• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.536-540
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• 2003

A new concept of adaptive focusing, using a Rotman lens, is presented in this paper. A Rotman lens is a microwave lens which is able to focus microwave power on its focal arc or generate multiple beams. By adding the array of phase shifters between a Rotman lens and antenna elements, the wavefront can be adaptively modulated to focus objects distributed in short range rather than far-field zone. From the optical point of view, the propagations of the lens have been simplified from the Fresnel diffraction integral to the Fourier transform. Using Fourier Transform, a beam propagation method has been developed to show improvement of the resolution by controlling wavefront of wave propagating from an aperture-type antenna array. The beam width(or spot size) and intensity have been calculated for a focused beam propagating from an array having $10{\lambda}$ of its size. For the beam with $20{\lambda},\;30{\lambda}$, and $50{\lambda}$ of geometrical focal length, the half-power beamwidth (spot size) is about $1.1{\lambda},\;1.3{\lambda}$, and $1.9{\lambda}$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.38-39
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• 2015

최근 고 해상도의 콘텐츠의 보급이 늘어나는데 이에 따라 암호화를 위한 계산 량과 시간이 증가하였다. 본 논문은 고 해상도의 콘텐츠에서 많은 양의 암호화 계산과 시간을 줄이기 위해 프레넬 변환을 이용한 암호화 방법을 제안하였다. 프레넬 변환을 통하여 획득한 회절 영상은 거리에 따라 가운데로 집중되는 특성을 가지는데, 고 해상도의 영상을 먼 거리에서의 회절 영상을 획득하여 가운데의 집중된 영역에 암호화를 수행하여 암호화 영역을 줄여 계산 량을 줄일 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 암호화 알고리즘을 구현하여 10m의 거리일 때 0.004%의 데이터만 암호화 하여 모든 데이터를 숨길 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.238-239
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 디지털 홀로그래픽 비디오 서비스를 위한 시스템의 구조를 제안하고 이를 구현하였다. 홀로그래픽 비디오 서비스의 형태는 다양할 수 있는데 이 중에서 깊이카메라를 기반으로 하여 위상방식의 컴퓨터생성홀로그램(computer generated hologram, CGH)을 이용하는 것을 타겟으로 하였다. CGH는 고속 생성을 위하여 GPGPU(general purpose graphic processing unit)을 이용하였고, 편의상 복원은 프레넬 변환(Fresnel transform)을 이용한 소프트웨어 방식을 이용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.227-228
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• 2018

고가의 콘텐츠인 홀로그램의 저작권보호를 위한 수단으로 홀로그램의 워터마킹 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 워터마킹 기법은 프레넬 변환의 퍼짐특성을 이용하기 위해 1차 프레넬 변환 결과에서 실수부와 허수부에 절대 값을 적용하여 저주파성분이 많은 데이터로 변형하고 2차 프레넬 변환을 적용한다. 2차 프레넬 변환으로 홀로그램 정보는 집중되고, 바깥 영역에 워터마크를 삽입한다. 제안한 워터마킹 기법은 기존의 프레넬 변환 특성을 이용한 방법에서 크기성분만 사용함으로써 생기는 소실을 제거하여 화질 좋은 워터마크를 추출할 수 있고, 다양한 공격에도 강인함을 확인 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2018

홀로그램 콘텐츠의 정보보안을 위한 암호화 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 암호화 기법은 실시간 처리를 위해 부분 홀로그램에 대하여 편향치를 더하고, 이중 프레넬 변환을 수행하여 에너지가 집중된 DC 영역을 획득한다. 이때 집중된 영역이 암호화 영역으로 적은 데이터롤 이용하여 고효율의 암호화를 수행한다. 제안한 기법은 기존 연구보다 변환하는 크기를 줄이기 때문에 같은 효율로 고속의 암호화를 수행할 수 있다. $1,024{\times}1,024$ 크기의 홀로그램을 $32{\times}32$ 부분홀로그램으로 구성하여 적용할 경우 약 18배 빠르게 처리할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.211-212
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 프레넬 변환의 다양한 파라미터를 조절하여 홀로그램에 적용한 뒤 비디오 코딩을 이용한 압축을 수행하고 이에 대한 효율을 분석하였다. 공간상의 재생되는 객체의 실제 위치와 프레넬 변환에서의 전파된 거리의 관계, 참조된 파의 파장, 홀로그램 디스플레이 장치의 화소의 크기에 대한 분석을 수행하였다. 프레넬 변환 파라미터 중 참조파의 파장에 대한 영향은 미비하지만 변환 거리 및 화소의 크기에는 압축 효율에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.288-295
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• 1995

We have studied about spatial wavefront analysis of a pulsed laser output beam by means of an imaging unstable ring resonator with an infinite Fresnel number. We have constructed a Newtonian telescope type NBUR (Negative Branch Unstable Ring) Nd:YAG laser with 4 plane mirrors. Provided that the NBUR resonator is under self imaging condition, the resonator could be reduced diffraction effects which were occuring to the beam transmitting through the circular aperture of scraper mirror in the resonator. We have observed enhancement in the spatial coherence of wavefronts of laser beam due to the iterative round trips of the self imaging beam inside the ring resonator. The information on the spatial wavefronts was determined by the fringe patterns from Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the fringe analysis by means of the Fourier transform method showed the distortion of wavefronts of less than 0.2), In comparison with a standing wave type resonator, we have confirmed that the spatial coherence of the NBUR Nd:YAG laser output beam was enhanced as much as 75%. s 75%.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.5 s.96
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• pp.465-471
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• 2005

A method of calculation fur propagating and focusing of focused beams generated in antenna arrays, using BPM(Beam Propagation Method), is presented in this paper. Based on the diffraction theory, the beam focusing and Propagation is studied specially for the case of the antenna way fed by the Rotman lens that is able to focus microwave power on its focal arc or generate multiple beams. There are difficulties in performing a full-wave simulation using a commercial EM simulation tool for propagating and focusing of beams because of the structural complexity and the feeding assignment of the antenna array. Therefore, as an alternative solution, the BPM is presented to calculate the beam propagation from the aperture-type antennas. From the point of view of optics, the propagations of the lens have been simplified from the Fresnel diffraction integral to the Fourier transform. Using Fourier Transform, a beam propagation method is developed to show improvement of the resolution by controlling the wavefront of wave Propagating from an aperture-type antenna array. The beam width(or spot size) and the intensity are calculated for a focused beam propagating from an array having $10\lambda$ of its size. For the beams with $20\lambda,\;30\lambda$, and $50\lambda$ of geometrical focal length, the half-power beam widths(or spot size) are about 1.1\lambda,\;1.3\lambda,\;and\;1.9\lambda$ respectively.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.606-612
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• 2003

The self-imaging effect or lensless imaging effect of a phase line grating is theoretically analyzed by using Fresnel diffraction theory, then experimentally investigated. The self-imaging distance $z_{T,p}$, that is the imaging distance being perfectly copied from the phase distribution of the phase grating to its intensity distribution with the magnification of 1X, can be uniquely defined as the (4n-3) $z_{T,a}$/4(n=positive integers), where rte is the well-known self-imaging distance of an amplitude grating. When the coherent laser beam is illuminated at the phase grating, the self-imaged images were obtained at $z_{T,p}$= $z_{T,a}$/4 and $z_{T,p}$=5 $z_{T,a}$/4 without any optics. On the other side, the phase-reversed self-imaging was obviously observed at $z_{T,p}$ = 3 $z_{T,a}$/4. The visibility of self-imaged images of a phase line grating as a function of the number of slits of the input grating was measured by the FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) results of the self-imaging images. As a result a stationary maximum visibility of V = 0.10 can be obtained from a grating with more than 15 slit pairs.n 15 slit pairs.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2001

The Talbot effect for periodic objects with the spatial period p illuminated by expanded coherent light is analyzed by Fresnel diffraction theory, and the Talbot distance (Zr) at which we can observe 1: 1 imaging without any lenses can be defined. We confmned experimentally the Talbot imaging of line, circular, X -type and '||'&'||'copy;-type 2 dimensional alTay gratings at ZT. At the same time, we observed phase reversed Talbot imaging at Zr/2 and Talbot subimage with p/2 at Zr/4 and 3Zr/4. The visibility of Talbot images as a function of the number of slits of the input grating was measured by the FFf (Fast Fourier Transform) results of these images. As a result stationary maximum visibility of V = 0.25 was obtained from grating numbers with more than 15 slit pairs.