was larger in fruit characteristics compared with other populations and Deogyu population was the smallest among populations. According to cluster analysis based on the leaf and fruit morphological characteristics, the natural V. oldhami populations were classified into four groups such as the first group of Kumo population, the second group of Mudeung population, the third group of Anmyundo, Daedun, Doolyun population and the fourth group of the other five populations.

농가유형별로 본 농가소득 및 소비지출 구조분석 -'88 농가가계부를 중심으로- (Analysis on the Structure of Farm Household Income & Expenditure by Farming Types -Using Housekeeping Books of Farm Household in 1988-)

  • 김인숙
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.105-125
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    • 1990
  • The 78 housekeeping books were analyzed to find out the structure of income and expenditure of the farm household. The selected farm households were classified into 4 different farming types such as rice-cultivating, vinyl house, fruit-growing, and livestock farming. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The farm housekeeper ought to rationally manage farm household money income, because agricultural income was preponderated to several months regardless of farming types. 2) Farm household income was primarily dependent upon agricultural income and non-agricultural income in the livestock farming and rice-cultivating farm houshold respectively. 3) order of living expenses of the total farm households were recreation and entertainment expenses, food expenses, education expenses, and housing, fuel & light expenses in size. The major expenses were education expenses, food expenses and miscellaneous expenses in rice-cultivating, vinyl house and livestock farming, and fruit growing farm households respectively. 4) Balance of income and expenses of the farm household, s its time, size, and pattern of increase and decrease, was different by farming types. 5) Household expenses increased in February, May, August and December, though disposable income reversely decreased in February, April, August and December compared to each former month. So, special consideration should be taken into budget planning for household money management in February, August and December.

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Structural and Physiological Characteristics of Rhamnogalacturonan II from Fruit Wines

  • Park, So-Yeon;Shin, Kwang-Soon
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.270-274
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    • 2007
  • To characterize the polysaccharides which exist as soluble forms in fruit wines, crude polysaccharides were isolated from red, white, raspberry, wild grape, and pear wine, respectively. Among them, the crude polysaccharide (RW-0) in red wine showed the highest yield and considerable amounts of thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-positive materials. The pectic polysaccharide RW-2 was purified to homogeneity from RW-0 by subsequent size-exclusion chromatography using Sephadex G-75 and its structure was characterized. RW-2 consisted of 14 different monosaccharides which included rarely observed sugars in general polysaccharides, such as 2-O-methyl-fucose, 2-O-methyl-xylose, apiose (Api), 3-C-carboxy-5-deoxy-L-xylose (aceric acid, AceA), 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (Kdo), and 3-deoxy-D-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid (Dha). Methylation analysis indicated that RW-2 comprised at least 20 different glycosyl linkages such as 3,4-linked fucose, 2,3,4-linked rhamnose, 3'-linked apiose, and 2,3,3'-linked apiose, being characteristic in rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). High performance size-exclusion chromatography indicated that RW-2 mainly comprised RG-II of higher molecular weight (12,000), and that the changes of molecular weight to apparent 7,000 under less than pH 2.0 were observed. These analyses indicated that the higher molecular weight polysaccharide in RW-2 was mainly present as a RG-II dimer.

Ethnobotany of Wild Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.): A Way Forward for Species Domestication and Conservation in Sudan

  • Gurashi, N.A.;Kordofani, M.A.Y.;Adam, Y.O.
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.270-280
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    • 2017
  • Selection of superior phenotypes of fruit trees and products based on established criteria by local people is a prerequisite for future species domestication and conservation. Thus the study objective was to identify the local people's perceptions and preferences on baobab trees and products. A sample of 142 respondents was randomly selected using structured interviews in Blue Nile and North Kordofan, Sudan in 2013. Descriptive analysis was employed using SPSS and Excel programs. The study results indicated that local people use the morphological characteristics of the tree (leaves, fruits, seeds, kernels and bark) to differentiate individual trees. Based on the perceptions, local people recorded trees with delicious leaves, white pulp color, big fruit size and mature capsule size, and high pulp yield as criteria for differentiating between baobab trees in the study areas. In contrast, the undesirable traits were connected to trees with acidic pulp, slimy pulp, bitter leaves, and low pulp yield. The study concluded that the ethnobotanical knowledge of the baobab tree and its products may play an important role in tree domestication and improvement in Sudan. However, further research on tree genetics is needed to complement the ethnobotanical knowledge for baobab resources domestication and conservation.

선과장을 중심으로 한 주요 생산지역별 조생온주의 품질 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Early Varieties of Citrus Unshiu Collected at Different Packing Houses as Cultivation Area in Cheju)

  • 고정삼;양영택;강순선
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 1997
  • Physicochemical properties affecting on the quality of Citrus unshiu Marc. var miyagawa and C. unshiu Marc. var, okitsu according to cultivation area in Cheju were investigated. Linear correlations (r>0.9) were showed between fruit size and peel thickness. There were much difference between cultivation areas in soluble solids of C. unshiu Marc. var. okitsu. The difference were not so much in soluble solids and acid contents of citrus fruits produced at same area below 65mm of fruit diameter, but the quality of large size fruits were inferior. Brix/Acid ratio could not be index for quality evaluation, because of individual deviation. Soluble solid content of citrus fruits produced in south Cheju was higher than that produced in north Cheju. Acid content and Brix/Acid ratio of citrus fruits produced in south Cheju was lower than that produced in north Cheju. The quality of C. unshiu Marc. var. miyagawa clad not so much difference between cultivation area, but the difference of quality were recognized significantly in C. unshiu Marc. var. okitsu.

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오존처리를 이용한 유자청의 비가열살균 (Non-Heat Sterilization of Yujacheong Using Ozone Treatment)

  • 이보배;윤창용;남승희
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.334-339
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    • 2023
  • To suppress mold generation of yujacheong, Penicillium chrysogenum LB31 was cultured, and spores were harvested and put into yujacheong. Antioxidant activity, useful ingredients, mold size and incidence were investigated while storing yujacheong for 30 days, after sterilization with different methods (nontreatment, ozone gas emission, heating after ozone gas emission and heating). The results showed that the content of narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, or neohesperidin, which are functional components of yuzu, increased as the storage period increased in all the treatment units. In addition, mold generation was not observed until the 15th day in the heat treatment group after ozone gas emission. As the treatment group emitted ozone gas. molds of 34.8 and 112 mm2 in size were observed on the 30th day. These results suggested that ozone sterilization can prevent microbial contamination, further extending the shelf life of yuzacheong and maintaining a fresh state.

Overexpression of the Downward Leaf Curling (DLC) Gene from Melon Changes Leaf Morphology by Controlling Cell Size and Shape in Arabidopsis Leaves

  • Kee, Jae-Jun;Jun, Sang Eun;Baek, Seung-A;Lee, Tae-Soo;Cho, Myung Rae;Hwang, Hyun-Sik;Lee, Suk-Chan;Kim, Jongkee;Kim, Gyung-Tae;Im, Kyung-Hoan
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 2009
  • A plant-specific gene was cloned from melon fruit. This gene was named downward leaf curling (CmDLC) based on the phenotype of transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the gene. This expression level of this gene was especially upregulated during melon fruit enlargement. Overexpression of CmDLC in Arabidopsis resulted in dwarfism and narrow, epinastically curled leaves. These phenotypes were found to be caused by a reduction in cell number and cell size on the adaxial and abaxial sides of the epidermis, with a greater reduction on the abaxial side of the leaves. These phenotypic characteristics, combined with the more wavy morphology of epidermal cells in overexpression lines, indicate that CmDLC overexpression affects cell elongation and cell morphology. To investigate intracellular protein localization, a CmDLC-GFP fusion protein was made and expressed in onion epidermal cells. This protein was observed to be preferentially localized close to the cell membrane. Thus, we report here a new plant-specific gene that is localized to the cell membrane and that controls leaf cell number, size and morphology.