• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• no.nspc2
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• pp.43-65
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• 1988

41 species of Korean freshwater Cladocera have been recorded up to now, but very few taxonomic works on this animal group have been carried out . As there is shortage the references useful to identifiy the Korean materials, the present key is made to fill it up. This key comprises 53 Korean species, of which 42 including 11 new records in Korea have been collected from Korean from 1978 to 1986. 42 species, except 11 species that could not be examined by the author , are all figured on the basis of their morphological characters.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.175-207
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• 1987

A taxonomic Study was carried out on the freshwater cladocerans from Korea during the period from August 1985 to May 1987. Materials consist of both the specimens deposited at Department of Zoology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University and those collected at the freshwater regions such as rivers, lakes, ponds, bogs, rice fields, etc. During the period. As a result of examining the speciemens collected at the 123 locations in South Korea, 31 species of 7 families were identified and classified. In this paper, the authors submit the figures of the 31 species, of which the following 13 species were descirbed as hitherto unrecorded species in Korea : Diaphanosoma Leuchtenbergianum Fisher, 1858 : Simocephalus vetulus 9O.F.Mller, 1776) ; S. esxpinosus (koch, 1841); Ceriodaphnia reticulata (Jurine, 1820) ; Scapholeberis mucronata (O.F. Mller, 1785) ; Moina weismanni Ishikawa, 1896 : Ilyocryptus agilis Kurz, 1878 ; Biapertura affinis (Leydig, 1860) : Camptocercus rectirostris Schodler, 1862 ; alona costata Sars, 1862 ; Disparalona rostrata (Koch, 1841); Pseudochydorus globosus (Barird, 1843) ; Leptodora kindtii(Focke, 1844)

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.361-366
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• 2015

We investigated cladoceran fauna from 71 study areas in South Korea. Sixty-two taxa were found, of which there were 30 planktonic and 25 littoral-benthic cladoceran species. In the present study, taxa of cladocera were identified by biographical traits. Species endemic to the Far East were found in the northernmost areas of South Korea, whereas Palearctic species were found in the southernmost areas. Generally, coexistence of cladoceran species in northern and southern areas was observed, implying possible faunistic complexes of cladocera in various areas of South Korea. We believe that further studies conducted in different habitats will greatly expand our knowledge of the biodiversity of cladocera in South Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.89-106
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• 1992

The specimens belonging to genus Mina collected from various freshwater habitats at 65 localties in South Korea during the period from July 1983 to July 1991 were examined. As a result of the present study, three species were identified and one of which was newly reported from Korea. We provided a key to four species of the genus Moina occurring in Korea and described and illustrated males and ephipoidal females poorly known in Korea as well as parthenogenetic females of the three species.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.466-469
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• 1999

Cladocera are important food organism for seed production of finfishes. freshwater cladocera such as Daphnia and Moina are well known food organisms for the larval rearing of freshwater fishes and are easy for mass culture. However, mass culture technique for marine cladocera are not yet developed, The only mass produced food organisms available these days for the larval production of marine finfishes are rotifer and Artemia. An estuarine cladoceran, Diaphanosoma celebensis, has a high possibility of being used as a food organism for the larval rearing of marine finfishes because this species is much easier to mass culture than marine ones. Therefore many studies are needed for this species. In this study, the effects of the volumes of culture container, 40, 1,500 and 15,000 ml, on the stable production of this species were tested and results are as follow: The maximum densities of this species in each of the culture volumes were reached after 14 days in 40 ml, 12 days in 1,500 ml, and 21 days in 15,000 ml with values of 3.4 $\pm$ 0.4, 14.2 $\pm$ 2.1 and 2.5 $\pm$ 1.6 per ml, respectively. The relative population growth index (RPGI) was stable in the culture volume of 1,500 ml. Moreover, possible harvesting number(individual/ml/day) was much higher in the 1,500 ml container than the other culture volumes. Therefore, optimum culture volume among the tested volumes for mass production of this species was 1,500 ml.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2006

The purpose of the current study was to develop a standard method to assess the ecological effect of pesticides using the representative Korean freshwater cladocerans. The indigenous cladocerans, Daphnia obtusa, Daphnia sp., Moina macrocopa, Simocephalus vetulus and Daphnia magna formally endorsed by the major international organizations were tested to select optimal culture media in laboratory condition. All of the Korean water flea tested showed good growth and fecundity in the moderately hard water ($CaCO_3$ ranged 80 to 100 mg $L^{-1}$) and soft water ($CaCO_3$ ranged 40 to 48 mg $L^{-1}$). However, considering that the total hardness of fresh water collected from 5 rivers ranged from 60.2 to 127.2 mg $L^{-1}$ ($CaCO_3$) and Ca deficiency could be a major determinant of species success and community structure among crustacean zooplankton, the present study suggests that the optimal water hardness for growing Daphnia sp., Daphnia obtusa, Moina macrocopa and Simocephalus vetulus is $80{\sim}100$ mg $L^{-1}$ of $CaCO_3$.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.40-59
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• 2018

This review summarizes the history of freshwater zooplankton research in Korean Society of Limnology and necessary future topics that are remain poorly investigated in South Korea based on main research topics of published articles focusing on lakes, reservoirs, rivers and wetland ecosystems. In Korea, a total 450 freshwater zooplankton species have been reported (85 species of cladocera, ca. 230 species of rotifera since 1939, and 138 species of copepoda), and they cover 10% of total zooplankton species list. In the present paper, we provide recent species list of zooplankton found in Korea and their taxonomic keys. Over periods of 45 years, there are 25 published papers for zooplankton biota in lentic ecosystems in Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (KJEE). The ecology of zooplankton communities in rivers has focused on the mechanisms involved in regulating their abundance, diversity and spatio-temporal patterns of genus Bosmina and rotifers (genus Brachionus and Keratella) that are most frequently found from Korea. On the other hand, the studies on zooplankton in wetland has focused on Alona, Chydorus and Ceriodaphnia with special emphasis on their relationships with aquatic macrophytes. Even though studies on the freshwater ecosystem in Korea have a long history, a few of studies on zooplankton biota were conducted at rice paddy, Dumbeong and wetlands. During the last two decades, experimental advances in freshwater zooplankton ecology and understanding of structure and function of this biota were made from a series of articles mainly in journal of KJEE. For future studies, quantitative, experimental and interdisciplinary approaches would be key words to understand zooplankton ecology and their roles in aquatic ecosystems under changing environments, and we have suggested necessary zooplankton research fields and future directions.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.196-200
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• 2006

In this study we investigated fecundity and survivorship of four staple Korean freshwater cladocerans for their whole life to develop a new standard method used for ecological risk assessment of pesticide. The tested Korean freshwater cladocerans were Daphnia obtusa, Daphnia sp., Moina macrocopa and Simocephalus vetulus. In addition, standard test species, Daphnia magna endorsed formally by the major international organizations was tested together in order to compare with the reproductive characteristics of Korean cladocerans. A total of 358 young was produced by D. magna, whereas, 297 young was reduced by Daphnia sp. throughout the entire life. The average life span of Daphnia magna was 50 days much longer than any other Korean species. Nevertheless all of the Korean water flea tested showed good fecundity, produced over 60 young for 21 days as the validation criterion for reproduction toxicity test in Ecological Effects Test Guidelines published by USEPA. Especially Moina macrocopa produced their first brood in 4 days. Therefore 10 day reproduction test with Moina macrocopa may be an alternative good method to save cost and time to elucidating the effects of hazardous substances on the reproduction of aquatic invertebrates.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.246-253
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• 2007

The reproduction toxicity of several pesticides on two Korean water flea was investigated to develop a new standard species used for ecological risk assessment of pesticide. Moina macrocopa and Daphnia sp. were exposed to 4 different types of pesticides over 10 and 21 days, respectively. No-ohserved effect concentration (NOEC) for synthetic pyrethroid, fenpropathrin on Moina macrocopa and Daphnia sp. were 0.17 and $0.06\;{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, respectively. Diazinon, carbofuran and myclobutanil were in the order of their reproduction toxicity to cladocerans tested. There were large differences between Moina macrocopa and Daphnia sp. in their susceptibility to fenpropathrin, diazinon and carbofuran except myclobutanil. Daphnia sp. is more sensitive than M. macrocopa to pesticides tested. Therefore Daphnia sp. may be a good surrogate species to assess the reproduction effect of pesticides on aquatic invertebrates. M. macrocopa also be a good surrogate species because it is one of the most abundant cladocera in agricultural environment, especially rice paddy in Korea. In addition to it's ecological importance of wide spread distribution, it has also economical importance to make possible to shorten period for reproduction test using M. macrocopa due to it's short life cycle.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.117-128
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• 2004

The influence of different feeding rates of three green algae on growth and reproduction in four Korean cladocera, Daphnia sp., Daphnia obtusa, Moina macrocopa, and Simocephalus vetulus was investigated. The growth and reproduction rates of Daphnia sp. fed Chlorella vulgaris cells were significantly increased than those of daphnid fed Senedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum carpricornutum. The total offsprings of Daphnia sp. fed $25\times10^4$ and $50\times10^4$ cells Chlorella vulgaris for 21days were $124{\pm}2.8$ and $168{\pm}22.1$, respectively. The Daphnia obtusa fed $25\times10^4$ and $50\times10^4$ cells Selenastrum carpricornutum was shown good reproduction rates, $72.2{\pm}7.9$ and $79.6{\pm}22.9$, respectively. The Moina macrocopa fed $25\times10^4$ and $50\times10^4$ cells Senedesmus subspicatus as well as Simocephalus vetulus and $25\times10^4$ and $50\times10^4$ cells Chlorella vulgaris were shown good reproduction rates. All of algae tested were sufficient as a good diet for Korean Cladocerans in this study. However, the preferred alga was Chlorella vulgaris and the optimal feeding concentrations were $2.5\times10^5\sim5\times10^5$ cells/mL, because the alga was shown most stable and generally high production rates in all cladocerans tested.