• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2003.06a
• /
• pp.979-982
• /
• 2003

In this study, because of change in electromagnetic force, deformation of the free surface motion of a magnetic fluid is changed. Deformation of the free surface motion of a magnetic fluid for the change in electromagnetic force is discussed and carried out theoretically and experimentally on the basis of Rosensweig Ferrohydrodynamic Bernoulli Equation. Objective of this study explicates free surface motion by electromagnetic force and planes to designed controller. To control free surface of magnetic fluid, it embody designed two-dimensional free surface form of magnetic fluid. By using this characteristics, they applied to oscillator for surface control, flow control, boundary layer control. Strength of magnetic field and height of free surface of magnetic fluid measure as a hall-effect sensor. As performing height control of magnetic fluid, the result will be presented possibility of free surface deformation control.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
• /
• v.3 no.2 s.7
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2000

The present work describes the prediction method for the unsteady flow field and the acoustic pressure field of a ducted axial fan. The prediction method is comprised of time-marching free-wake method, acoustic analogy, and the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz BEM. The predicted sound signal of a rotor is similar to the experiment one. We assume that the rotor rotates with a constant angular velocity and the flow field around the rotor is incompressible and inviscid. Then, a time-marching free-wake method is used to model the fan and to calculate the flow field. The force of each element on the blade is calculated by the unsteady Bernoulli equation. Lowson's method is used to predict the acoustic source. The newly developed Helmholtz-Kirchhoff BEM lot thin body is used to calculate tile sound field of the ducted fan. The ducted fan with 6 blades is analysed and the sound field around the duct is calculated.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2005

Large eddy simulation of vortexing flow of molten steel in the continuous casting mold with and without DC magnetic field was conducted. The influence of the position of magnetic field to the residence time and depth of the vortex was analyzed. The mechanism of the influence of magnetic field to the vortexing flow was found. The computational results show that the vortexing flow is the result of shearing of the two un-symmetric surface flows from the mold narrow faces when they meet adjacent to the SEN; the un-symmetric flow for turbulent vortex is caused by turbulent energy of the fluid and that for biased vortex is caused by biased flow and the turbulent energy of fluid; with the moving of the magnetic field from the centerline of the outlet of the SEN to the free surface, the surface velocity is decreased gradually and the depth of the turbulent vortex and the biased vortex is decreased, the residence time is increased with the magnetic field moves from DL=120mm to DL=60mm and then decreased; the turbulent vortex and the biased vortex can be eliminated when the magnetic field is located at the free surface.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.85.2-85.2
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we introduce the 3D modeling of the coronal magnetic field in the solar active region by extrapolating from the 2D observational data numerically. First, we introduce a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolation code based on the MHD-like relaxation method implementing the cleaning a numerical error for Div B proposed by Dedner et al. 2002 and the multi-grid method. We are able to reconstruct the ideal force-free field, which was introduced by Low & Lou (1990), in high accuracy and achieve the faster speed in the high-resolution calculation (512^3 grids). Next we applied our NLFFF extrapolation to the solar active region NOAA 10930. First of all, we compare the 3D NLFFF with the flare ribbons of Ca II images observed by the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) aboard on the Hinode. As a result, it was found that the location of the two foot-points of the magnetic field lines well correspond to the flare ribbon. The result indicates that the NLFFF well capture the 3D structure of magnetic field in the flaring region. We further report the stability of the magnetic field by estimating the twist value of the field line and finally suggest the flare onset mechanism.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.289-304
• /
• 2024

Purpose - Focusing on the FGI research method, the current status and issues of barrier-free tourism in Gangwon State were identified, and specific activation plans were derived Design/methodology/approach - This study conducted in-depth interviews with 20 experts related to the tourism industry. The issues, current status, and activation plan of barrier-free tourism in Gangwon State recognized by experts in tourism policy, tourism administration, tourism management, and tourism service industry were derived. Findings - First, the tendency of businesses to be promoted based on the non-disabled by not recognizing the weak as the main tourism demand group, second, confusion caused by the unification of terms related to barrier-free tourism, third, lack of finding tourism constraints subdivided according to the type and degree of disability, fourth, tourism information and evaluation indicators provided by prioritizing the convenience of suppliers rather than consumers, and fifth, the nature of the project focused on improving access to physical infrastructure. Subsequently, the results of the analysis of the plan to revitalize the barrier-free tourism industry in Gangwon State were as follows. First, education and programs to improve disability awareness appropriate to local conditions were activated, second, related information was unified and project sustainability was improved by creating a control tower for the barrier-free tourism industry at the provincial level, third, to overcome the employment crisis based on finding locally tailored jobs related to tourism care professionals, and fourth, to continuously secure quantitative and qualitative data and establish utilization plans. Research implications or Originality - First, it presents theoretical implications for related fields by providing issues and activation measures related to barrier-free tourism from the perspective of experts who are still lacking in research in academia. The practical implications are that based on the opinions of experts working in the tourism field, more specific issues of the barrier-free tourism industry in the province were presented, and policy and practical solutions were presented accordingly, suggesting realistic alternatives that can be carried out in the actual field.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.713-728
• /
• 2023

This paper aims to investigate the free vibration analysis of FG plates, taking into account the effects of even and uneven porosity. The study employs the Hellinger-Reisner functional and obtains the element's bending stress and membrane stress fields from the analytical solution of the governing equations of the thick plate and plane problem, respectively. The displacement field serves as the second independent field. While few articles on free vibration analysis of circular plates exist, this paper investigates the free vibration of both rectangular and circular plates. After validating the proposed element, the paper investigates the effects of porosity distributions on the natural frequency of the FG porous plate. The study calculates the natural frequency of thin and thick bending plates with different aspect ratios and support conditions for various porosity and volume fraction index values. The study uses three types of porosity distributions, X, V, and O, for the uneven porosity distribution case. For O and V porosity distribution modes, porosity has a minor effect on the natural frequency for both circular and rectangular plates. However, in the case of even porosity distribution or X porosity distribution, the effect of porosity on the natural frequency of circular and rectangular plates increases with an increase in the volume fraction index.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.36.2-36.2
• /
• 2007

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2002

This paper describes a numerical method for pile foundation subjected to earthquake loading using dynamic Winkler foundation model. To verify the numerical method, shaking table tests were carried out. In shaking table tests, accelerations and pile bending moments were measured for single pile and pile groups with a spacing-to-diameter ratio of 2.5 under fixed input base acceleration. In numerical analysis, the input base and free field accelerations measured from shaking table tests were used as input base motions. Based on the results obtained, free field acceleration was magnified relative to input base acceleration, whereas pile head accelerations reduced relatively to free field acceleration for soil-pile interaction. Measured and predicted bending moments for both cases have maximum value within the distance 10cm(4d) from the pile top. However, there are some differences between the results of numerical analysis and shake table test below 10cm(4d) from the pile top.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.1319-1332
• /
• 1995

Numerical analysis was performed to characterize the particle deposition behavior on a horizontal free-standing wafer with thermophoretic effect under the turbulent flow field. A low Reynolds number k-.epsilon. turbulence model was used to analyze the turbulent flow field around the wafer, and the temperature field for the calculation of the thermophoretic effect was predicted from the energy equation introducing the eddy diffusivity concept. The deposition mechanisms considered were convection, diffusion, sedimentation, turbulence and thermophoresis. For both the upper and lower surfaces of the wafer, the averaged particle deposition velocities and their radial distributions were calculated and compared with the laminar flow results and available experimental data. It was shown by the calculated averaged particle deposition velocities on the upper surface of the wafer that the deposition-free zone, where the deposition velocite is lower than 10$^{-5}$ cm/s, exists between 0.096 .mu.m and 1.6 .mu.m through the influence of thermophoresis with positive temperature difference of 10 K between the wafer and the ambient air. As for the calsulated local deposition velocities, for small particle sizes d$_{p}$<0.05 .mu.m, the deposition velocity is higher at the center of the wafer than at the wafer edge, whereas for particle size of d$_{p}$ = 2.0 .mu.m the deposition takes place mainly on the inside area of the wafer. Finally, an approximate model for calculating the deposition velocities was recommended and the calculated deposition velocity results were compared with the present numerical solutions, those of Schmidt et al.'s model and the experimental data of Opiolka et al.. It is shown by the comparison that the results of the recommended model agree better with the numerical solutions and Opiolka et al.'s data than those of Schmidt's simple model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2012.02a
• /
• pp.549-549
• /
• 2012

Early detection of cancer biomarkers in the blood is of vital importance for reducing the mortality and morbidity in a number of cancers. From this point of view, immunosensors based on nanowire (NW) and carbon nanotube (CNT) field-effect transistors (FETs) that allow the ultra-sensitive, highly specific, and label-free electrical detection of biomarkers received much attention. Nevertheless 1D nano-FET biosensors showed high performance, several challenges remain to be resolved for the uncomplicated, reproducible, low-cost and high-throughput nanofabrication. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) graphene and reduced GO (RGO) nanosheets or films find widespread applications such as clean energy storage and conversion devices, optical detector, field-effect transistors, electromechanical resonators, and chemical & biological sensors. In particular, the graphene- and RGO-FETs devices are very promising for sensing applications because of advantages including large detection area, low noise level in solution, ease of fabrication, and the high sensitivity to ions and biomolecules comparable to 1D nano-FETs. Even though a limited number of biosensor applications including chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene film for DNA detection, single-layer graphene for protein detection and single-layer graphene or solution-processed RGO film for cell monitoring have been reported, development of facile fabrication methods and full understanding of sensing mechanism are still lacking. Furthermore, there have been no reports on demonstration of ultrasensitive electrical detection of a cancer biomarker using the graphene- or RGO-FET. Here we describe scalable and facile fabrication of reduced graphene oxide FET (RGO-FET) with the capability of label-free, ultrasensitive electrical detection of a cancer biomarker, prostate specific antigen/${\alpha}$ 1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) complex, in which the ultrathin RGO channel was formed by a uniform self-assembly of two-dimensional RGO nanosheets, and also we will discuss about the immunosensing mechanism.