• 제목/요약/키워드: France

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Watch and Wait in Lebanese Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients: How Relevant is it?

  • Lutfallah, Antoine Abi;Kourie, Hampig Raphael;Eid, Roland;Farhat, Fadi;Ghosn, Marwan;Kattan, Joseph
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.215-217
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    • 2016
  • Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent form of leukemia in Europe and North America, and it mainly affects older individuals. Many approaches are implemented in the management of CLL from a watch and wait (W&W) strategy to chemotherapeutic regimens. We here reviewed our clinical practice for the relevance of the W&W strategy in Lebanese CLL patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 95 patients with CLL diagnosed in four institutions in Lebanon, between 1992 and 2013, were selected and their files were reviewed. Characteristics of these patients were noted including age, sex, RAI and Binet scores, CBC values, presence of hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, performance of bone marrow biopsy or peripheral blood flux cytometry for diagnosis, adoption of W&W strategy, different chemotherapeutic regimens and the indications for treatment. Results: Some 38 patients (40%) diagnosed with CLL were women and 57 (60%) were men with a mean age of 65.1 years [36-89]. Of the total, 50.5%, 17.2%, 14%, 7.5% and 10.8% had an RAI score at diagnosis of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, while 65.6%, 17.2% and 17.2% had Binet scores of I, II and III. The mean lymphocyte count at diagnosis was $39885/mm^3$ [1596-290000], the mean hemoglobin level was 12.7 g/dl [6.2-17] and the mean platelet count was $191255/mm^3$ [14000-458000]. While 26.3% of patients with CLL had splenomegaly, only 7.4% had hepatomegaly. Some 33.7% had undergone a bone marrow biopsy, 66.3% flow cytometry of circulating blood and 5.3% a lymph node biopsy. Overall, the W&W was adopted in 62.4% (58) of patients with a mean duration of 37.7 months [3-216]. The W&W was used in 82.6%, 73.3%, 46.2%, 14.3% and 0% of patients having RAI scores of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, and, it was used in 80%, 46.7% and 6.25% with Binet scores of I, II and III. The most frequent indication for treatment was anemia and thrombocytopenia, accounting for 32.7% of cases. The most frequently used chemotherapeutical regimens were chlorambucil until the end of the last century and flufarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab during the last decade. Conclusions: This retrospective review of CLL clinical practice showed an important implementation of the W&W strategy with a long duration, especially in early stage cases with low RAI or Binet scores.

프랑스 사례를 바탕으로 사회통합을 위한 정책방안 연구 (A study on policy for social integration based on case in France)

  • 이향수;이성훈
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제15권12호
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구에서는 이미 우리나라보다 앞서 이주민들에 대한 사회통합에 대한 관심을 가지고 사회통합정책을 충실히 시행하고 있는 프랑스 사례를 고찰하여 우리나라에의 시사점을 분석해내고자 하였다. 우선 프랑스의 사회통합정책 법체계 및 제도에 대한 분석을 하였다. 둘째, 프랑스의 사회통합정책 추진체계에 대해서 분석하고, 이를 통해 이주민통합정책을 지휘하는 부처나 집행하는 기관 등을 살펴보았다. 셋째, 위와 같은 분석을 통해 우리나라 이주민 통합정책에 대한 시사점을 도출했다. 분석결과 프랑스는 중앙정부수준의 일관성있는 사회통합정책을 추진하고 있었으며, 사회통합프로그램에 전사회 구성원이 모두 참여하고 있었다. 또한 사회통합프로그램을 체류 등과 연계하여 프로그램에의 참여를 독려하고 있었다. 이를 바탕으로 볼 때, 우리나라의 사회통합정책은 다소 수정되어야 한다는 결론에 이르렀다. 우선, 우리나라에서 이주민사회통합정책을 주관할 수 있는 부처를 일원화하여 정책의 통일성을 추구해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 우리나라의 사회통합정책의 주요대상은 외국에서 이주한 이주민 뿐 아니라 우리나라 국민들도 포함시켜야 할 것이다. 셋째, 우리나라도 이주민들로 하여금 좀더 사회통합 프로그램에의 참여를 독려하는 동시에 체류 등에의 불이익을 주어 참여율을 높여나가야 할 것이다.

Development of nanocrystalline silicon thin film transistors with low-leakage and high stability for AMOLED displays

  • Templier, Francois;Oudwan, Maher;Venin, Claude;Villette, Jerome;Elyaakoubi, Mustapha;Dimitriadis, C.A.
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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    • pp.1705-1708
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    • 2006
  • Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) based TFTs were developed using a conventional PECVD production system. Devices exhibit very interesting characteristics, in particular when using a bi-layer structure which reduces leakage current and improves subthreshold area. Good stability and low leakage current make these devices suitable for the fabrication of low-cost and high performance AMOLED displays.

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Current and Future instrumentation at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope

  • Devost, Daniel
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.67.1-67.1
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    • 2013
  • The CFHT currently has three instruments running in QSO mode and one in Classical mode. I will touch on the capabilities of these instruments and give an update on the future instrumentation at CFHT. One new instrument, SITELLE, is scheduled to be delivered to CFHT at the end of the year. Another instrument which is a proof of concept is GRACES which should see first light during the summer. I will also give an update on the Dome Venting project and the Next generation CFHT.

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미국의 토목 엔지니어는 어떻게 탄생했는가? (How Were the American Civil Engineers Born?)

  • 김덕호
    • 공학교육연구
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 2011
  • This paper examines the birth of civil engineers in the United States. Unlike the advanced some European countries such as Great Britain or France, as a new nation America had to import high-tech technologies from them. In the process of transplantation she had mixed up the civil engineering of British style with French's. As a result, the training of the civil engineers in America had developed in various ways.

NEW TOOLS FOR "SQUEAK-AND-RATTLE" AUTOMATIC DETECTION

  • Dufournet, D.;Veste, S.;Parodi, F.
    • 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.1217-1220
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    • 2001
  • The discomfort due to squeaks and rattles appearance inside the car has serious repercussions on consumer's opinion about acoustic quality of the vehicle and may change his economical behaviour. In this paper, we present a set of tools for squeaks and rattles processing implemented on a PC-based two channels analyser and grouped in a friendly interface. (omitted)

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Competitiveness Benchmarking of Overseas Construction through a SWOT analysis of leading construction firms in Spain and France

  • Han, Jae-Goo;Park, Hwan-Pyo;Jang, Hyoun-Seung
    • 국제학술발표논문집
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    • The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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    • pp.721-722
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    • 2015
  • The aim of this research is to provide a direction to benchmark advanced construction companies from Spain and France by deriving business strategies through SWOT analysis in order to strengthen overseas expansion and competitiveness of domestic construction companies.

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