• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.597-626
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• 2011

Civil college is a public educational institute for theoretical and practical learning. This study examines the social context behind France's civil college and how it is being operated. Many studies have been conducted in Korea to examine Germany in terms of lifelong learning or adult learning, but there is almost no study on France. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the history and operation of civil college, the "college outside college," in France and what Korea should learn from it. The civil college of France can be discussed in two contexts: first, it is AUPF, which stands for the French association of civil colleges, and it was mostly influenced by Northern Europe and Germany. Second, it is Caen Civil College, which was established by M. Onfray based his philosophical collaboration. The European civil college opened almost 1,000 courses in 2010-2011 for a variety of subjects, including Foreign Languages, Mother Tongue, the Dialects of Alsace, Philosophy, Cosmology, History, Art History, Psychology, Sociology, Astronomy, Botany, and Natural Science. Courses in Fine Arts include drawing, painting, sculpture, photography, music, and theater. For another form of civil college, Philosopher M. Onfray has been operating Caen Civil College since 2002 for general education and cultural education. It is not acknowledged by conventional philosophers, but it is contributing to the popularization of philosophy. In conclusion, the civil college in France has brought in-depth philosophical discussions out of the lecture rooms in an effort to popularize learning, making lifelong learning more accessible to the general public.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권33호
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• pp.293-315
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• 2013

최근 프랑스 영화는 국내 수입과 개봉이 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 하지만 국내에 개봉하는 모든 프랑스 영화가 흥행에 성공하는 것은 아니다. 국내 영화시장과 관객들에게 프랑스영화는 여전히 '다양성영화' 혹은 '예술영화'라는 인식이 일반적 통념이다. 따라서 국내에 소개되는 프랑스 영화는 관객들에게 할리우드영화나 국내영화와는 또 다른 문화적 의미를 부여하는 문화상품이며, 다양성 영화 이해라는 중요한 문화적 가치를 제공하고 있다. 하지만 국내에 개봉되는 프랑스영화도 할리우드 영화와 마찬가지로, 결국 많은 관객들을 통한 소비가 영화제작이나 수입목적에 부합한다고 말할 수 있다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구자들은 프랑스에서 제작된 영화 <테이큰>을 통해 국내 관객의 수용방식과 흥행요인을 살펴보고자 한다. 특히 수용방식과 흥행요인의 분석은 문화다양성 개념을 넘어서서 국내 개봉시 고려해야할 사항들을 직시하게 해줄 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 다양성 예술영화로 일반적으로 인식되는 프랑스 영화가 <테이큰>을 통해 영화 소비적 측면에서 어떤 흥행방식에 초점을 두고 있는지, SWOT 분석을 통해 흥행 가능성과 요인들을 천착하고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 우선 국내 영화관객의 소비태도나 양상들을 살펴보며, 영화 관람시 고려하는 사항들이 무엇인지 검토하고자 한다. 그런 다음, <테이큰>의 흥행요인을 SWOT 분석하여, 프랑스 영화임에도 불구하고 국내에서 흥행에 성공한 이유를 살펴볼 것이다. 마지막으로 SWOT 분석을 토대로 <테이큰>의 흥행전략을 도출하고, 향후 외화영화를 국내 수입시 고려할만한 전제조건들을 재조명하고자 한다. 또한 국내 수입업자들에게는 상업적 측면에서 흥행적 코드로서 어떤 점에 주안점을 두고 수입 개봉해야하는지 검토할 수 있는 좋은 계기가 될 것이다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2008

The reason that we are familiar with fashion from the 1950s is because of the work such as New Look done by a french fashion designer, Christian Dior who had taken on an almost mythical significance by his name. Moreover, in the sense of popularity, the appearance of Marilyn Monroe and Audrey Hepburn, two typical Hollywood actresses who each has directly-opposed image, is the symbol of youthful America of the 1950s and represents the remarkable start of the American fashion. Still, these days designers and mass medias recall the fashion from the 50s remaking and parodying it to suit public's taste. Being due to the World War II, Europe suffered not only the loss of its national tradition and reputation but also got a fatal blow politically and economically. On the other hand, the United States of America occupied a primary position in the world and outstandingly became the most powerful country. The American fashion of the 1950s represents youth and newness and rejects outdated and outmoded style. In this period, appears the indication which announces previously the youth culture. Poodle skirt is the fashion item that acquired popularity among young american women and girls in the late 1950s. In effect, it is the fashion as American as apple pie. A costly A-line skirt had been transformed into a cheap felt skirt. Instead of a real poodle dog which was carried by French women like an accessory, they embroidered a poodle dog on the lower edge of their skirt. As deriding the snobbish gait, they swayed themselves frantically to the rhythm of Rock n' Roll which swept those days. This was an attitude of young Americans against the existing trend of Europe. Poodle skirt showed the free spirit and intention of young people unbound to custom and established vogue. In addition, in the aspect of comprising the American spirit of independent, pioneer, and subjective American people, it goes beyond the bounds of common concept of fad. Poodle skirt is an unique symbol of the 1950s' American fashion which prognosticates the advent of the United States and the success in modern fashion world which was changing after 1950s.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2017

본 연구는 오늘날 우리사회의 고령화, 핵가족화와 같은 사회적 문제에 주목하고, 이에 대응하는 새로운 주거문화 계획을 위한 기초연구 수행을 목표로 한다. 구체적인 연구의 대상은 건축가 르꼬르뷔제가 설계한 프랑스 공공집합주택인 마르세이유 도시에 위치한 유니떼다비따시옹 이다. 프랑스 국가가 오랜 역사와 문화적 성장을 통하여 구축한 중요한 국가사상들 중에서 '주거'라는 주제는 단순히 거주하는 공간이 아닌 시민복지의 근간이며, 이러한 맥락에서 1950년대 초반에 건설된 유니떼다비따시옹 공공집합주택은 국가가 추구하는 시민복지의 정신을 여러 다양한 계층의 세대들이 함께 공존할 수 있는 주거의 공유성으로 제시했다는 점에서 그 가치가 매우 높다. 본 연구의 주제인 주거의 공유성에 관한 연구는 향후 우리사회의 세분화되는 다양한 세대들을 위한 새로운 주거문화 제시에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대한다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 1995

The purpose of this research was to study the origins and the meanings of the Kokal (고깔). Comparative linguistic analytical approaches were employed to trace the development of the word, the Kokal(고깔). Results of this study revealed that the kotkal(곳갈, 곧갈) was a general term referring to a variety of head coverings in eh period of Choson Dynasty. This broad meanings of the Kotkal(곳갈,곧갈) of the Chosun Dynasty period has been changed to a narrow sense meanings a conical cap made of folds of the material, mainly used by some of the Buddhist monks in modern Korean. Also, the phonetic value of the Kotkal(곳갈,곧갈) of the Choson Dynasty period changed to the Kokal(고깔) in modern Korean. A variety of words for the Kokal(고깔) was found in the different languages such as Latin, English, French, Turkish, German, Mongolian, and Chinese. The examination and analysis of this study indicated that the origin of the Korean word Kotkal(곳갈,곧갈) or Kokal(고깔) and the meanings of it were derived from LL. Cuculla(monk's cowl)

• 복식문화연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.447-457
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• 2001

Moliere completed classical French comedy by combining farce and commedia dell\`arte. Moliere believed that it was a plays obligation to give a lesson and entertainment. Moliere recreated commedia dell\`arte\`s typical acting patterns and characters in his work. He created with Lully comedie ballet that combined ballet and comedie for taste of Louis 14. Les precieuses ridicules critically displayed women at that time. Both contemporary high status women\`s custom and behavior were the targets of the author\`s synical criticism. There are three notable clothing imageries are shown in this work. First, Moliere used a variety of items in order to show emptiness of noble at that time. Items are ribbon and loop decorated rhingrave, feather decorated hat, perfumed wig and glove, lace covered canon and flower decorated shoes. Second, the author showed people\`s stutus through their clothes. Last, the author used clothing used clothing as a metaphor for hypocrisy. Thus when he said “take off the clothes” he meant take off hypocrisy and return truth.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.295-307
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• 2001

This study was investigated to a effect of sociocultural environment on the vicissitudes of headgear in Europe on 19th Century. Form of headgear was increasingly more functional and simple. It was needed various items with various usage. Since Industrial Revolution the french Revolution. A diffusion of sport and increase of leisure time gave rise to entrance of mass headgear with reasonability and simplicity. But female headgear was more decorative than males. Until late 19th century when female has participated in social performance, female headgear was not functional and simple form. More often female took male headgear(fedora, straw boater, cap, tc.) than bonnet when female role-awareness was changed and sport is diffused.

• 아동학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2006

Of the 2,593 children picture books published in Korea between 2001 and 2003, 46% were Korean in origin, while 53.9% were Korean translations of books originally in English, Japanese, French, or German. This study compared 45 of the translations with the originals. Of these, 49.2% had contents not included in the originals, and 31.1 % had omitted contents. More over, 7.6% of the Korean versions were different in punctuation codes and signs, and 6.7% were different from originals in length of sentences. Most of the books were on general or global issues rather than culture-bound. However, among the English books, there were more than 20 cases different from Korean culture in person's names, external appearance, food, and/or clothing.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2020

The Chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier and mathematician Pierre Simon Laplace, who conducted a collaborative research on heat phenomena, are two of the key figures that represent French scientific community in the late 18th century. They joined hands together to understand heat phenomena that had not been fully explained until that time. They studied heat phenomena based on a heat particle model called 'caloric' and this study further expanded into light, magnetism and electricity, laying groundwork for many other research achievements afterwards. This article goes through their individual researches and looks into the process of their joint research based on the analysis of their publications. Further to these, it emphasizes its continuity with the Laplacian Program, a large-scale research project conducted in the early 19th century. Lastly, this article presents how science can merge with history, and at the same time, introduces the prerequisites for successful convergence research through existing research cases.

• 수완나부미
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-88
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• 2020

Two utilitarian and symbolic objects associated with womanhood in Cambodian culture are the stove and the pot. The pot is a symbol of both the womb and female sexuality; the stove is a symbol of gendered feminine labor. This article argues that the sexist representations of the Khmer female body by modern Cambodian male artists demonstrate an inherited legacy of Orientalist stereotypes. These images were formed : under French colonialism and often depict Khmer women as erotic/exotic native Others. Starting in the 1970s, however, if not earlier, Cambodian women began to question the gendering of social roles that confined them to domestic space and labor. This form of social questioning was especially present in pop songs. In recent years, contemporary Cambodian woman artists such as Neak Sophal and Tith Kanitha have made use of rice pots and stoves in their art as freighted symbols of femininity. Neak created an installation of rice pots from different households in their village, while Tith rebelled against this gendered role by destroying cooking stoves as an act of defiance against patriarchy in her performance art.