• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제54권3호
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 2015

복숭아씨살이좀벌(Eurytoma maslovskii)에 의한 전남지역 매실 낙과피해는 해안지역인 완도, 신안, 여수, 무안을 제외한 전 지역에 발생하였고 평균 피해과율은 2013년 67%, 2014년 33.3%였다. 이 씨살이좀벌은 매실 씨방에서 노숙유충으로 월동을 하는데 7, 8월의 장마철을 지나며 생존율이 30% 내외가 되었다. 알은 길이 0.68 mm, 폭 0.29 mm의 유백색이며 장타원형으로 양 끝부분에 실모양의 돌기를 붙이고 있다. 다 자란 노숙유충은 길이 6.56 mm, 폭 3.18 mm이다. 번데기는 검정색 나용이고, 성충은 암 6.97 mm, 수 4.90 mm이고 암컷의 산란관 길이는 0.64 mm 였다. 성충 우화시기는 4월 상순(매실 직경 4 mm)~5월 상순(17 mm)이고, 우화 최성기는 4월 중순이었다. 성충의 평균수명은 13.5일이고, 암수성비는 45.9 : 54.1이다. 과일당 평균 산란수는 1개 61.5%, 2개 30.8%이고 최대 4개까지 산란하였지만 동종포식에 의해 최종적으로 1마리의 유충만 서식한다. 성충의 매실에 산란시기는 4월 하순(직경 12~16 mm)이며 그 후에는 씨방벽이 딱딱하게 경화되어 유충이 씨방으로 침투가 어려워진다. 따라서 성충의 산란을 예방하기 위한 방제적기는 4월 중순부터 5일 간격으로 2~3회 적용약제를 살포하는 것이다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.536-541
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE)이 흰쥐모델에서 스트레스로 유발되어지는 위염에 대한 억제효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 이때 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE)소재는 지표성분인 hamabiwalactone B의 함량이 $15.23{\pm}0.057mg/g$로 규격에 적합한 것을 사용하였다, 동물실험에 있어 군분리는 정상군(normal), 양성 대조군(control, 수침 구속 스트레스 위염 유발), 약물 대조군(ranitidine, 50 mg/kg), 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물 저농도 투여군(LJF-HE-L, 30 mg/kg), 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물 중농도 투여군(LJF-HE-M, 60 mg/kg), 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물 고농도 투여군(LJF-HE-H, 120 mg/kg)의 총 6군으로 구성하여 실험을 진행하였다. 그 결과 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물의 투여그룹(LJF-HE-L, LJF-HE-M, LJF-HE-H)에서 염증의 길이가 control 그룹에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였으며, 육안 병변 관찰에서도 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE) 투여그룹에서의 위 염증과 점막출혈 부위가 control 그룹에 비하여 감소하였음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE) 투여그룹에서의 펩신 활성도도 control 대비 유의성 있게 감소하는 것으로 나타나 까마귀쪽나무 열매추출물은 펩신 활성도를 낮춰 위염 발생을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물의 투여 그룹(LJF-HE-M, LJF-HE-H)에서 gastrin에 의해 활성화 되는 CCK-2r 유전자 발현이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 억제되는 것으로 나타났으며, 염증성 cytokine중에 하나인 IL-$1{\beta}$의 혈장 내 함량이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였고, 세포보호물질로 점액 및 혈류량을 증가시켜 위점막을 보호하는 역할을 하는 PGE2의 혈장 내 함량이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 증가한 결과를 얻었다. 이와 같은 결과는 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE)이 스트레스로 유발되어지는 위염에 대한 억제효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.215-225
• /
• 2017

Kiwifruit is prone to damage by frost in the harvest season and the occurrence of postharvest diseases. Accordingly, new cultivars overcoming these disadvantages have been developed. Compared to existing cultivars, studies on diseases in new cultivars are very limited. Thus, goal of this study was investigation of fungal infection occurrences in new cultivars. Kiwifruit was harvested in 2014 and 2015 year, respectively. In both years, cvs. Goldone and Redvita showed more resistance against fungal infection but cv. Gamrok was more sensitive compared with cv. Hayward. Major fungi were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea, Phomopsis sp., Alternaria alternata and Nigrospora sp. Firmness and soluble solids content were also influenced by the occurrences. This study's findings are important for providing practical information on new cultivars in the kiwifruit industry.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.439-446
• /
• 2008

A fungicidal spray program for effective control of three major apple diseases in Korea (white rot, bitter rot, and Marssonina blotch) was developed. This was based on our previous studies showing that application of ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) in early or mid-August can eradicate white rot infection in fruit and that some protective fungicides show after-infection activity against white rot. The basic spray program focused on control of white rot, the main target disease, and the fungicides were sprayed at 15-day intervals from petal fall to late August using fungicides that show after-infection and EBI activity. The basic spray program was modified over 4 successive years to improve control efficacy against bitter rot and Marssonina blotch, which sometimes cause as much damage as white rot. Modifications to the regime were made every year by replacing one fungicide in the basic program at a specific spraying time. Substitution of only one fungicide in the spray program, even early in the growing season, greatly influenced the final disease incidence at harvest. Applying this principle, a moderately efficient spray program for cv. Fuji that increased the spray interval from 10 to 15 days and thus reduced the number of sprays required per crop season was developed.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제11권11호
• /
• pp.1149-1156
• /
• 2002

The ecological characteristics of Dolbae trees, a valuable genetic resource for native pyrus fruit trees, were investigated at four naturally inhabited areas on Mount Kaya, Gyeongsangnam-Do. Most Dolbae trees were found on the southwest side of an old hiking path to a mountain valley at altitudes of 610∼670 m. The surrounding flora consisted of 46 families, 69 genera, 75 species, and 10 varieties. The natural habitat of the Dolbae trees was basically a deciduous broad-leaved forest with a predominance of Quercus serrata and ligneous plants(xylophytes) from the Fagaceae and Betulaceae families. The habitat was also found to be in a second transition resulting from forest disturbance and exhibited a degree of diversity of 2.901-5.065, based on Shannon-Weiner's index. Examination of the Dolbae trees found in Mount Kaya revealed diameter breast heights(DBHs) ranging from 10 to 60 cm, including six old and large Dolbae trees with a DBH of 50∼60 cm, which will be particularly valuable as a genetic resource. Accordingly, the current results suggest that the study areas are a secondary forest in a typical mid-temperate zone resulting from forest damage about 10 years earlier.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.1283-1287
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to develop new processed food from cherry tomatoes. The dried cherry tomatoes were prepared by using a sequence of osmotic dehydration, air drying, vacuum drying and freeze drying. The moisture contents of dried cherry tomato products by nontreatment and osmosis treatment were about 11~13% and 7.5~ 10%, respectively. The vitamin C contents of the dried product after osmotic dehydration were higher than those of the dried products by nontreatment. The vitamin C content of the freezing dried product was the highest of the others. The vacuum dried product by nontreatment was retained color of fresh fruit in the change of color. The ΔE value of the air dried product was lower than those of the others. As a result to microscopic analysis, fresh cherry tomato was observed regular tissue, while cherry tomato treated by osmosis was observed a cell collapse following the loss of water. The dried product had cell shrinkage and dense tissue. And the cell wall of dried products after osmotic dehydration were much more damage than those of nontreatment dried product. The palatability of the air dried product was the best of three drying methods. The dried cherry tomatoes treated by osmosis were superior to the dried cherry tomatoes by nontreatment.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.195-195
• /
• 2017

The water in the crop cultivation shows difference according to the variety of crop, cultivations period and climatic condition. The growth and development, quantity and fruit enlargements are affected by soil water conditions. In previous study, leaf area and photosynthesis are decreased by lower soil moisture. Other research reported that excess moisture condition at vegetative and reproductive growth period in cultivation of soybean caused highest reduction in crop growth rate (CGR) and dry weights of plant parts. In particular, the damage was bigger during vegetative growth stage than reproductive growth period. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) is useful and popular crop throughout the world. It is very popular crop in Korea, China, Japan and other Asian countries. Soybeans used in various way including soybean sprouts, paste, soymilk, oil and tofu. Two soybean cultivars grown in four different irrigation conditions were determined for physiological responses. In this study, we examined leaf area (LA), leaf dry weight (LDW), specific leaf area (SLA), root dry weight (RDW) and shoot height (SH) in different water conditions. 50mL/9day irrigation periods showed the lowest contents in LA, LDW, RDW, SH. Water deficit caused increase of leaf Water saturation deficits (WSD), Cheongjakong 3 and Taekwangkong showed increase of leaf water saturation deficits (WSD) in drought conditions and leaf water potential and stomatal conductance were decreased. Photochemical efficiency was decreased in 50mL/1day irrigation condition while, there was decrease of growth and development in 50mL/9day with drought.

• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 1987

본 실험은 전기영동법에 의하여 탄저병균의 종분류를 하였다. 고추 탄저병균인 Colletotrichium gloeosporioides, C. dematium과 사과 탄저병균 Gloeosporium fructigenum은 esterase, leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase와 glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 동위효소에 의해 구분되었다. 특히 C. gloesoporioides의 G와 R-strain이 효소 pattern에 의해 구분되었다. G-strain은 고추의 모든 열매(푸른고추, 붉은고추)를 침해하나, R-strain은 단지 붉은 고추를 침해하고 푸른고추는 침해하지 않는다

• 한국포장학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 2010

The compression strength of corrugated fiberboard containers for packaging the agricultural products rapidly decreases because of various environmental conditions during distribution of unitized products. Among various environmental conditions, the main factors affecting the compression strength of corrugated fiberboard are absorption of moisture, long-term accumulative load, and fatigue caused by shock and vibration. An estimated rate of damage for fruit during distribution is about 30~40% owing to the shock and vibration. This study was carried out to characterize the durability of corrugated fiberboard containers for packaging the fruits and vegetables under simulated transportation environment. After the packaging freight was vibrated at various experimental conditions, the compression test for the packaging was performed. The compression strength of corrugated fiberboard containers decreased with loading weight and vibration time. The multiple nonlinear regression equation ($R^2$ = 0.9198) for predicting the decreasing rate of compression strength of corrugated fiberboard containers were developed using four independent variables such as input acceleration level, input frequency, loading weight and vibration time.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 1996

Physicochemical properties and the conditions of cold storage of kiyomi clangor(Citrus unshiu x sinensis) produced in Cheju were investigated. Firmness, edible part ratio, soluble solids, and acid content were decreased gradually with incurasing fruit size. Carbohydrates in juice were consisted of 65.12% sucrose, 19.65% fructose, and 15.23% glucose The main organic acrid In juice was 57.4% of citric acid, and others were lactic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid and fumaric acid, respectively. Weight loss were occured very. slowly to about 6% till late of May, but decayed fruits were occurred very slowly to about 6% till late of May, but decayed fruits were arisen to about 8% at 3$^{\circ}C$, and about 13% at 5$^{\circ}C$ of storage temperature. The changes of peel moisture content, soluble solids, total sugar, vitaamin C, and density of fruits were slightly occured during cold storage. Cold storage at 3$^{\circ}C$ and 87% relative humidity kept freshness of citrus fruits for a long-term without damage of cold injury.