• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.15
• /
• pp.6239-6241
• /
• 2014

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting malignancy of pelvic masses which are pre-operatively malignant suspicious. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study we evaluated the clinical features of patients with ovarian masses which had pre-operatively been considered suspicious for malignancy. The patients whose intraoperative frozen sections were malign were classified as the study group, while those who had benign masses were the control group. Data recorded were age of the patient, diameter of the mass, pre-operative serum Ca 125 levels, platelet count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio. Results: There was statistically significantly difference between the groups in terms of age, diameter of the mass, serum Ca 125 levels, platelet number and platelet/lymphocyte ratio. Mean neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios showed no difference between the groups. ROC curve analysis showed that age, serum Ca 125 levels, platelet number and PLR were discriminative markers in predicting malignancy in adnexal masses. Conclusions: According to the current study, serum Ca 125 levels, pre-operative platelet number and PLR may be good prognostic factors, while NLR is an ineffective marker in predicting the malignant characteristics of a pelvic mass.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.267-273
• /
• 2000

Objectives: We have previous reported that thawed testicular sperm and sperm extracted from seminiferous tubule could achieved optimal fertilization and pregnancy in azoospermic patients. However, thawed testicular sperm did not show motility in many cases. Therefore we studied viability of immotile sperm extracted from frozen-thawed seminiferous tubule using hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test and eosin-Y test. Materials and Methods: After sperm extraction using for ICSI, the remained sections of seminiferous tubules were frozen with a computerized freezer. For thawing and preparation of testicular sperm, the seminiferous tubules were thawed by removing from $LN_2$ and letting them at room temperature for 10 min followed by %37^{\circ}C$ water bath for 10 min. The prepared samples were washed for free of preservation medium and sperm preparation method described previous. Sperm was suspended in 0.1 ml hypoosmotic solution. After 30 minutes, the type of distally coiled sperm were assessed. Results: In 44 cases of cryopreservation of seminiferous tubules in obstructive azoospennic patients, the fertilization rates with 2PN were 71.4% and pregnancy rates were 34.1%. The presence of motile spermatozoa on subsequent post-thaw testicular sperm remarked 15.1% and were increased to 77.3% just before ICSI. After sperm extracted from frozen-thawed seminiferous tubule, 3 hrs later in in vitro culture, the cases of presence of motile sperm, reaction of hypo-osmotic swelling test and viable sperm were 63.6% (28/44), 93.2% (41/44), and 77.3% (34/44), respectively. Conclusions: Just after post-thawed testicular sperm did not showed motility. Although motility was gained after in vitro culture, many cases showed non-motile sperm until optimal insemination time. However, HOS test showed positive reaction in non-motile sperm. Therefore, HOS test is an alternative method for the selection of viable sperm for ICSI.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.549-554
• /
• 2001

Thermal measurements were made for connective tissues of 5 different fish muscles by using a differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and connective tissues between muscle fibers and the cross sections of muscle fibers were observed by a light microscope. Red sea bream(cultured and wild) and flounder(cultured, cultured with obosan and wild) were used in this study. It was found that the connective tissues of cultured and frozen fish muscle required less endothermic enthalpy and the endothermic peak temperature was lower than those of wild and fresh ones when they were shrunken and denatured. Therefore, it is likely that the former are more unstable to heat than the latter. The cultured flounder fed with obosan and wild flounder which contained more collagen than cultured flounder and the wild red sea bream showed clear connective tissues between fibers. The cross-section of cultured fish muscle fiber was larger than that of wild one. From these results, collagen content and thermal properties of collagen, cross section of muscle fibers seemed to contribute to the textural difference between wild and cultured fish.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.769-776
• /
• 1995

This study was undertaken to develop the monoclonal antibody(MAb) for lymphocytes of Korean native cattle by the cell hybridization of myeloma P3/NS-1/ 1-Ag-4-1 and spleen cells from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with nylon wool column eluted peripheral T lymphocytes of Korean native cattle. The isotype of MAb KCT-14 against T lymphocyte was mouse $IgG_1$. KCT-14 positivity of mononuclear cells(MNC) from peripheral blood lymphocytes, nylon wool nonadherent and adherent-lymphocytes was 41.7%, 58.4% and 22.6%, respectively. And that of mesenteric lymph node-, spleen and thymus-MNC was 43.3%, 40.2% and 33.6%, respectively. Immunoperoxidase staining of frozen tissue sections showed that the MAb positive cells were located in the medulla of the thymus and in the paracortical area and the mantle zone of the germinal center in the lymph nodes. These results indicated that KCT-14 was one of the MAb for investigate of T lymphocyte subpopulations in the Korean native cattle.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.152-157
• /
• 1990

The present study, using immunohistochemical procedure, was carried out to determine the localization of immunostainable $\beta$-endorphin cells in the mouse ovarian tissues. Mature female mice were perfused with 4% neutral buffered paraformaldehyde under anesthesia and then frozen-sections were immunostained with anti $\beta$-endorphin antiserum according to ABC technique. Immunoreactive $\beta$-endorphin was found in the luteal cells of corpus lutea, but not in the thecal cells. More strong immunostaining signak were observed in large corpus luteum, in particular, the regressing luteal cells. Primary and secondary follicles did not show any immunoreactivity of $\beta$-endorphin, but granulosa cells lining the antral cavity of large antral follicles contained immunoreactive $\beta$-endorphin.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.181-184
• /
• 1967

Hypothalamus is one of the most important center regulating voluntary and involuntary function of the body. We studied on the blood glucose and eosinophilic responses induced by electrical hypothalamic stimulation using stereotaxic apparatus. Blood glucose was measured according to Somogyi Nelson method and circulating eosinophil was counted with Hinkleman Stain. For the histological confirmation of electrode placement frozen sections were cut along electrode tract and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Anterior hypothalamic stimulation mostly leads to hypoglycemia but in some cases lead to hyperglycemia. 2. Hypothalamic stimulation leads to eosinopenia in majority cases. 3. There is no relationship between eosinopenia and hyperglycemia. 4. It appears that sympathetic and pararympathetic areas are not separate part but it coincides each other.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.372-380
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) containing nerve fivers after pulp exposure in rats. The Spague-Dawley rats weighing about 250 - 300g were used. The animals were devided into normal control group and experimental groups. Experimental animals were sacrified on 2, 4, 7, 10 days after pulp exposure. The maxillary teeth and alveolar bone were removed and immersed in the 4% paraformaldehyde plus 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Serial frozen $50{\mu}m$ thick sections were cut with a cryostat. In the immunohistochemical staining procedure, the rabbit CGRP antibody was used as a primary antibody. The sections were incubated for 48 hours at $4^{\circ}C$, and placed into biotinylated anti-rabbit IgG as a secondary antibody and incubated in ABC (avidin-biotin complex), The sections were visualized by 0.05% 3.3 diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In control group, CGRP containing nerve fibers ran parallel to the long axis of root and reached the coronal pulp. They were distributed on Raschkow plexus under the odontoblastic layer. 2. In 2 day group after pulp exposure, tissue necrosis and acute inflammation occurred and CGRP containing nerve fibers increased. In 4 day group, the necrotic tissue extended to the pulp and CGRP containing nerve fibers were distributed around the inflammation zone. 3. In 7 day group after pulp exposure, pulp necrosis occurred, and in 10 day group, the abscess under the necrotic pulp extended to the root apex area and CGRP containing nerve fibers were not observed in root canals. 4.The sprouting of CGRP nerve fibers was most remarkable at the pulp chamber under injury in 4 day group, and it was found at inflammation zone under the necrotic tissue in 7 day group and the remaining root pulp tissue in 10 day group. As mentioned above, CGRP nerve fibers had a tendency to increase around the inflammatory zone, especially around the acute inflammation tissue, when compared with control group. It is suggested that CGRP nerve fibers maybe related to the control of inflammatory response of pulp tissue.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.357-365
• /
• 2000

Paneth cells have been suggested to contribute to the elimination of excess metals into the intestinal lumen. The purpose of this study wat to investigate the changes of the zinc pools in rats subjected to functional loading with zinc salt by mean of both light and electron microscopical autometallography (AMG). Wistar rats 4 were administrated with zinc chloride (20 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally dissolved in 1 ml distilled water. The control group received 1 ml saline IP. After further one hour the animals were transcardially perfused with 0.4% sodium sulphide dissolved in 0.1 M PB fellowed by 3% glutaraldehyde solution for 10 minutes. Pieces of ileum were frozen with solid $CO_2$ and sectioned on a cryostat. The sections $(20{\mu}m)$ were autometallographically developed. Sections selected for EM were reembedded on top of a blank Epon block, from which ultrathin sections (100 nm) were cut. The ultrathin sections were double stained with uranyl acetate (30 min) and lead citrate (5 min), then examined under electron microscope. Studies of comparable sections from control and zinc loaded animals with the AMG selenium method gave quite different results. The control animals demonstrated a weakly positive staining in the cytoplasm of the Paneth cells. In the electron microscope the AMG silver grains were found to be located in the cytoplasm, while the electron dense secretary granules and other cell organelles were void of staining. Few AMG grains were located at the apical surface of the Paneth cells. In sections from zinc loaded rats, the AMG grains were seen in abundance in the lumen of the Lieberkuhn crypts at light microscopic levels. At EM levels the zinc revealing silver grains were located in the cytoplasm as in the controls, but much more AMG grains were shifted into the secretary granules. Furthermore, profound AMG grains were found in the lumen of the crypts and surrounding vessels. And a few grains were seen in the endothelium. The AMG technique demonstrated a pattern of AMG grains in the Paneth cells that strongly suggests a transport of zinc ions through these cells.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.27 no.9
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2011

Bearing capacity of pile foundations in cold region is dominated by adfreeze bond strength between surrounding soil and pile perimeter. Adfreeze bond strength is considered to be the most important design parameter for foundations in cold region. Many studies in last 50 years have been conducted to analyze characteristics of adfreeze bond strength. However, most studies have been performed under constant temperature and normal stress conditions in order to analyze affecting factors like soil type, pile material, loading speed, etc. In this study, both freezing temperature and normal stress acting on pile surface were considered to be primary factors affecting adfreeze bond strength, while other factors such as soil type, pile material and loading speed were predefined. Direct shear box was used to measure adfreeze bond strength between Joomoonjin sand and aluminium because it is easy to work for various roughness. Test was performed with temperatures of > $0^{\circ}C$, $-1^{\circ}C$, $-2^{\circ}C$, $-5^{\circ}C$, and $-10^{\circ}C$ and vertical confining pressures of 1atm, 2atm, and 3atm. Based on the test results, the effects of temperature and vertical stress on adfreeze bond strength were analyzed. The test results showed that adfreeze bond strength increases with decreased temperature and increased vertical stress. It was also noted that two types of distinct sections exist, owing to the rate of increase of adfreeze bond strength along the change of freezing temperature: 1)rapidly increasing section and 2)gradually decreasing section. In addition, the results showed that a main factor affecting adfreeze bond strength switches from friction angle to adhesion as freezing temperature decreases.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.409-422
• /
• 2017

In order to understand the environmental factors affecting the waterbird community in winter, we divided the watershed into 6 sections and investigated the size of the stream, the water quality, benthic invertebrates, and fish including birds. The influences on the community of water birds in Wonju stream were river structure, temperature and water quality. Among the structure of the river, the factors affecting the waterbird community in winter were the width of the stream and the width of the flowing water. The wider the width, the more species and the number of the winter waterbirds were. As the width of river water was wide, the smaller the width and width of the waterway, the fewer the population. The temperature changes of the wintering season affected the community of water birds because it led to freezing of rivers. The sections that were not frozen showed a significant increase and decrease in the temperature drop and rise. The values of pH, water temperature, COD, BOD, TN, TP and total E. coli increased with the increase of the downstream waterbirds population in the water quality survey. The water quality of S6 was affected by the downstream sewage treatment plant The number of wintering waterbirds was also highest. The effluent from the sewage treatment plant seems to have a considerable influence on the water quality. The increase of several items such as TN promotes the nutrition of the river, which leads to the accumulation of organic matter and the proliferation of aquatic organisms. This may be the cause of the increase in winter waterbirds as a food source. The benthic macroinvertebrate communities and fish communities did not show any correlation with the wintering water-birds communities.